As a public health engieer you have been tasked wiyh designing a plug flow reactor for the disinfection of Giardia lamblia using either free chlorine and monochloramine. The objective is a three log reduction in the concentration of Giardia lamblia. The kinetics of chlorine decay can be described by a first order coefficient of 0.1 d-1. It is also given that the appropriate contact time, t10, equals the hydrualic residence time (HRT or td) of the plug flow reactor.    Question: At a temperature of 5oC and a pH of 7.0, what is the volume of the PFR if the flow rate of the water to be disinfected is 1000 L/d for chlorine and monochloramine Disinfection data in the table below can be used.

Curren'S Math For Meds: Dosages & Sol
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ISBN:9781305143531
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Chapter9: Parenteral Medication Labels And Dosage Calculation
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As a public health engieer you have been tasked wiyh designing a plug flow reactor for the disinfection of Giardia lamblia using either free chlorine and monochloramine. The objective is a three log reduction in the concentration of Giardia lamblia. The kinetics of chlorine decay can be described by a first order coefficient of 0.1 d-1.

It is also given that the appropriate contact time, t10, equals the hydrualic residence time (HRT or td) of the plug flow reactor. 

 

Question: At a temperature of 5oC and a pH of 7.0, what is the volume of the PFR if the flow
rate of the water to be disinfected is 1000 L/d for chlorine and monochloramine

Disinfection data in the table below can be used.

 

TABLE 16.2 SWTR Cťª Values for Achieving 99.9% Reduction of Giardia lamblia
Temperature, °C
15
58
83
122
177
Disinfectant
Free chlorineb
(2 mg/L)
Ozone
Chlorine dioxide
Chloramines
pH
6
7
8
9
6–9
6-9
6-9
≤1
165
236
346
500
2.9
63
3 800
5
116
165
243
353
1.9
26
2 200
10
87
124
182
265
1.4
23
1 850
(preformed)
¹C is in mg/L and t is in minutes.
bCt values depend on the concentration of free chlorine (see text).
0.95
19
1 500
20
44
62
91
132
0.72
15
1 100
25
29
41
61
88
0.48
11
750
Transcribed Image Text:TABLE 16.2 SWTR Cťª Values for Achieving 99.9% Reduction of Giardia lamblia Temperature, °C 15 58 83 122 177 Disinfectant Free chlorineb (2 mg/L) Ozone Chlorine dioxide Chloramines pH 6 7 8 9 6–9 6-9 6-9 ≤1 165 236 346 500 2.9 63 3 800 5 116 165 243 353 1.9 26 2 200 10 87 124 182 265 1.4 23 1 850 (preformed) ¹C is in mg/L and t is in minutes. bCt values depend on the concentration of free chlorine (see text). 0.95 19 1 500 20 44 62 91 132 0.72 15 1 100 25 29 41 61 88 0.48 11 750
●
●
Typical Practice vs SWTR
Must apply the required Ct to achieve 99.9% removal of Giardia lamblia
cysts and 99.99% removal of enteric viruses
▪ Post filtration => credit of two log reductions (90% reqd.)
C= the available disinfectant concentration in the effluent from the
basin
▪ assume some first order decay of disinfectant
target C: 0.1-1 mg/L of chlorine residual
t = chosen as t₁ of a basin (conservative) at the peak flow
(detention time that is exceeded by 90% of the flow through the basin)
for a PF: t₁0 = ta (?), CMR t₁0 = 0.105 ta (?)
C*t must be satisfied at peak flow
(Tables): effect of pH on Cl₂ dose
Transcribed Image Text:● ● Typical Practice vs SWTR Must apply the required Ct to achieve 99.9% removal of Giardia lamblia cysts and 99.99% removal of enteric viruses ▪ Post filtration => credit of two log reductions (90% reqd.) C= the available disinfectant concentration in the effluent from the basin ▪ assume some first order decay of disinfectant target C: 0.1-1 mg/L of chlorine residual t = chosen as t₁ of a basin (conservative) at the peak flow (detention time that is exceeded by 90% of the flow through the basin) for a PF: t₁0 = ta (?), CMR t₁0 = 0.105 ta (?) C*t must be satisfied at peak flow (Tables): effect of pH on Cl₂ dose
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2nd Question: For the above conditions, what is the corresponding dosage of chlorine and
monochloramine to achieve the desired degree of disinfection.

same effluent concentration (2 mg/L) for both free chlorine and monochloramine

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