8. The human diet includes "non-digestible" polysaccharides, or fiber, that can actually bedigested by enzymes produced by intestinal microorganisms. The abbreviated structureof a plant polysaccharide from lettuce is shown below. How many different hydrolasesare required to convert this polysaccharide to monosaccharides?L-Fucα(1-2)IGalß(1-2) Galß(1-2)Xyla(1-6) Xyla(1-6) Xyla(1-6)Glcß(1-4)-Glcß(1-4)-Glcß(1-4)-Glcß(1-4)-21

Hydrolases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of chemical bonds through the…

Answered: 8. The human diet includes…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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5. Shown below are the first steps in the mechanism of a cysteine protease, which catalyses amide bond hydrolysis in a similar manner as serine proteases. (a) Complete this mechanisms, and (b) sketch the approximate reaction coordinate diagram for this catalyzed reaction relative to the uncatalyzed proteolysis. HN N HN cysteine protease
40. Propose that all three carbon atoms in glycerol is labeled with 14C. The labeled glycerol is allowed to undergo metabolism in the genetically modified liver cell, in which the triose phosphate isomerase is no longer functioning. Which of the following are most likely to be true? A. All three carbon atoms in pyruvate can be labeled with radioisotope in the genetically modified liver cell B. All six carbon atoms in glucose can be labeled with radioisotope in the genetically modified liver cell C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B
1. What are the steps that Aconitase facilitates in changing Citrate to Isocitrate? 2. What does the residue Histidene 101 do as Aconitase catalyzes the change of Citrate to Cis-aconitate ? 3. What does the residue Serine 642 do as Aconitase catalyzes the change of Citrate to Cis-aconitate
6. Draw the products that would be produced from phospholipase C cleavage of a glycerophospholipid with a phosphoserine head group, an alpha linoleic acid attached to C_{2} of glycerol and a linoleic acid attached to C_{3} of glycerol. Draw these products at pH = 1 . Be sure to number the fatty acid carbons in your products.
Number 8
Number 6
Can you please help solve this problem?
Cysteine proteases are enzymes that degrade proteins. You may have heard of some examples of these types of proteins before! Bromelain is an enzyme found in pineapple that is commonly used as a meat tenderizer and is the reason Jell-O with fresh pineapple will not solidify. Cysteine proteases are remarkably similar to serine proteases (like chymotrypsin), except they have a cysteine in their active site rather than a serine. Using the mechanism that we discussed for serine proteases, draw a corresponding mechanism for a cysteine protease cleaving the bond between an alanine-glycine dipeptide. Note that cysteine proteases do not require an aspartate in their active site. Also note that the cysteine is usually in its thiolate form (deprotonated) and the histidine is in its imidazolium form (fully protonated) in the resting state of the enzyme.
4) Suppose some yeast cells undergoing gluconeogenesis were treated with a 1:1 mixture of the two labeled pyruvate molecules shown below (one pyruvate is labeled with ¹4C at C1 and ¹³C at C3; the other pyruvate is labeled with ¹4C at C3 and ¹3C at C2. Assume that the labeled pyruvate molecules are the only source of carbon to make glucose via gluconeogenesis. Draw the resulting mixture of glucose molecules and clearly show the location of ¹4C and/or ¹³℃ in each glucose. 13CH3 14CH3 13C

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