The epidemiological, clinical, and bacteriological aspects of shigellosis were studied in a population of hospitalized children in northern Israel. Shigellosis invades epithelial cells of the colon and causes inflammation a severe cases of diarrhea and dysentery. Below is a table that lists the frequencies of two different species of Shigella: S. sonnei and S. Flexneri between hospitalized and non-hospitalized Jews and Arabs. a) Combine hospitalized and non-hospitalized children, what is the overall prevalence of:
Contingency Table
A contingency table can be defined as the visual representation of the relationship between two or more categorical variables that can be evaluated and registered. It is a categorical version of the scatterplot, which is used to investigate the linear relationship between two variables. A contingency table is indeed a type of frequency distribution table that displays two variables at the same time.
Binomial Distribution
Binomial is an algebraic expression of the sum or the difference of two terms. Before knowing about binomial distribution, we must know about the binomial theorem.
The epidemiological, clinical, and bacteriological aspects of shigellosis were studied in a population of hospitalized children in northern Israel. Shigellosis invades epithelial cells of the colon and causes inflammation a severe cases of diarrhea and dysentery.
Below is a table that lists the frequencies of two different species of Shigella: S. sonnei and S. Flexneri between hospitalized and non-hospitalized Jews and Arabs.
a) Combine hospitalized and non-hospitalized children, what is the overall prevalence of:
- sonnei among Jewish children: ____________________________
- sonnei among Arab children: ____________________________
- Flexneri among Jewish children: ____________________________
- Flexneri among Arab children: ____________________________
b) Calculate a 95% confidence interval for the population difference in prevalence of S. Flexneri between hospitalized Jewish children and hospitalized Arab children. Briefly interpret the confidence interval.
c) Conduct the appropriate hypothesis test to determine whether there is a difference in the population prevalence of S. Flexneri among hospitalized Jewish children compared to hospitalized Arab children.
H0: ________________________________
H1: ________________________________
Test Statistic:
Calculate the p-value:
Conclusion in context of the study:
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