A linear DNA molecule was cut with the restriction enzymes EcoRI and BamHI, and the DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis, as shown below. Sizes of the restriction fragments are shown on the left in kilobases (kb). kb EcoRI BamHI 4 3 2 1

Q: Q6) Why are ‘sticky ends’ useful biotechnologically? Q7) Why is this enzyme called a restriction…

A: When restriction enzymes cut between two bases on the same strand at one end of the sequence and two…

Q: O c) Frameshift mutation

A:

Q: 5. a) Briefly explain three advantages that CRISPR has over earlier methods of genetic manipulation…

A: Introduction:- Genome editing is an extremely strong tool that can help you answer a wide range of…

Q: 1) Which of the following are referred to as retrotransposons? a) VNTRS b) SINES c) LINES d) STRS 2)…

A: As per our honor code, we are authorized to answer only one question at a moment. So, we are…

Q: My Avya mouse is brownish because a) the CpG island with the transposon is unmethylated. b) it was…

A: Epigenetic systems that facilitate gene-environment interactions are involved in the ability of…

Q: What are the main components needed for electrophoresis? a) A power source b) A gel matrix c) A…

A: 1.  Option e is the correct answer All of the above are required for electrophoresis.

Q: REPLICATION TRANSCRIPTION a) Origin of Replication a) Origin of Replication b) Promoter TRANSLATION…

A: For replication, origin of replication is important where replication machinery will form and start…

Q: Usually, bacteria only make tryptophan when tryptophan is absent or available in low concentration.…

A: Normally, bacteria regulate the synthesis of tryptophan through the trp operon. When tryptophan…

Q: 6 - Restriction enzymes are used to Amplify the gene of interest D) O Ligase vector and gene of…

A: The restriction enzymes or restriction endonucleases are enzymes that cleave double-stranded DNA…

Q: 7- The main difference between CDNA and genomic DNA libraries is a) The presence of transcribed and…

A: The term genomic DNA refers to the DNA that resides in the chromosome within the nucleus that has…

Q: Short tandem repeat sequences (STRs) are a) used for DNA profiles b) repeat sequences present in…

A: STRs  ( short tandem repeat sequences) analysis is used as a method in molecular biology to compare…

Q: and they/ it start(s) from the mRNA 4-Some/ one application(s) for DNA are/ is Therefore, the…

A: Single-stranded RNAs of the type known as messenger RNA, or mRNA, are used to make proteins. mRNA is…

Q: Recombinant DNA construction involvesa) Cleaving DNA with restriction endonuclease and joining with…

A: Genetic engineering is the branch of biological science that can input alteration of DNA in an…

Q: The polymerase chain reaction uses Taq polymerase rather than a DNA polymerase from E. coli, because…

A: Taq polymerase is use to amply the DNA in polymerase chain reaction

Q: 32. The CRISPR-Cas system helps some prokaryotes defend against the phage! Which of the following…

A: CRISPER stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats the enzyme used is…

Q: Select the sequences that would be recognized by a restriction enzyme? (There can be more than one…

A: Restriction enzymes are a group of enzymes that can cut double-stranded DNA. They are endonucleases…

Q: In a sequencing reaction, the dATP was left out of the tube.What would be the result of this…

A: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique broadly used to quickly make millions to billions of…

Q: To make the recombinant plasmid permeable to DNA molecules, which of the chemicals is added?a)…

A: The correct option is  CaCl2 (b) CaCl2 is the chemical which is added to prevent degradation of the…

Q: DNA Ligase, used in recombinant DNA technology is obtained froma) E.coli onlyb) E.coli and also…

A: Recombinant DNA  (rDNA) technology:  It’s a process in which we genetically modify or alter the…

Q: We have two specific strains of E. coli that have shown horizontal gene transfer (HGT) when mixed.…

A: Introduction The non-sexual flow of genetic information between genomes is known as horizontal gene…

Q: Which of the following is most relevant to the term "hybridization"? a) base pairing b) nuclease c)…

A: Hybridization is to combine two substances to make a hybrid. In molecular biology, Hybridization is…

Q: The same DNA sequence may code for more than one polypeptide. Which one of the following is not used…

A: The pre-mRNA undergoes various rounds of processing so that it is ready for translation into a…

Q: A DNA library is aa) A DNA fragment inserted into a vector.b) A general collection of all genes…

A: The cDNA is called the complementary DNA and is synthesized from the single-stranded RNA or mRNA or…

