b. The arguments for restricting trade Suppose there is a policy debate over whether the United States should impose trade restrictions on imported tires: The president of the United States argues that the government should impose a tariff on tires because they are a necessary input into the production of various weapons. Free trade would make the United States overly dependent on foreign countries for the supply of tires. In case of a war, the United States might not be able to make or purchase enough tires and, therefore, would not be able to make enough weapons to defend itself. Which of the following justifications is the president using to argue for the trade restriction on tires? O Jobs and income argument O Infant-industry argument OUsing-protection-as-a-bargaining-chip argument O Unfair-competition argument O National-defense argument

b. The arguments for restricting trade Suppose there is a policy debate over whether the United States should impose trade restrictions on imported tires: The president of the United States argues that the government should impose a tariff on tires because they are a necessary input into the production of various weapons. Free trade would make the United States overly dependent on foreign countries for the supply of tires. In case of a war, the United States might not be able to make or purchase enough tires and, therefore, would not be able to make enough weapons to defend itself. Which of the following justifications is the president using to argue for the trade restriction on tires? O Jobs and income argument O Infant-industry argument OUsing-protection-as-a-bargaining-chip argument O Unfair-competition argument O National-defense argument

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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How does the tariff affect (i) the consumer surplus, (ii) the producer surplus, and (iii) government's revenue on the market where the import tariff is applied? Briefly explain your result. Assume a country that is small and does not affect the world market implements an import tariff. How does the tariff affect the overall welfare of the country?
The U.S. is an importer of ethanol, and let’s assume they are a price-taker in the world market. Suppose that a technological advance in ethanol production in Brazil, the world’s largest exporter, drives down the world price of ethanol by $5. Draw a graph and explain how this change in world price affects consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus in the U.S. market. Now suppose the U.S. government institutes an import tariff of $5 in response to the fall in the world price. On your graph label the revenue raised by the tariff and the deadweight loss created (if it exists). Who is likely to support this policy? Suppose that the fall in price is attributable not to a technological advance but to a subsidy from the Brazilian government to Brazilian ethanol producers. How would this affect your analysis?
Assume Australia is an importer of sofas and there are no trade restrictions. Australian consumers buy 1 000 000 sofas per year, of which 450 000 are produced domestically and 550 000 are imported.a Suppose that a technological advance among Swedish sofa manufacturers causes the world price of sofas to fall by $200. Draw a graph to show how this change affects the welfare of Australian consumers and Australian producers, and how it affects total surplus in Australia.b After the fall in price, Australian consumers buy 1 150 000 sofas, of which 300 000 are produced domestically and 850 000 are imported. Calculate the change in consumer surplus, producer surplus and total surplus from the price reduction.c If the government responded by putting a $200 tariff on imported sofas, what would this do? Calculate the revenue that would be raised and the deadweight loss. Would it be a good policy from the standpoint of Australian welfare? Who might support the policy?d Suppose that the fall in…
4. Effects of a tariff on international trade The following graph shows the domestic demand for and supply of limes in Guatemala. The world price (Pw) of limes is $790 per ton and is displayed as a horizontal black line. Throughout the question, assume that all countries under consideration are small, that is, the amount demanded by any one country does not affect the world price of limes and that there are no transportation or transaction costs associated with international trade in limes. Also, assume that domestic suppliers will satisfy domestic demand as much as possible before any exporting or importing takes place. PRICE (Dollars per ton) 1110 1070 1030 990 950 910 870 830 790 750 710 0 Domestic Demand 40 25 1 1 80 Domestic Supply 120 160 200 240 280 QUANTITY (Tons of limes) I 1 Pw 320 380 400 (?)
4. Tariffs Suppose Kenya is open to free trade in the world market for wheat. Because of Kenya's small size, the demand for and supply of wheat in Kenya do not affect the world price. The following graph shows the domestic wheat market in Kenya. The world price of wheat is Pw =$250 per ton. On the following graph, use the green triangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing consumer surplus (CS) when the economy is at the free-trade equilibrium. Then, use the purple triangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing producer surplus (PS). 490 Domestic Demand Domestic Supply 460 CS 430 400 370 PS 340 310 280 250 220 190 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons of wheat) If Kenya allows international trade in the market for wheat, it will import tons of wheat. Now suppose the Kenyan government decides to impose a tariff of $60 on each imported ton of wheat. After the tariff, the price Kenyan consumers pay for a ton of wheat is $ and Kenya will import tons…
Because Zambia participates in international trade in the market for soybeans, it will import tons of soybeans. Now suppose the Zambian government decides to impose a tariff of $10 on each imported ton of soybeans. Under the tariff, the price Zambian consumers pay for a ton of soybeans becomes , and Zambia will import tons of soybeans. Use the following graph to show the effects of the $10 tariff
4. Effects of a tariff on international trade The following graph shows the domestic demand for and supply of oranges in Honduras. The world price (Pw) of oranges is $535 per ton and is displayed as a horizontal black line. Throughout the question, assume that all countries under consideration are small, that is, the amount demanded by any one country does not affect the world price of oranges and that there are no transportation or transaction costs associated with international trade in oranges. Also, assume that domestic suppliers will satisfy domestic demand as much as possible before any exporting or importing takes place. Domestic Demand 775 735 X 695 655 615 535 + 895 PRICE (Dollars per ton) 855 815 575 495 Domestic Supply 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 QUANTITY (Tons of oranges) PW A tariff set at this level would raise ? If Honduras is open to international trade in oranges without any restrictions, it will import Suppose the Honduran government wants to reduce…
Tariffs can help or hurt the economy explain the Hawley-Smoot Act with this in mind.
2 Using the graph, assume that the government imposes a $1 tariff on solar panels. Answer the following questions given this information. Price $13 65 8 Domestic Supply $1.00 Tariff World Price Domestic Demand о 30 40 60 84 96 Quantity a. What is the domestic price and quantity demanded of solar panels after the tariff is imposed? b. What is the quantity of solar panels imported before the tariff? c. What is the quantity of solar panels imported after the tariff? d. What would be the amount of consumer surplus before the tariff? e. What would be the amount of consumer surplus after the tariff? f. What would be the amount of producer surplus before the tariff? g. What would be the amount of producer surplus after the tariff? h. What would be the amount of government revenue because of the tariff? i. What would be the total amount of deadweight loss due to the tariff?
Tricky question. Consider the diagram below, depicting the United States Market for Airplanes (hundreds of jets on the horizontal axis, and millions of dollars on the vertical axis). Suppose around the world, a 2 (million dollar) tariff is placed on United States Airplanes. What will exports of planes now be (round to one significant digit). Tricky question. Consider the diagram below, depicting the United States Market for Airplanes (hundreds of jets on the horizontal axis, and millions of dollars on the vertical axis). Suppose around the world, a 2 (million dollar) tariff is placed on United States Airplanes. Given exports, about how much will United States producers of airplanes wind up paying in tariffs?