8. Agricultural export subsidies in a small nation The following graph shows the market for wheat in Canada, where Dc is the demand curve, Sc is the supply curve, and Pw is the free trade price of wheat. Assume that Canada is a relatively small producer of wheat, so changes in its output do not affect the world price of wheat. Also assume that Canada is currently open to free trade, and domestic consumers are able to purchase wheat at the world price with negligible transportation costs. Suppose a subsidy of $40 per ton is granted to exporters in Canada, allowing them to sell their products abroad at prices below their costs. Assume that trade restrictions are also put in place in order to prevent domestic consumers from buying wheat abroad at the world price. Use the grey line(star symbols) to indicate the world price of wheat plus the subsidy on the following graph. Then use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the price of wheat in Canada and the quantity demanded at that price. Finally, use the tan point (dash symbol) to indicate the price of wheat received by Canadian producers with the subsidy and the quantity of wheat they will supply at that price. ? PRICE (Dollars per ton) 400 360 320 280 240 200 160 120 80 40 0 0 DC 150 300 P. W Sc 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 QUANTITY (Tons) Pw+ Subsidy + Qin Canada Qin Canada Loss in CS Gain in PS Export subsidies result in a welfare loss to the home country due to the protective and consumption effects. In order to determine the magnitude of these effects, you must compare the change in consumer and producers surplus against the cost of the subsidy. On the previous graph, use the green quadrilateral (triangle symbols) to indicate the loss in consumer surplus due to the export subsidy. Then use the
8. Agricultural export subsidies in a small nation The following graph shows the market for wheat in Canada, where Dc is the demand curve, Sc is the supply curve, and Pw is the free trade price of wheat. Assume that Canada is a relatively small producer of wheat, so changes in its output do not affect the world price of wheat. Also assume that Canada is currently open to free trade, and domestic consumers are able to purchase wheat at the world price with negligible transportation costs. Suppose a subsidy of $40 per ton is granted to exporters in Canada, allowing them to sell their products abroad at prices below their costs. Assume that trade restrictions are also put in place in order to prevent domestic consumers from buying wheat abroad at the world price. Use the grey line(star symbols) to indicate the world price of wheat plus the subsidy on the following graph. Then use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the price of wheat in Canada and the quantity demanded at that price. Finally, use the tan point (dash symbol) to indicate the price of wheat received by Canadian producers with the subsidy and the quantity of wheat they will supply at that price. ? PRICE (Dollars per ton) 400 360 320 280 240 200 160 120 80 40 0 0 DC 150 300 P. W Sc 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 QUANTITY (Tons) Pw+ Subsidy + Qin Canada Qin Canada Loss in CS Gain in PS Export subsidies result in a welfare loss to the home country due to the protective and consumption effects. In order to determine the magnitude of these effects, you must compare the change in consumer and producers surplus against the cost of the subsidy. On the previous graph, use the green quadrilateral (triangle symbols) to indicate the loss in consumer surplus due to the export subsidy. Then use the
Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
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Transcribed Image Text:8. Agricultural export subsidies in a small nation
The following graph shows the market for wheat in Canada, where Dc is the demand curve, Sc is the supply curve, and Pw is the free trade price of
wheat. Assume that Canada is a relatively small producer of wheat, so changes in its output do not affect the world price of wheat. Also assume that
Canada is currently open to free trade, and domestic consumers are able to purchase wheat at the world price with negligible transportation costs.
Suppose a subsidy of $40 per ton is granted to exporters in Canada, allowing them to sell their products abroad at prices below their costs. Assume
that trade restrictions are also put in place in order to prevent domestic consumers from buying wheat abroad at the world price.
Use the grey line (star symbols) to indicate the world price of wheat plus the subsidy on the following graph. Then use the black point (plus symbol) to
indicate the price of wheat in Canada and the quantity demanded at that price. Finally, use the tan point (dash symbol) to indicate the price of wheat
received by Canadian producers with the subsidy and the quantity of wheat they will supply at that price.
PRICE (Dollars per ton)
400
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
0
0
DC
150 300
P.
Sc
450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500
QUANTITY (Tons)
The taxpayer cost of the export subsidy equals $
Pw+ Subsidy
W
+
Qin Canada
Q in Canada
Loss in CS
Gain in PS
?
Export subsidies result in a welfare loss to the home country due to the protective and consumption effects. In order to determine the magnitude of
these effects, you must compare the change in consumer and producers surplus against the cost of the subsidy.
On the previous graph, use the green quadrilateral (triangle symbols) to indicate the loss in consumer surplus due to the export subsidy. Then use the
purple quadrilateral (diamond symbols) to indicate the gain in producer surplus as a result of the export subsidy.
Using all of the previous information, compute the value of deadweight loss in Canada as a result of the export subsidy.
Deadweight Loss = Loss in Consumer Surplus + Cost of Subsidy - Gain in Producer Surplus
= $
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