2B. Calculate the total number of ATP that will be generated from the complete B-oxidation of oncobic acid(CH:(CH,),CH=CH(CH,),COOH; 15:1 cis-A9) in an organism that has all the standard required enzymes formetabolism but which pumps only 2 H" in complex I, 0 H' in complex II, 2 H* in complex III and 4 H' in complexIV. The F,F, ATPase is composed of 3 a/ß subunits and 10 c subunits. Show all of your calculations.HO

For a fatty acid with an odd number of carbons, beta-oxidation still occurs as usual, removing 2…

Answered: 2B. Calculate the total number of ATP…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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2. The overall result of CH,OH + 2 NAD+ + 2 NADH glycolysis can be summarized by the equation on the right in which HO the glucose origins of the carbon atoms in pyruvate are color coded. Show by writing the reactions catalyzed by aldolase and triose phosphate isomerase and num- bering the carbons why this is the fate of glucose carbon atoms in pyruvate. Indicate numbering of carbons in Glucose-6-Pi, Fructose-1,6-BisPi, enzyme products, and pyruvate. HO + 2 Pi 2 + 2 ATP > OH + 2 ADP (CH3 + 2 H20 Glucose Pyruvate
Substrate level phosphorylation is the spontaneous transfer of phosphate from an organic substrate to ADP. These organic substrates have a [more/less/equivalent] negative free energy of hydrolysis than ATP. In glycolysis, 4 total ATP are produced in this way from a single molecule of glucose in [1/2/4] different enzymatic reactions/steps in the [investment/payoff] phase. please help with the ones in []
3, Describe the process of oxidative phosphorylation, as completely as possible. In your description, include the terms NADH, FADH2, ATP, mitochondria (or mitochondrial), glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, electron (or electrons), proton (or protons), and oxygen. In your description, account for how ATP molecules get produced, and how many ATP molecules are produced per FADH2 and NADH (note: NADH from outside the mitochondria generate a different number of ATP compared to NADH inside the mitochondria.
2. For each of the following compounds, identify the ATP yield from complete oxidation using glycolysis, generation of ACOA, the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. If the yield is a range, make sure to give that range. Starting molecule a. 2 ACOA b. A glycogen molecule containing 3 glucose molecules C. NADH d. FADH2 e. F-2,6-BP f. 12 molecules of Ribose-5-phosphate g. 2 molecules of 3-GP # ATPs generated
Inhibitor X exerts which of the following effects on the above enzyme (lactase)? (inhibitor X changes lactase activity to a Vo of 0.10 mM per minute when [S] = 1.0 mM, and a Vo of 0.133333333333 mM per minute when [S] = 2.0 mM) pure non-competitive inhibition uncompetitive inhibition competitive inhibition all of the above none of the above
Describe the changes that occur in each step of the mechanism. (The probable mechanism of action of chymotrypsin)
2. In contrast to the toxicity of 2-fluoro-citrate, L-(2-fluoro-)succinate is not an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase and the product 2-fluoro-fumarate is converted by fumarate hydratase to L-(2-fluoro-2- hydroxy)malate that breaks down to oxaloacetate. (a) the FAD coenzyme of succinate dehydrogenase as the normal substrate? Write the reaction with structural formulas to illustrate your answer. Does the oxidation of 2-fluoro-succinate yield the same number of reducing equivalents to (b) droxy)malate, which breaks down spontaneously to oxaloacetate. Write the equation with structural formulas. 2-fluoro-fumarate is a substrate of fumarate hydratase forming only L-(2-fluoro-2-hy- Oxaloacetate has been shown to be a very po- (c) tent inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase. For the enzyme 3 isolated from cardiac muscle the Kj value is ~4 x 10-6M, as shown in the L-B plot on the right. Yet, this inhibition is never discussed in biochemistry textbooks. From your reading in the textbook,…
24. Consider the figure below, which is an alternate way to depict the energy changes occurring during a reaction from Substrate (S) to Product (P), when uncatalyzed (curve A) and when catalyzed by an enzyme (curve B). Note that curve B is not the same way we modeled an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in class; this model is a different, perhaps slightly more realistic, way of conceptualizing the energy changes over the course of a reaction than what we did in class. S and ES represent the transition states for reaction of the free substrate (S) or the enzyme-substrate complex (ES). T T activation energy for uncatalyzed reaction EST S edhosob nohtum od bluo woH abiow yedio 2 wwolaixa-y odi no vaigin oroda dapng odt ni o nfog) r gibadhoa P B ES EP progress of reaction activation energy for catalyzed reaction a) Explain briefly why, in curve B, the energy state of the enzyme-substrate complex is less than the energy state of the substrate alone. b) Suppose the enzyme in the diagram was mutated…
2a. How many NADH are made during glycolysis from one glucose? 2b. How many NADH are made during the citric acid cycle from one glucose? 2c. How many FADH2 are made during the citric acid cycle from one glucose?
1. For enzymatic reaction, a mechanism was proposed by Michaelis and Menten as follows: ES k, and k,' ES à E and P k,. E + S a. Use steady state assumption, derive expression for the reaction rate. Where E is concentration of enzyme, S substrate, ES complex of E and S, E = E, – ES. (If you have difficulty in doing it, please consult lecture note) b. Assume K = 0.038 mol.L' at 25 °C, when the substrate concentration is 0.156 Mol.L', the rate of the reaction is 1.21 m mol/L.s. The maximum rate of conversion reaction is reached at high substrate concentrations. Calculate the maximum rate of this enzyme catalyzed reaction.
8. Indicate the number of moles each of the molecules below formed from running three moles of glucose through glycolysis and Krebs cycle Moles produced from two moles of glucose running through Glycolysis Moles produced from two moles of glucose being oxidized in the PDC/Krebs Cycle Molecule Produced ATP GTP NADH + H* FADH2 CO2 D Focus United States) W DE DELL F11 F12 F8 F9 F10 F6 FZ (8)
Can you explain the answe?

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