2. The arguments for restricting tradeSuppose there is a policy debate over whether the United States should impose trade restrictions on imported ball bearings:The president of the United States explains that it is necessary to impose trade restrictions, such as a tariff, on the ball-bearing industryto protect workers in the domestic ball-bearing industry. The president claims that without trade protection, there will be layoffs, causingmany U.S. workers in the ball-bearing industry to be unemployed.Which of the following justifications is the president using to argue for the trade restriction on ball bearings?Infant industry argumentO Cheap foreign labor argumentNational security argumentEmployment argument

The justification the president is using to argue for the trade restriction on ball bearings is the…

Answered: 2. The arguments for restricting trade…

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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7. A graphical comparison of tariffs and quotas Borzia and Ardon are small countries that protect their economic growth from rapidly advancing globalization by limiting the import of rugs to 20 million. To this end, each country imposes a different type of trade barrier when the world price (Pw) is $2,000. In Borzia, the government decides to impose a tariff of $3,000 per rug; in Ardon, the government implements a quota of 20 million rugs. Assume that Borzia and Ardon have identical domestic demand (Do) and supply (S) curves for rugs as shown on the following graph. Under these conditions, the price of rugs is $5,000 per rug in each country. PRICE (Dollars per rug) 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Do D₁ X 0 P... 10 20 30 50 60 70 80 40 QUANTITY (Millions of rugs) 90 S 100 (?)
2. Assume that Sweden and Norway currently producing and consuming soybeans and coffee. The following table 1 shows the prices of soybeans and coffee for both nations. Table 1: Prices of soybean and coffee Price (per carton) Soybeans (S) Coffee ($) Sweden Norway 64 85 71 82 Based on relative price of coffee, can Norway gain by exporting soybeans? If no, what commodity Norway should export? Briefly explain this scenario by using an appropriate diagram.
7. For many years, various groups have accused China of "dumping" exports onto the US market. That is, they claim that the Chinese government subsidizes Chinese exporting firms to allow them to sell at lower prices than US firms and/or lower than sellers from other countries. Some trade policy analysts argue that the US is harmed by this dumping behavior and that the US should impose restrictions on imports from China. Use a supply and demand diagram to assess this argument. Do you agree with the argument made and policy prescribed by the trade analysts?
6. The arguments for restricting trade Suppose there is a policy debate regarding the United States' Imposing trade restrictions on Imported semiconductors. Read the following scenario and answer the question that follows. A senator from a state with several semiconductor factories argues that the United States should threaten to impose a tariff on Chinese semiconductors in order to induce the Chinese to remove its tariff on American cars. Which of the following justifications is the senator using to argue for the trade restriction on semiconductors? O Jobs argument O National-security argument O Unfair-competition argument O Using-protection-as-a-bargaining-chip argument O Infant-industry argument
In the past 20 years the United States has entered into several "free trade agreements." The commonality of these free trade agreement has been making it easier for foreign companies to sell their goods in the United States (imports) and for American companies to sell their goods overseas (exports) What are the key points of specific trade agreement the United States has entered into in the last 25 years? And what other countries are involved and what kinds of trade restrictions and/or tariffs were changed as a result of that agreement.
6. The arguments for restricting trade Suppose there is a policy debate over whether the United States should impose trade restrictions on imported tires: The president of the United States argues that the government should impose a tariff on tires because they are a necessary input into the production of various weapons. Free trade would make the United States overly dependent on foreign countries for the supply of tires. In case of a war, the United States might not be able to make or purchase enough tires and, therefore, would not be able to make enough weapons to defend itself. Which of the following justifications is the president using to argue for the trade restriction on tires? Jobs and income argument Infant-industry argument OUsing-protection-as-a-bargaining-chip argument O Unfair-competition argument National-defense argument
4. Tariffs Suppose Kenya is open to free trade in the world market for wheat. Because of Kenya's small size, the demand for and supply of wheat in Kenya do not affect the world price. The following graph shows the domestic wheat market in Kenya. The world price of wheat is Pw =$250 per ton. On the following graph, use the green triangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing consumer surplus (CS) when the economy is at the free-trade equilibrium. Then, use the purple triangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing producer surplus (PS). 490 Domestic Demand Domestic Supply 460 CS 430 400 370 PS 340 310 280 250 220 190 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons of wheat) If Kenya allows international trade in the market for wheat, it will import tons of wheat. Now suppose the Kenyan government decides to impose a tariff of $60 on each imported ton of wheat. After the tariff, the price Kenyan consumers pay for a ton of wheat is $ and Kenya will import tons…
Q.2 Given the Equilibrium relative price Nation 1 Pa Pa 1 Nation 2 60 PA 4 Pr 2 50 - 40 30 P 20 PA 10 01 10 20 30 40 50 60 FIGURE 4.5 Equilibrium-Relative Commodity Price with Trade. Using a graph of offer curves, for each of the following, identify the effect of the change listes relative price of good X and on exports of good X by Nation 1. a. The supply ofY increases in Nation 2. 6. The demand for X decreases in Nation 1.
Tariffs can help or hurt the economy explain the Hawley-Smoot Act with this in mind.
4. Effects of a tariff on international trade The following graph shows the domestic supply of and demand for maize in Burundi. Burundi is open to international trade of maize without any restrictions. The world price (Pw) of maize is $260 per ton and is represented by the horizontal black line. Throughout this problem, assume that the amount demanded by any one country does not affect the world price of maize and that there are no transportation or transaction costs associated with international trade in maize. Also, assume that domestic suppliers will satisfy domestic demand as much as possible before any exporting or importing takes place. Use the graph input tool to help you answer the following questions. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly. PRICE (Dollars per ton) 530 500 Graph Input Tool Market for Maize in Burundi Supply…
2. According to the graph, answer the following questions about Pencil Sharpeners. Price of Pencil Sharpeners $24 16 12 4 Domestic Supply World Price Domestic Demand 0 200 300 450 Quantity of Pencil Sharpeners a. What is the equilibrium price of Pencil Sharpeners before trade? b. What is the equilibrium quantity of Pencil Sharpeners before trade? c. What is the price of Pencil Sharpeners after trade is allowed? d. What is the quantity of Pencil Sharpeners exported? e. What is the amount of consumer surplus before trade? f. What is the amount of consumer surplus after trade? g. What is the amount of producer surplus before trade? h. What is the amount of producer surplus after trade? i. What is the amount of total surplus before trade? j. What is the amount of total surplus after trade? k. What is the change in total surplus because of trade?
1. You have just been put in charge of trade policy for Jamaica. Coffee is a recent crop that is growing well, and the Jamaican export market is developing, that is, Jamaica coffee is an infant industry. Jamaica coffee producers come to you and ask for tariff protection from cheap Brazilian coffee. What sorts of policies will you enact? Explain. 2. Does international trade, taken as a whole, increase the total number of jobs, decrease the total number of jobs, or leave the total number of jobs about the same? Hint: Provide your answer (with reasoning) based on what you expect under the partial equilibrium model for the exporting country, the importing country, and the net overall effect on the world.

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