11:16- < Notes September 19, 2024 at 11:09 Table A.1 Equipment Cost Data to Be Used with Equation (A.1) (Continued) - 2001 397 Equipment Type Reactors Equipment Description Autoclave K₁ K₂ K₂ 4.5587 Fermenter 4.1052 Inoculum tank 3.7957 0.2986 0.5320 -0.0005 0.4593 0.0160 0.0020 Capacity, Units Volume, m³ Min Size Max Size 1 15 Volume, m³ 0.1 35 Volume, m³ 0.07 1 Jacketed agitated 4.1052 0.5320 -0.0005 Volume, m³ 0.1 35 Jacketed nonagitated 3.3496 0.7235 0.0025 Volume, m³ 5 45 Mixer/settler 4.7116 0.4479 0.0004 Volume, m³ 0.04 60 Screens DSM 3.8050 0.5856 0.2120 Area, m² 0.3 6 Rotary 4.0485 0.1118 0.3260 Area, m² 0.3 15 Stationary 3.8219 1.0368 -0.6050 Area, m² 2 11 Vibrating 4.0485 0.1118 0.3260 Area, m² 0.3 15 Tanks API-fixed roof 4.8509 -0.3973 0.1445 Volume, m³ 90 30,000 API-floating roof 5.9567 -0.7585 0.1749 Volume, m³ 1000 40,000 Towers Trays Tray and packed 3.4974 0.4485 0.1074 Volume, m³ 0.3 520 Sieve 2.9949 0.4465 0.3961 Area, m² 0.07 12.30 Valve 3.3322 0.4838 0.3434 Area, m² 0.70 10.50 Demisters 3.2353 0.4838 0.3434 Area, m² 0.70 10.50 Turbines Axial gas turbines 2.7051 1.4398 -0.1776 Fluid power, kW 100 4000 Radial gas/liquid expanders 2.2476 1.4965 -0.1618 Fluid power, kW 100 1500 Vaporizers Internal coils/jackets 4.0000 0.4321 0.1700 Volume, m³ 1 100 Jacketed vessels 3.8751 0.3328 0.1901 Volume, m³ 1 100 Table A.4 Constants for Bare Module Factor to Be Used in Equation (A.4) (Correlated from Data in Guthrie [1, 2] and Ulrich [3]) Equipment Description Equipment Type B₁ B₂ Heat exchangers Double pipe, multiple pipe, scraped wall, and spiral tube Fixed tube sheet, floating head, U-tube, bayonet, kettle reboiler, and Teflon tube 1.74 1.55 1.63 1.66 Air cooler, spiral plate, and flat plate 0.96 1.21 Process vessels Horizontal 1.49 1.52 Vertical (including towers) 2.25 1.82 Pumps Reciprocating 1.89 1.35 Positive displacement 1.89 1.35 Centrifugal 1.89 1.35 Table A.5 Equations for Bare Module Cost for Equipment Not Covered by Tables A.3 and A.4 Equipment Type Compressors and blowers without drives Drives for compressors and blowers Evaporators and vaporizers Fans with electric drives Fired heaters and furnaces Equation for Bare Module Cost CBM = CFBM CBM = CFBM Power recovery equipment Sieve trays, valve trays, and demister pads Tower packing CBM = COFBMFP = CBM-CFBMFP CBM-CPF BMFPFT Fr is the superheat correction factor for steam boilers (F =1 for other heaters and furnaces) and is given by Fr = 1 + 0.00184AT -0.00000335(A7)² where AT is the amount of superheat in ˚C. CBM = CF BM CBM = CONF BMF where N is the number of trays and F₁, is a quantity factor for trays only given by logo F = 0.4771 +0.08516log 10 N- 0.3473 (log10 N)² for N<20 F₁ CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PLANT COST INDEX (CEPCI) = 1 for N≥20 CBM = CFBM CE Index Equipment Heat exchangers & tanks Process machinery Pipe, valves & fittings Process instruments Pumps & compressors (1957-59 = 100) Jan. '16 Dec. '15 Prelim. Final Jan.'15 Final Annual Index: 2008 575.4 536.5 537.0 573.1 640.5 641.1 694.8 2009 = 521.9 551.7 556.0 636.4 2010 550.8 648.5 649.2 663.5 795.0 791.3 868.9 2011=585.7 379.0 381.2 407.2 2012 = 584.6 979.1 965.0 948.7 2013-5673 a. Please explain the principle of "economy of scale". b. Briefly discuss the difference (cost, reliability, when used) between preliminary estimate (Class 3) and Detailed Estimates (Class 1). c. Please define the "base conditions".

