Answered: 50 100 150 200 horizontal velocity, m/y…

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)

9th Edition

ISBN:9780134746241

Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1LR

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Transcribed Image Text:### Velocity Profile of Athabasca Glacier #### Graph Explanation The graph depicts the vertical velocity profile of the Athabasca Glacier in Canada. The x-axis represents the horizontal velocity in meters per year (m/y), ranging from 0 to 30 m/y. The y-axis represents the depth in meters (m), ranging from 0 to 200 m, with the bottom labeled as "bedrock." - **Data Points**: Orange circles indicate the measured velocities at various depths. The profile shows increasing horizontal velocity with decreasing depth. - **Trend**: The velocity is lower closer to the bedrock (around 200 m) and increases rapidly towards the surface (near 0 m depth). #### Velocity Data - **At 150 m depth**: 24.5 m/y - **At 180 m depth**: 17 m/y - Use these values to calculate the properties at 165 m depth. #### Calculation Tasks 1. **Strain Rate at 165 m Depth**: - Determine the magnitude (absolute value) of the strain rate to the nearest hundredth, in yr⁻¹. 2. **Shear Stress at 165 m Depth**: - Calculate the shear stress driving that strain to the nearest bar. 3. **Constant A in Glens Flow Law**: - Find the constant, A, to the nearest bar⁻³·s¹. 4. **Ice Viscosity**: - Determine the viscosity of the ice to the nearest kPa·yr, noting it’s approximately 2 quadrillion times more viscous than water. **Parameters**: - Surface slope: 8° - Ice density: 900 kg/m³ - Gravitational acceleration (g): 9.8 m/s² - Glens flow law exponent (n): 3 These insights are critical for understanding glacier dynamics and the underlying physics of ice flow.

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