A placebo is: [A method used in prospective cohortstudiesA different drug given to persons whohave no disease in the experimentalstudiesA substance given to the experimentalgroup in randomized clinical trialsA substance given to the control groupin randomized clinical trialsIn experimental studies, the controlgroup is: I.The group that is exposed tomedicationsThe group that takes the placeboO The group that is healthyO The group that has disease

First question is regarding, Placebo Another question is regarding control group in exponential…

Answered: A placebo is: [ A method used in…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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A comparison between species: Biologists wish to compare the prevalence of a genetic mutation across two species of Neema Toads. In a sample of 6 Neema Toads of Species I, 0.8% had the mutation while in a sample of 14 Neema Toads of Species II, 0.7% showed the mutation. Is there significant evidence to suggest a difference in the prevalence of the mutation across the two species? Conduct a hypothesis test at a significance level of α=0.01α=0.01.a) The hypotheses for this test are: H0: pI - pII = 0Ha: pI - pII ≠ 0 H0: pI - pII = 0Ha: pI - pII < 0 H0: pII = 0.008Ha: pII ≠ 0.008 H0: pI - pII = 0Ha: pI - pII > 0 What is the test statistic for this test?test statistic = (Report answer accurate to 2 decimal places.)What is the p-value for this test?p-value = (Report answer accurate to 4 decimal places.)The decision reached is Fail to reject H0 Reject H0 and accept Ha As such, the final conclusion is that The prevalence of the mutation is the same for both species. There is…
D? please and thank you
Impact of College Roommates on Grades In this exercise, we investigate answers to the questions: How much of an effect does your roommate have on your grades? In particular, does it matter whether your roommate brings a videogame to college? A study was conducted involving n = 210 first-year students who were randomly assigned a roommate. Table 1 gives summary statistics on grade point average (GPA) for the first semester depending on whether the student and/or the roommate brought a videogame to campus. Student brought videogame No The 90% confidence interval is i Yes No Yes Roommate brought videogame No No Yes Yes Sample size Mean GPA 88 44 38 40 3.128 ! to i 3.039 2.932 2.754 St. Dev. 0.590 0.689 0.699 Table 1 Videogames and GPA Considering only students who do not bring a videogame to campus, find a 90% confidence interval for the difference in mean GPA between students whose roommate does not bring a videogame and those whose roommate does bring a videogame μN - μy, where μN…
Infections in Childbirth The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducted a randomized trial in South Africa designed to test the effectiveness of an inexpensive wipe to be used during childbirth to prevent infections.68 Half of the mothers were randomly assigned to have their birth canal wiped with a wipe treated with a drug called chlorohexidine before giving birth, and the other half to get wiped with a sterile wipe (a placebo). The response variable is whether or not the newborns develop an infection. The CDC hopes to find out whether there is evidence that babies delivered by the women getting the treated wipe are less likely to develop an infection. (a) Define the relevant parameter(s) and state the null and alternative hypotheses. (b) What is/are the sample statistic(s) to be used to test this claim? (c) If the results are statistically significant, what would that imply about the wipes and infections? (d) If the results are not…
Impact of College Roommates on Grades In this exercise, we investigate answers to the questions: How much of an effect does your roommate have on your grades? In particular, does it matter whether your roommate brings a videogame to college? A study was conducted involving n = 210 first-year students who were randomly assigned a roommate. Table 1 gives summary statistics on grade point average (GPA) for the first semester depending on whether the student and/or the roommate brought a videogame to campus. Student brought videogame No Yes No Yes Roommate brought videogame No No Yes Yes Sample size 88 44 38 40 Mean GPA 3.128 3.039 2.932 2.754 Table 1 Videogames and GPA St. Dev. 0.590 0.689 0.699 0.639 Considering only students whose roommate does not bring a videogame to campus, find a 99% confidence interval for the difference in mean GPA between students who bring a videogame and those who do not bring a videogame μN - My, where μ represents the mean GPA for students who do not bring a…
Aspirin and Cardiovascular Disease. In the article by P. Ridker et al. titled “A Randomized Trial of Low-dose Aspirin in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease inWomen” (New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 352, pp. 1293–1304), the researchers noted that “We randomly assigned 39,876 initially healthy women 45 years of age or older to receive 100 mg of aspirin or placebo on alternate days and then monitored them for 10 years for a first major cardiovascular event (i.e., nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes).”
Drug Trial ProblemClinical trials for a drug was conducted using a treatment group and a placebo group. The results are shown in the table below. Treatment Placebo μ μ₁ μ₂ n 33 38 x̄ 2.31 2.87 s 0.85 0.71 Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the two samples are from populations with different means. State the claim, null, and alternative hypothesis. Claim: μ1 μ2 HO: μ1 μ2 H1: μ1 μ2
Migraine and Acupuncture: A migraine is a particularly painful type of headache, which patients sometimes wish to treat with acupuncture. To determine whether acupuncture relieves migraine pain, researchers conducted a randomized controlled study where 152 patients diagnosed with migraine headaches were randomly assigned to one of two groups: treatment or control. 64 patients in the treatment group received acupuncture that is specifically designed to treat migraines. 88 patients in the control group received placebo acupuncture (needle insertion at non-acupoint locations). 24 hours after patients received acupuncture, they were asked if they were pain free. Results are summarized in the contingency table below. Test to see if migraine pain relief is dependent on receiving acupuncture. Use α = 0.1. Pain Free: Yes Pain Free: No Total Treatment 16 48 64 Control 6 82 88 Total 22 130 152 b) Fill in the expected values, round answers to at least 2 decimal places. Expected…

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