2. Comparative and absolute advantageGilberto and Juanita are farmers. Each one owns a 20-acre plot of land. The following table shows the amount of rye and corn each farmer canproduce per year on a given acre. Each farmer chooses whether to devote all acres to producing rye or corn or to produce rye on some of the land andcorm on the rest.RyeCorn(Bushels per acre) (Bushels per acre)Gilberto204Juanita287On the following graph, use the blue line (circle symbol) to plot Gilberto's production possibilities frontier (PPF), and use the purple line (diamondsymbol) to plot Juanita's PPF.200180Gilberto's PPF160140120Juanita's PPF10080CORN(Bushes) (?)200180Gilberto's PPF160140120Juanita's PPFa0604020100200300400Б00600700B00900 1000RYE (Bushels)v has an absolute advantage in the production of rye, andv has an absolute advantage in the production of corn.Gilberto's opportunity cost of producing 1 bushel of corn isbushels of rye, whereas Juanita's opportunity cost of producing 1 bushel of cornbushels of rye. Because Gilberto has av opportunity cost of producing corn than Juanita,v has a comparativeisadvantage in the production of corn, andhas a comparative advantage in the production of rye.CORN(Bushels)

The production possibility frontier (PPF) is a curve in business analysis that depicts the maximum…

2. Comparative and absolute advantage Gilberto and Juanita are farmers. Each one owns a 20-acre plot of land. The follovwing table shovs the amount of rye and corn each farmer can produce per year on a given acre. Each farmer chooses whether to devote all acres to producing rye or corn or to produce rye on some of the land and con on the rest. Rye Corn (Bushels per acre) (Bushels per acre) Gilberto 20 Juanita 28 On the following graph, use the blue line (circle symbol) to plot Gilberto's production possibilities frontier (PPF), and use the purple line (diamond symbol) to plot Juanita's PPF. 200 180 Gilberto's PPF 160 140 120 Juanita's PPF 100 DRN (Bushes)

2. Comparative and absolute advantage Gilberto and Juanita are farmers. Each one owns a 20-acre plot of land. The follovwing table shovs the amount of rye and corn each farmer can produce per year on a given acre. Each farmer chooses whether to devote all acres to producing rye or corn or to produce rye on some of the land and con on the rest. Rye Corn (Bushels per acre) (Bushels per acre) Gilberto 20 Juanita 28 On the following graph, use the blue line (circle symbol) to plot Gilberto's production possibilities frontier (PPF), and use the purple line (diamond symbol) to plot Juanita's PPF. 200 180 Gilberto's PPF 160 140 120 Juanita's PPF 100 DRN (Bushes)