11:16- < Notes September 19, 2024 at 11:09 Table A.1 Equipment Cost Data to Be Used with Equation (A.1) (Continued) - 2001 397 Equipment Type Reactors Equipment Description Autoclave K₁ K₂ K₂ 4.5587 Fermenter 4.1052 Inoculum tank 3.7957 0.2986 0.5320 -0.0005 0.4593 0.0160 0.0020 Capacity, Units Volume, m³ Min Size Max Size 1 15 Volume, m³ 0.1 35 Volume, m³ 0.07 1 Jacketed agitated 4.1052 0.5320 -0.0005 Volume, m³ 0.1 35 Jacketed nonagitated 3.3496 0.7235 0.0025 Volume, m³ 5 45 Mixer/settler 4.7116 0.4479 0.0004 Volume, m³ 0.04 60 Screens DSM 3.8050 0.5856 0.2120 Area, m² 0.3 6 Rotary 4.0485 0.1118 0.3260 Area, m² 0.3 15 Stationary 3.8219 1.0368 -0.6050 Area, m² 2 11 Vibrating 4.0485 0.1118 0.3260 Area, m² 0.3 15 Tanks API-fixed roof 4.8509 -0.3973 0.1445 Volume, m³ 90 30,000 API-floating roof 5.9567 -0.7585 0.1749 Volume, m³ 1000 40,000 Towers Trays Tray and packed 3.4974 0.4485 0.1074 Volume, m³ 0.3 520 Sieve 2.9949 0.4465 0.3961 Area, m² 0.07 12.30 Valve 3.3322 0.4838 0.3434 Area, m² 0.70 10.50 Demisters 3.2353 0.4838 0.3434 Area, m² 0.70 10.50 Turbines Axial gas turbines 2.7051 1.4398 -0.1776 Fluid power, kW 100 4000 Radial gas/liquid expanders 2.2476 1.4965 -0.1618 Fluid power, kW 100 1500 Vaporizers Internal coils/jackets 4.0000 0.4321 0.1700 Volume, m³ 1 100 Jacketed vessels 3.8751 0.3328 0.1901 Volume, m³ 1 100 Table A.4 Constants for Bare Module Factor to Be Used in Equation (A.4) (Correlated from Data in Guthrie [1, 2] and Ulrich [3]) Equipment Description Equipment Type B₁ B₂ Heat exchangers Double pipe, multiple pipe, scraped wall, and spiral tube Fixed tube sheet, floating head, U-tube, bayonet, kettle reboiler, and Teflon tube 1.74 1.55 1.63 1.66 Air cooler, spiral plate, and flat plate 0.96 1.21 Process vessels Horizontal 1.49 1.52 Vertical (including towers) 2.25 1.82 Pumps Reciprocating 1.89 1.35 Positive displacement 1.89 1.35 Centrifugal 1.89 1.35 Table A.5 Equations for Bare Module Cost for Equipment Not Covered by Tables A.3 and A.4 Equipment Type Compressors and blowers without drives Drives for compressors and blowers Evaporators and vaporizers Fans with electric drives Fired heaters and furnaces Equation for Bare Module Cost CBM = CFBM CBM = CFBM Power recovery equipment Sieve trays, valve trays, and demister pads Tower packing CBM = COFBMFP = CBM-CFBMFP CBM-CPF BMFPFT Fr is the superheat correction factor for steam boilers (F =1 for other heaters and furnaces) and is given by Fr = 1 + 0.00184AT -0.00000335(A7)² where AT is the amount of superheat in ˚C. CBM = CF BM CBM = CONF BMF where N is the number of trays and F₁, is a quantity factor for trays only given by logo F = 0.4771 +0.08516log 10 N- 0.3473 (log10 N)² for N<20 F₁ CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PLANT COST INDEX (CEPCI) = 1 for N≥20 CBM = CFBM CE Index Equipment Heat exchangers & tanks Process machinery Pipe, valves & fittings Process instruments Pumps & compressors (1957-59 = 100) Jan. '16 Dec. '15 Prelim. Final Jan.'15 Final Annual Index: 2008 575.4 536.5 537.0 573.1 640.5 641.1 694.8 2009 = 521.9 551.7 556.0 636.4 2010 550.8 648.5 649.2 663.5 795.0 791.3 868.9 2011=585.7 379.0 381.2 407.2 2012 = 584.6 979.1 965.0 948.7 2013-5673 a. Please explain the principle of "economy of scale". b. Briefly discuss the difference (cost, reliability, when used) between preliminary estimate (Class 3) and Detailed Estimates (Class 1). c. Please define the "base conditions".

