9. (a) Label each nitrogenous base in the double strand of DNA in Figure 4. -CH₂ 0 NEL P-C₂. H (a) -CH₂-P 0 0 -C₁₁ H- (b) -CH₂-P 5' 0 (c) PCH₂CH₂ H 3' Ţ" T 0 -CH₂- 0 ₂-P-G₂ H (d) 0 CH₂ 3' PCH₂ Figure 4 (b) Figure 4 above shows a phosphodiester bond. Explain what this is. H
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
The tendency for DNA sequences that are close to one another on a chromosome to be passed down together during the meiosis stage of sexual reproduction is known as genetic linkage. Physical proximity between two genetic markers makes it less likely for them to be split up onto different chromatids during chromosomal crossover, and as a result, they are said to be more linked than markers that are physically far apart.
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