a) Which phenotype (resistant or susceptible) has lower fitness in the exposed environment? ( b) What do you predict will happen to the number of resistant aphids if farmers stop using the pesticide? Explain your answer (: c) What do you predict will happen to the number of susceptible aphids if farmers keep using the pesticide? d) What type of selection (directional, stabilizing, disruptive) are farmers imposing on the aphids when they spray the pesticide? .

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You are studying the evolution of resistance to pesticides in pea aphids.

Some pea aphids are resistant to the pesticide (solid line) and some are susceptible to the pesticide (dotted line). You compare the fitness of resistant and susceptible aphids in environments with pesticide (exposed) and without pesticide (non-exposed) and produce the graph below:

**Graph Explanation:**

- The y-axis represents "Fitness," ranging from 0 to 1.0.
- The x-axis represents the "Environment," with two conditions: non-exposed and exposed.

The graph shows:
- The **solid line** indicates the fitness of resistant aphids. This line starts lower in the non-exposed environment and increases as it approaches the exposed environment.
- The **dotted line** represents the fitness of susceptible aphids. This line starts higher in the non-exposed environment and decreases as it approaches the exposed environment.

This graph demonstrates the contrasting fitness levels of resistant and susceptible pea aphids under different environmental conditions, highlighting the evolutionary adaptation to pesticide exposure.
Transcribed Image Text:You are studying the evolution of resistance to pesticides in pea aphids. Some pea aphids are resistant to the pesticide (solid line) and some are susceptible to the pesticide (dotted line). You compare the fitness of resistant and susceptible aphids in environments with pesticide (exposed) and without pesticide (non-exposed) and produce the graph below: **Graph Explanation:** - The y-axis represents "Fitness," ranging from 0 to 1.0. - The x-axis represents the "Environment," with two conditions: non-exposed and exposed. The graph shows: - The **solid line** indicates the fitness of resistant aphids. This line starts lower in the non-exposed environment and increases as it approaches the exposed environment. - The **dotted line** represents the fitness of susceptible aphids. This line starts higher in the non-exposed environment and decreases as it approaches the exposed environment. This graph demonstrates the contrasting fitness levels of resistant and susceptible pea aphids under different environmental conditions, highlighting the evolutionary adaptation to pesticide exposure.
**Questions on Aphid Phenotypes and Pesticide Use**

a) Which phenotype (**resistant** or **susceptible**) has lower fitness in the exposed environment? (______).

b) What do you predict will happen to the number of resistant aphids if farmers stop using the pesticide? Explain your answer (______).

c) What do you predict will happen to the number of susceptible aphids if farmers keep using the pesticide? (______).

d) What type of selection (**directional**, **stabilizing**, **disruptive**) are farmers imposing on the aphids when they spray the pesticide? (______).

**Note:** This worksheet aims to help students understand evolution and selection processes in agricultural contexts.
Transcribed Image Text:**Questions on Aphid Phenotypes and Pesticide Use** a) Which phenotype (**resistant** or **susceptible**) has lower fitness in the exposed environment? (______). b) What do you predict will happen to the number of resistant aphids if farmers stop using the pesticide? Explain your answer (______). c) What do you predict will happen to the number of susceptible aphids if farmers keep using the pesticide? (______). d) What type of selection (**directional**, **stabilizing**, **disruptive**) are farmers imposing on the aphids when they spray the pesticide? (______). **Note:** This worksheet aims to help students understand evolution and selection processes in agricultural contexts.
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