Q: 13. An investigator is studying epigenetic markers in patients with retinoblastoma. It is most…

A: Retinoblastoma is a form of cancer that develops in the retina of the eye. It is rare and life…

Q: the nucleotide excision repair system can undo damaging caused by UV radiation? a) cataracts in…

A: When many proteins and RNAs are damaged, they will be degraded and sugars, are metabolized in order…

Q: From where do we get primers for sequencing DNA? A) they are synthesized by reverse transcriptase…

A: Primer is a short piece of ribonucleic acid sequence that provides a starting point for DNA…

Q: Double-stranded RNA viruses, use the following polymerase for genome synthesis:   A)  viral…

A: Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses utilize viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) for genome…

Q: Which of the following are unique to RNA polymerase and not found in RDRP? (In other words not…

A: DNA template- Rna polymerase requires a DNA template and unique to RNA polymerase

Q: Where is the F plasmid located in an Hfr cell? Where is the F plasmid located in an F+ cell?

A: Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that differ from multicellular organisms in composition…

Q: 22.Identify the single most correct answer: (a) Ames assay (test) can be used to identify…

A: Viruses viruses are the organisms that lack their own cell machinery and so are non-living unless…

Q: Which is an indicator that all transposable elements have a mechanism for insertion? A) Transposable…

A: Transposable elements or Transposons are the genetic elements which can move from one position to…

Q: Site directed mutagenesis facilitated research ona) Carbohydratesb) Proteinsc) Lipidsd) Fats

A: Site-directed mutagenesis is a technique of molecular biology that involves the induction of…

Q: The work ‘Hybridization’ in DNA finger printing meansa) Pairing between the nucleotides of DNA…

A: DNA fingerprint is by using the DNA sequence identifies individual a person is called DNA finger…

Q: 16. Which of the following methods may introduce foreign DNA into a recipient? A) transduction B)…

A: A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's…

Q: Using the information provided below, which of the individuals A and B have: i) Genotypic change i)…

A: DNA is made up of four nucleotides A, T, C and G. Mutation is the change in the genetic sequence or…

Q: Choose two genes from Figure 4.6 and draw a graph to represent the change in transcription over…

A: Transcription:  All the necessary information required to make proteins is stored n the nucleotide…

Q: double-stranded length of DNA is exposed to a restriction enzyme.  The enzyme finds 3 recognition…

A: Restriction enzymes Restriction enzymes are the specific enzymes that cleave the DNA in very…

Q: An example of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase isa) Reverse transcriptaseb) DNA ligasec) RNA polymerase…

A: Polymerases are the enzymes involved in the synthesis of nucleic acids. They can be DNA-dependent or…

Q: Please provide explanation for each step

A: The objective of the question is to identify the DNA sequence that is palindromic when…

Q: Synthesis of new bacteriophages in a bacterial host involves the use of   a.) Host cell encoded…

A: Phages that only infect bacteria are known as bacteriophages. Phage are available in a wide range of…

Q: 8. A mutant that has a nutritional requirement for growth is an example of a(n) A) heterotroph B)…

A: Mutation in biology is a change in the extrachromosomal genetic material, the virus, or the…

Q: Which of the following is a sequence at which a restriction enzyme would cut? A)  5'AAGCAA3' B)…

A: "Restriction enzymes" are enzymatic proteins that bacteria generate in order to protect themselves…

Q: What is Mutation 2? a) Synonymous b) Read through c) Nonsynonymous d) Nonsense Mutation 2 ATA…

A: Mutations are sudden heritable change in the DNA sequence that alters the amino acids and then the…

Q: How does the process of transcription differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? a) Prokaryotes have…

A: Transcription: Transcription is the process by which genetic information encoded in DNA is copied…

Q: particular animal virus requires the use of DNA polymerase from its host, since it does not possess…

A: A virus is a pathogenic microorganism that is found everywhere on earth. Viruses cause infection in…

Q: What is the role of the liquid detergent used in the experiment?  a) It allows the DNA to unwind.…

A: DNA extraction is defined as the method or technique used for isolating the DNA from the nucleus of…

Q: Results from a Kirby Bauer antibiotic assay on a Gram-negative bacterial culture are described as…

A: Intrinsic resistance can be described as "it is a natural resistance property, which is derived…

Genome annotation

The technique of linking biological information to genome sequences is termed genome annotation. Gene annotation is the method of identifying gene locations and coding sections. It helps us understand what these genes are doing in the body through establishing structural characteristics and linking them to the actions of various proteins.