14. Efficiency in the production possibilities model Suppose the fictional country of Haleakala produces only two goods: sorghum and axles. The following graph plots Haleakala's current production possibilities frontier, and includes six different output combinations given by black points (plus symbols) labeled A to F. AXLES (Millions) 100 80 60 20 0 0 PPF 20 +4 E + 40 8 x 4 60 SORGHUM (Millions of bushels) 80 100 (?)

14. Efficiency in the production possibilities model Suppose the fictional country of Haleakala produces only two goods: sorghum and axles. The following graph plots Haleakala's current production possibilities frontier, and includes six different output combinations given by black points (plus symbols) labeled A to F. AXLES (Millions) 100 80 60 20 0 0 PPF 20 +4 E + 40 8 x 4 60 SORGHUM (Millions of bushels) 80 100 (?)

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Problem 1: Production Possibilities Frontier Consider an economy that produces bicycles and autos. The production possibilities schedule shown below denotes the points on the production possibilities frontier. Points Amount Bicycles Amount Autos A 10 B 8 D E 5 8 12 14 15 a) Draw the production possibilities frontier in a clearly labelled graph. You can assume the points on the frontier are connected by straight lines. Please put bicycles on the x-axis and autos on the y-axis. b) Is point E more efficient in production than point C? Explain. c) Based on this production possibility frontier, can the economy currently produce 8 bicycles and 10 autos? If not, explain what would need to happen to allow the economy to produce 8 bicycles and 10 autos. d) True/False/Uncertain (and explain): Point B more efficient in allocation than point A. e) Does this production frontier have increasing opportunity costs? Explain, and also explain why it is common for production frontiers to have increasing…
Suppose the fictional country of Everglades produces only two goods: sorghum and telephoto lenses. The following graph plots Everglades's current production possibilities frontier, and includes six different output combinations given by black points (plus symbols) labeled A to F. 80 PPF 60 K E + 40 20 A B C D 100 TELEPHOTO LENSES (Millions) Point Inefficient E F 0 0 ++ Complete the following table by indicating whether each point represents output combinations that are inefficient, efficient, or unattainable. Check all that apply. 0 C r 20 0 60 SORGHUM (Millions of bushels) Efficient 00 0 40 0 X8 C D Unattainable 0 0 00 80 100
Figure 1 shows the PPF for an economy that produces Food and Clothes. Suppose the economy is currently producing 170 Food and 264 Clothes. What is the economy's opportunity cost of producing 150 additional Food? A) 90 Clothes B) 120 Clothes C) 170 Clothes D) 220 Clothes
Beer 10 0 10 20 30 Pizza West Lothian Beer 20 1319 10 0 10 20 30 Pizza East Lothian In the accompanying diagrams, solid lines are production possibilities curves, and the dashed lines are trading possibilities curves. The data contained in the production possibilities curves are based on the assumption of
Production inefficiency occurs when production ____. is at any attainable point is at a point on the production possibilities frontier is at a point beyond the production possibilities frontier is at a point inside the production possibilities frontier
Two neighboring island nations, Seychelles and Mauritius, produce iPad's, coffee, or a combination of both. Suppose that they each have 4 million labor hours available per week for production. The following table gives the amount of each product that can be produced using one hour of labor: Country Mauritius Seychelles Mauritius' opportunity cost of produing 1 iPad is iPads (per hour of labor) 12 of coffee. Therefore, 8 Initially, suppose Mauritius uses 1 million hours per week to produce iPads and 3 million hours per week to produce coffee, while Seycheles uses 3 million hours of labor per week to produce iPads and 1 million hours per week to produce coffee. Consequently, Mauritius produces 12 million iPads and 72 million pounds of coffee, and Seychelles produces 24 million iPads and 32 million pounds of coffee. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade with them. So, if Mauritius and Seychelles don't trade with each other, they can only consume what they can produce using…
Adjust the production possibilities frontier (PPF) to show the economy's new production possibilities after the deterioration of infrastructure. Note: Select either end of the curve on the graph to make the endpoints appear. Then drag one or both endpoints to the desired position. Points will snap into position, so if you try to move a point and it snaps back to its original position, just drag it a little farther. QUANTITY OF CARS (Millions) 24 16 0 0 O 5 OO PPF 10 QUANTITY OF COMPUTERS (Millions) 15 Suppose society faces a broad tradeoff between allocating resources to the production of investment goods (computers) and consumption goods (cars) before the deterioration of infrastructure described above. PPF Which of the following events would be most likely to lead to the deterioration of infrastructure you just illustrated? Increasing production of investment goods and decreasing production of consumption goods Decreasing production of investment and consumption goods Increasing…
Draw the production possibilities frontier on a scale diagram, with the production of X on the horizontal axis and the production of Y on the vertical axis Annual Production of Y Annual Production of X 0 20 45 60 70 75 1300 1200 900 6:00 350 0 b. If the economy is producing 45 units of X and 900 units of Y, what is the opportunity cost of producing an extra 15 units of X. Show on graph. C. If the economy is producing 20 units of X and 800 units of Y, what is the opportunity cost of producing an extra 10 units of X. Show on graph.
Question 3 Person 1 can allocate her 8-hour day between the production of two goods: A and B. Each hour devoted to Good B yields 2 units whereas each hour devoted to Good A produces 4 units. (a) State whether 9 units of Good B and 12 units of Good A are attainable, unattainable, efficient or inefficient. [State all that applies.] Select one or more: attainable unattainable efficient inefficient
5Look at the following production possibilities curve illustrating the possibilities in Sluggerville for producing bats and/or peanuts with the existing level of resources and technology. (a) Show a point U that would indicate unemployed resources in Sluggerville. (b) Draw a new curve B that illustrates the results of improved technology in the production of bats, but no change in the production efficiency of peanuts. (c) Show a point G that would indicate a point that is currently unattainable in the production of peanuts and bats in Sluggerville. Peanuts (metric tons) (s000'00L) sieg
PISTACHIOS (Millions of pounds) 16 14 12 10 0 0 PPF 2 Glacier 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 PEAS (Millions of pounds) PISTACHIOS (Millions of pounds) 16 14 12 10 0 0 PPF 2 4 6 Congaree 8 10 12 PEAS (Millions of pounds) A 14 16 Glacier has a comparative advantage in the production of while Congaree has a comparative advantage in the production of Suppose that Glacier and Congaree specialize in the production of the goods in which each has a comparative advantage. After specialization, the two countries can produce a total of pistachios. million pounds of peas and million pounds of Suppose that Glacier and Congaree agree to trade. Each country focuses its resources on producing only the good in which it has a comparative advantage. The countries decide to exchange 6 million pounds of peas for 6 million pounds of pistachios. This ratio of goods is known as the price of trade between Glacier and Congaree.
6. Suppose the United States can produce cattle or corn with a given amount of resources. Attached is a graph depicting the production possibility frontier for the United States and the marginal benefit and cost of a bushel of corn. You are asked to discuss the relationship between the marginal cost and marginal benefit of corn and the production of both corn and cattle. Production Possibility Frontier MC $9 40 30 B 20 3 MB 10 15 20 10 15 20 Bushels of Corn Quantity of Bushels of Corn (in billions) (in billions) (a) Determine whether there is an overallocation of resources, underallocation of resources, and optimal allocation of resources. For example, at 10 billion bushels of corn production, what are the marginal cost and marginal benefit? MB: Do they meet the marginal principle of MB=MC? (Yes, No) If not, what problem happens? There an ( underallocation, overallocation ) of resources to corn production. MC: Similarly mention in case of at 15 billion bushels and 20 billion bushels.…