Activity 8: Synaptic Transmission at Axon Terminal Follow directions and answer the following questions: 1) What is the effect of AP frequency on the amount of transmitter released at the terminal? 3) What response would you predict in a post-synaptic cell in the above situation? Apply Your Knowledge A drug that blocks ATPase enzymes (enzymes that hydrolyze ATP) is introduced into a neuron. The neuron is then repeatedly stimulated, and recordings are made of the response. What effect would you expect to observe? Hint: think of the role of the Na+/K+ ATPase in the physiology of a neuron.

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.