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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2. Suppose that Happy Land produces only two goods-food and suntan oil. Its production possibilities are: Food (pounds per month) 300 200 100 0 Active Land also produces only food and suntan oil, and its production possibilities are: Food (pounds per month) 150 100 50 0 Draw the two PPFs Suntan oil (gallons per month) 0 50 100 150 Suntan oil (gallons per month) 0 100 2000 300 a. What are the opportunity costs of food and suntan oil in Happy Land? b. Why are the opportunity costs the same at each output level? c. What are the opportunity costs of food and suntan oil in Active Land? d. If each nation specialized where they have a comparative advantage; and then traded, find the acceptable ranges for trade. 1 pound of food would have to trade between which values of suntan oil? 1 pound of suntan oil would have to trade between which values of food? e. If each nation produces where they have a comparative advantage, and the terms of trade are 50 pounds of food for 75 gallons of suntan oil,…
Refer to the production possibility frontiers for two friends Frodo and Sam who can both produce Ice creams and Jelly beans. Frodo's maximum production of Ice creams is 500 with no Jelly beans, or 2,000 Jelly beans with no Ice creams. Sam's maximum production of Ice creams is 600 with no Jelly beans, or 1,200 Jelly beans with no Ice creams. ICE CREAMS ICE CREAMS 600 500 1200 JELLY BEANS 2000 JELLY BEANS Frodo' PPF Sam's PPF Answer briefly these TWO questions in the box space provided below. Part A: Assuming efficient production without trade, derive the maximum amount of Jelly beans that can be produced by Sam along with 300 Ice creams. Describe your steps in detail. Part B: Assume that Frodo and Sam agree to specialize in production and trade between themselves. Frodo offers 1,000 Jelly beans to Sam in exchange for 300 lce creams. Would Sam agree to this trade?
7. Specialization and production possibilities Suppose Scotland produces only smart watches and cell phones. The resources that are used in the production of these two goods are not specialized -that is, the same set of resources is equally useful in producing both cell phones and smart watches. The shape of Scotland's production possibilities frontier (PPF) should reflect the fact that as Scotland produces more cell phones and fewer smart watches, the opportunity cost of producing each additional cell phone The following graphs show two possible PPFs for Scotland's economy: a straight-line PPF (PPF₁) and a bowed-out PPF (PPF2). SMART WATCHES PPF ₁ Graph 1 CELL PHONES ? SMART WATCHES PPF₂ Graph 2 CELL PHONES (?) Based on the previous description, the tradeoff Scotland faces between producing cell phones and smart watches is best represented by
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25. Assuming labor is the only resource and England has 60 man-hours (mhrs) and Portugal 180 mhrs of labor resource available for production, which country has the comparative advantage in wine? a) Portugal b) England c) Both d) Neither e) Cannot tell
B) Comparative Advantage 1. Country A has 100 workers and Country B has 100 workers. Every worker in Country A can produce 6 tons of wheat per year, or can produce 12 tons of corn per year. Every worker in Country B can produce 2 tons of wheat per year, or can produce 10 tons of corn per year. a. Which country has an absolute advantage in wheat? b. Which country has an absolute advantage in corn? c. Which country has a comparative advantage in wheat? d. Which country has a comparative advantage in corn? Suppose initially the countries do not trade and Country A has 50 workers producing corn and 50 producing wheat. Country B has 30 workers producing corn and 70 producing wheat. Fill out the following table: Country A Country B Corn Produced Wheat Produced Now the two countries trade with one another. e. What good does Country A specialize in? f. What good does Country B specialize in? If these countries have all workers produce the product that their country has a comparative advantage…
2. Consider a simple exchange economy with two people: Bob and Jake. Bob and Jake both have ten hours of time available. They can use their time to do one of two things: make pancakes or make hamburgers. Bob can make two hamburgers in an hour or one pancake in an hour. Jake can make three pancakes in an hour or four hamburgers in an hour. a.) Draw Bob and Jake’s PPFs with hamburgers on the x-axis. Give equations for both PPFs in y=mx+b form. b.) Can Bob and Jake both benefit from trade if the terms of trade are three pancakes per hamburger? Why or why not?
2. Suppose that two countries can produce wheat or cotton. If country A produces only wheat it can produce 55 units of wheat, and if it produces only cotton it can produce 35 units of cotton. If country B produces only wheat it can produce 65 units of wheat, and if it produces only cotton it can produce 45 units of cotton. Given the production possibilities curves above, which of the following would be feasible terms of trade between country A and country B? a. one unit of wheat for 0.75 unit of cotton. b. one unit of cotton for 1.5 units of wheat. c. one unit of wheat for 0.55 unit of cotton. d. one unit of cotton for 1.67 units of wheat. e. all of the above are feasible terms of trade. f. none of the above are feasible terms of trade.
6. Suppose the United States can produce cattle or corn with a given amount of resources. Attached is a graph depicting the production possibility frontier for the United States and the marginal benefit and cost of a bushel of corn. You are asked to discuss the relationship between the marginal cost and marginal benefit of corn and the production of both corn and cattle. Production Possibility Frontier MC $9 40 30 B 20 3 MB 10 15 20 10 15 20 Bushels of Corn Quantity of Bushels of Corn (in billions) (in billions) (a) Determine whether there is an overallocation of resources, underallocation of resources, and optimal allocation of resources. For example, at 10 billion bushels of corn production, what are the marginal cost and marginal benefit? MB: Do they meet the marginal principle of MB=MC? (Yes, No) If not, what problem happens? There an ( underallocation, overallocation ) of resources to corn production. MC: Similarly mention in case of at 15 billion bushels and 20 billion bushels.…
4. Equality versus efficiency All societies face a trade-off between efficiency and equality. If the government lowers income taxes on Americans in the top one percent of earners, while decreasing welfare payments to citizens with incomes below the federal poverty threshold, the most likely result is in equality in the United States. in efficiency and Match each definition to its appropriate concept. Definition When a society gets the most it can from its scarce resources When economic benefits are distributed uniformly across society Efficiency Equality
4. Specialization and trade When a country specializes in the production of a good, this means that it can produce this good at a lower opportunity cost than its trading partner. Because of this comparative advantage, both countries benefit when they specialize and trade with each other. The following graphs show the production possibilities frontiers (PPFS) for Maldonia and Lamponia. Both countries produce lemons and sugar, each initially (that is, before specialization and trade) producing 18 million pounds of lemons and 9 million pounds of sugar, as indicated by grey points (star symbols) labeled point A. SUGAR (Millions of pounds) 48 42 38 30 24 18 PPF 12 8 0 0 8 1 Maldonia 12 18 24 30 36 LEMONS (Millions of pounds) 42 48 ? Maldonia has a comparative advantage in the production of production of advantage), the most the two countries can produce is SUGAR (Millions of pounds) 48 42 36 30 24 18 12 6 0 0 PPF 6 Lamponia A 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 LEMONS (Millions of pounds) ? , while…
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