answer both soon 2.The molecule shown here acts as a competitive inhibitorof a citric acid cycle enzyme. Which step of the citric acidcycle is blocked by this molecule? Explain your answer.H,C-C-CH,-S- CaAb The enzyme that catalyzes step 8 of the citric acid cyclecan also catalyze the reverse reaction and can use alpha-ketoglutarate (a citric acid cycle intermediate) as a substrate.Draw the product of this reaction.

The citric acid cycle is also considered as the metabolic pathway, which results in the formation of…

2. The molecule shown here acts as a competitive inhibitor a of a citric acid cycle enzyme. Which step of the citric acid cycle is blocked by this molecule? Explain your answer. a HC-C-a-s-CaA b The enzyme that catalyzes step 8 of the citric acid cycle can also catalyze the reverse reaction and can use alpha- ketoglutarate (a citric acid cycle intermediate) as a substrate. Draw the product of this reaction..

2. The molecule shown here acts as a competitive inhibitor a of a citric acid cycle enzyme. Which step of the citric acid cycle is blocked by this molecule? Explain your answer. a HC-C-a-s-CaA b The enzyme that catalyzes step 8 of the citric acid cycle can also catalyze the reverse reaction and can use alpha- ketoglutarate (a citric acid cycle intermediate) as a substrate. Draw the product of this reaction..

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter19: The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21P: Complete oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid can yield 129 molecules of ATP Study Figure 19.2 and...

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Figure 27.3 illustrates the response of R (ATP-regenerating) and U (ATP-utilizing) enzymes to energy charge. a. Would hexokinase be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? Would glutamine: PRPP amidotransferase, the second enzyme in purine biosynthesis, be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? b. If energy charge = 0.5: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low? c. If energy charge = 0.95: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low?
Based on your knowledge of the structure of NAD+ and an assumption that coenzyme dissociation is the rate limiting step of the alcohol dehydrogenase mechanism, hypothesize why a N249W mutation at the coenzyme binding site would increase the rate of catalysis.
Complete oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid can yield 129 molecules of ATP Study Figure 19.2 and determine how many ATP molecules would be generated if a 16-carbon fatly acid were metabolized solely by the TCA cycle, in the form of S acetyl-CoA molecules.
6. Fill in the following blanks for how many of the following products would be generated under aerobic conditions from 1 molecule of pyruvate if a competitive inhibitor of succinyl- CoA synthetase was present in the citric acid cycle? (consider only the conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA and the TCA cycle, do not consider oxidative phosphorylation reactions or reactions beyond the TCA cycle). i. CO, ii. GTP iii. NADH iv. FADH, V. Oxaloacetate
1. Consider the oxidation of the fatty acid with the common name arachidic acid. a. Draw the structure of arachidic acid. b. How many turns of the fatty acid oxidation cycle is required for the complete oxidation of arachidic acid? c. How many moles of ATP are formed from one mole of arachidic acid if the acetyl CoA produced go to the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation? Assume 1 mole of NADH is equivalent to 3 moles ATP and 1 mole FADH2 is equivalent to 2 moles of ATP. Show how you arrived at your answer
6. The AG of the citric acid cycle reaction catalyzed by succinyl-CoA synthetase is approximately 0 kJ/mol. Which of the following statements explains why we would expect this reaction to be highly exergonic, but why the overall AG = 0 in reality. A) The reaction cleaves a thioether linkage, and the released free energy is used to generate a new thioester linkage in a product molecule. B) The reaction cleaves a thioester linkage, and the released free energy is used to generate GTP. C) The reaction cleaves a thioester linkage, and the released free energy is used to generate a new thioester linkage in a product molecule. D) None of the above
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8. Starting with [14C] -glucose radioactively labeled at glucose carbon 6 write, using structural formulas the sequence of citric acid cycle intermediates (citrate thru oxaloacetate) indicating the position of the [14C] atom in each citric acid cycle intermediate. Do not name enzymes or cofactors catalyzing the reactions, just the structures with the [14C] label indicated. What other carbon (if any) on glucose would give a similar labeling pattern?
trace the position of the elctron as this glucose molecule proceeds through glycolsis and two turns of the citric acid cycle
Acetyi CoA Oxaloncetate CoA NADH NAD: Citrate Isccitrate Malate NAD co NADH Funaate »FADH; FAD a- Ketoglutarate Succinate NAD ATP Succinyt CuA NADH ADP - P, If you were told to add one of the eight citric acid cycle intermediates to the culture medium fo yeast growing in the laboratory, what do you think would happen to the rates of ATP and carbon dioxide production? (see the above figure) a. There would be no change in ATP production, but the rate of CO2 production would increase. b. The rates of ATP production and CO2 production would both increase, c. The rate of ATP production would increase, but the rate of CO2 production would decrease. d. The rates fo ATP and CO2 production would both decrease.
There are eight chemical reactions that occur in the citric acid cycle process. The reactions of the citric acid cycle are shown in the figure below. acetyl-coenzyme A 0 CH₂-C-CoA HO-CH Reaction 7 O malate CH₂ CH || CH fumarate FADH₂ Reaction 6 FAD H+ + NADH NAD+ 1,0 H₂C CH₂ CH₂ Reaction 8 succinate ADP 0=C GTP CH₂ oxaloacetate Reaction 5 H-COA GDP ATP H₂O Reaction 1 C Reactions of the Citric Acid Cycle CH₂ CH₂ H-COA 0=C 1 CoA succinyl-CoA H+ HO-C Reaction CO₂ с CH₂ NADH CH₂ citrate Reaction 2 H-COA Reaction 3 CO₂ I CH₂ T CH₂ 0=C NAD+ HO–CH a-ketoglutarate CH, CH isocitrate NAD+ H+ + NADH In chapters 9 and 10, you were introduced to several classes of organic reactions. These classes include esterification, decarboxylation, hydration reactions, dehydration of alcohols, oxidation of alcohols, oxidation of aldehydes, reduction of aldehydes, and reduction of ketones. Find at least one of these reaction classes in the citric acid cycle. List the reaction number and the reaction. Write a…
3.) As mentioned in the March1 outline a critical step in the glycolysis metabolic pathway (conversion for glucose to pyruvate that produces 2 ATP's) is the attachment of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to an isomerase enzyme via an iminium bridge (step1). There is a second step that takes the imine to the enamine that sets up the C-C formation reaction with an enol that you'll cover in two weeks. Show the mechanism for steps 1 (mild acid catalysis) and 2 (draw resonance forms for the iminium cation). In your mechanism, show the intermediate hemiaminal (carbinolamine). Step 2 may address one of the questions asked in Wednesday's class about the water taking out the N-H proton of the iminium cation versus a C-H proton? CH₂OPO3² E-NH₂ + O=C (step 1) CH₂OH Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Iminium (+) cation intermediate (step 2) Enamine (Enol) Intermediate H CH₂OPO32- E-N-C H C. OH H₂O E