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781259696527

Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P

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Transcribed Image Text:11:16- < Notes September 19, 2024 at 11:09 Table A.1 Equipment Cost Data to Be Used with Equation (A.1) (Continued) - 2001 397 Equipment Type Reactors Equipment Description Autoclave K₁ K₂ K₂ 4.5587 Fermenter 4.1052 Inoculum tank 3.7957 0.2986 0.5320 -0.0005 0.4593 0.0160 0.0020 Capacity, Units Volume, m³ Min Size Max Size 1 15 Volume, m³ 0.1 35 Volume, m³ 0.07 1 Jacketed agitated 4.1052 0.5320 -0.0005 Volume, m³ 0.1 35 Jacketed nonagitated 3.3496 0.7235 0.0025 Volume, m³ 5 45 Mixer/settler 4.7116 0.4479 0.0004 Volume, m³ 0.04 60 Screens DSM 3.8050 0.5856 0.2120 Area, m² 0.3 6 Rotary 4.0485 0.1118 0.3260 Area, m² 0.3 15 Stationary 3.8219 1.0368 -0.6050 Area, m² 2 11 Vibrating 4.0485 0.1118 0.3260 Area, m² 0.3 15 Tanks API-fixed roof 4.8509 -0.3973 0.1445 Volume, m³ 90 30,000 API-floating roof 5.9567 -0.7585 0.1749 Volume, m³ 1000 40,000 Towers Trays Tray and packed 3.4974 0.4485 0.1074 Volume, m³ 0.3 520 Sieve 2.9949 0.4465 0.3961 Area, m² 0.07 12.30 Valve 3.3322 0.4838 0.3434 Area, m² 0.70 10.50 Demisters 3.2353 0.4838 0.3434 Area, m² 0.70 10.50 Turbines Axial gas turbines 2.7051 1.4398 -0.1776 Fluid power, kW 100 4000 Radial gas/liquid expanders 2.2476 1.4965 -0.1618 Fluid power, kW 100 1500 Vaporizers Internal coils/jackets 4.0000 0.4321 0.1700 Volume, m³ 1 100 Jacketed vessels 3.8751 0.3328 0.1901 Volume, m³ 1 100 Table A.4 Constants for Bare Module Factor to Be Used in Equation (A.4) (Correlated from Data in Guthrie [1, 2] and Ulrich [3]) Equipment Description Equipment Type B₁ B₂ Heat exchangers Double pipe, multiple pipe, scraped wall, and spiral tube Fixed tube sheet, floating head, U-tube, bayonet, kettle reboiler, and Teflon tube 1.74 1.55 1.63 1.66 Air cooler, spiral plate, and flat plate 0.96 1.21 Process vessels Horizontal 1.49 1.52 Vertical (including towers) 2.25 1.82 Pumps Reciprocating 1.89 1.35 Positive displacement 1.89 1.35 Centrifugal 1.89 1.35 Table A.5 Equations for Bare Module Cost for Equipment Not Covered by Tables A.3 and A.4 Equipment Type Compressors and blowers without drives Drives for compressors and blowers Evaporators and vaporizers Fans with electric drives Fired heaters and furnaces Equation for Bare Module Cost CBM = CFBM CBM = CFBM Power recovery equipment Sieve trays, valve trays, and demister pads Tower packing CBM = COFBMFP = CBM-CFBMFP CBM-CPF BMFPFT Fr is the superheat correction factor for steam boilers (F =1 for other heaters and furnaces) and is given by Fr = 1 + 0.00184AT -0.00000335(A7)² where AT is the amount of superheat in ˚C. CBM = CF BM CBM = CONF BMF where N is the number of trays and F₁, is a quantity factor for trays only given by logo F = 0.4771 +0.08516log 10 N- 0.3473 (log10 N)² for N<20 F₁ CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PLANT COST INDEX (CEPCI) = 1 for N≥20 CBM = CFBM CE Index Equipment Heat exchangers & tanks Process machinery Pipe, valves & fittings Process instruments Pumps & compressors (1957-59 = 100) Jan. '16 Dec. '15 Prelim. Final Jan.'15 Final Annual Index: 2008 575.4 536.5 537.0 573.1 640.5 641.1 694.8 2009 = 521.9 551.7 556.0 636.4 2010 550.8 648.5 649.2 663.5 795.0 791.3 868.9 2011=585.7 379.0 381.2 407.2 2012 = 584.6 979.1 965.0 948.7 2013-5673