Q4 (2In the process of producing methyl ethyl ketone from butanol, the distillation technique isemployed to isolate the desired product from the unreacted butanol. The feed to the column iscomprised of a mixture containing 0.90 mol fraction MEK, 0.10 mol fraction 2-butanol, and anegligible amount of trichloroethane. The feed rate and temperature are 20 kmol/h and 35 °C,respectively, while the specifications necessitate a top product of 0.99 mol fraction MEK anda bottom product of 0.99 mol fraction butanol. To effectuate this separation, a column designis required that operates under atmospheric pressure with a reflux ratio of 3. In order toaccomplish this, the number of stages needed must first be determined. Additionally, a suitablesieve plate must be designed for conditions below the feed point.

Step 1: Use Fenske equation to determine the minimum number of stages. By substituting the given…

Answered: Q4 (2 In the process of producing…

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781259696527

Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P

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Normal butane is catalytically isomerized to isobutane. A fresh feed stream containing pure n-butane at temperature T, is mixed adiabatically with a recycle stream containing n-butane and isobutane, and the combined stream is fed to the reactor, where some but not all of the n-butane in the feed is converted. The reactor effluent is pumped to a distillation column. The overhead distillation product contains primarily isobutane and a small amount of n-butane. The bottoms product, which also contains both species, is the stream recycled to the reactor. The streams leaving the distillation column are at different temperatures. a) Determine the number of degrees of freedom associated with the feed mixer, the reactor, the distillation column, and the entire process. Include all unknown process stream temperatures and process unit heat duties in your analysis. b) Suppose a single-pass conversion of 35.0% is attained in the reactor, the overhead distillation column product contains 88.5 mole…
______ m
A saturated vapor feed that is 90 %mol maleic anhydride and 10%mol benzoic acid is distilled at 99.8 torr to give a distillate that is 99.5 %mol maleic anhydride and a bottoms that is 0.5 %mol maleic anhydride. How many equilibrium stages are needed using a reflux ratio that is 1.6 times the minimum? The solution is ideal in both vapor and liquid stages. Vapor pressures can be estimated with the following Antoine equations in °C and torr: Maleic anhydride: ?(saturation)= exp (16.6541 − 4.088.12/(T+203.924)) Benzoic acid: ?(saturation)= exp (23.0155 − 9336.97/(T+321.434)
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One of the ways that benzene is produced on a large scale is the hydrodealkylation of toluene. C,H,CH; + H, C,H, + CH4 A stream of toluene is mixed with a recycle stream and enters a reactor along with a stream of pure hydrogen. The reaction products at 550 °C enter a condenser, where they are cooled to 41.0 °C. A vapor stream containing Y5CH, = 0.600 mol CH,/mol leaves the process, and a liquid stream containing x66 = 0.810 mol benzene/mol and x6 = 0.190 mol toluene/mol enters a distillation column. The distillate of the column leaves the process at n7 = 668.0 mol/h and contains y7h = 0.9000 mol benzene/mol and y7 = 0.1000 mol toluene/mol. The bottoms of the column contains X8b = 0.250 mol benzene/mol and xgt = 0.750 mol toluene/mol and is recycled back to the fresh feed. Hydrogen is fed into the process at ni = 1183 mol H,/h. This process is carried out at 760 mmHg. A n, mol/h mol H/mol YSH2 YSCH, mol CH_/mol Ysh mol b/mol Ys mol t/mol n̟ mol/h n, mol/h Condenser Улн, тol H/mol Усн,…
1. In a process for the manufacture of chlorine by direct oxidation of HCI with air over a catalyst to form Cl₂ and H₂O (only), the exit product is composed of HCI (4.4%), Cl₂ (19.8%), H₂O (19.8%), O₂ (4.0%), and N₂ (52.0%). The chemical reaction involved is as follow: 4HC1+02 → 2Cl2 + 2H₂0 Find a) limiting reactant and excess reactant, b) percent excess reactant, c) degree of completion of the reaction, d) extent of reaction
(d) Determine the weight percentage, wt%, of the solid solution and liquid solution of a Cu-Ni alloy with a composition of 21 % Ni 79 % Cu, at a temperature of 1050 °C. Use part of the Thermal Equilibrium Diagram for Copper (Cu)-Nickel (Ni) alloy, as shown in Figure 1. Clearly show all your calculations. Temperature "C Figure 1 Part of the Cu-Ni thermal equilibrium diagram (not to scale) 1050 11 21 29 % Ni
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Aniline is produced by the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. A small amount of cyclohexylamine is produced as a by-product. Nitrobenzene is fed to the reactor as a vapor with three times the required stoichiometric amount of hydrogen. The conversion of nitrobenzene to the products is 96% and the selectivity to aniline is 85%. Unreacted hydrogen is separated from the reaction products and recycled to the reactor. From the recycle line it is purged to keep the inerts in the recycle stream below 5%. The fresh hydrogen that is fed is 99.5% pure and the rest is inert. Calculate the adiabatic outlet temperature of the reaction products and indicate the relationship with respect to the reference temperature (298.15) (in K):
4. At 1084 °C solid copper melts to form a liquid. The phase change can be described as Cu(s) → Cu(t). The density of solid and liquid copper are 8.96 g/cm' and 7.75 g/cm' respectively. The enthalpies of combustion of the solid and liquid are -156.06 kJ/mol and -167.92 kJ/mol respectively. The product of combustion of both the solid and liquid is CuO(s). Calculate the standard enthalpy changes for the fusion process in kJ/mol. Calculate the change in internal energy when the sample is under a pressure of 500 kbar. Cu(s) → Cu(e) Solid copper liquid copper enthalples of combustion 8.96 g/cm3 7.75 g 1cm² said: -156.06 kJ/mol liquid-162.42 kJ/mol
Material and energy balance

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