Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood
Chapter7: The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division
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Label the following figure including both anatomy (organs and structures) and physiology (function and biochemistry). What is the most important parts of what is shown here for keeping you alive? Justify

### Blood Circulation and Organ System Interaction

This diagram illustrates the integrated process of blood circulation and the interaction of various organs in the human body. Here’s a detailed breakdown of each component and its role in this system:

1. **Mouth and Esophagus** – The entry point for food which then travels down the esophagus to the stomach. 
2. **Stomach** – Where the ingested food is mixed with stomach acids and broken down into a semi-liquid form called chyme.
3. **Small Intestine** – Nutrients from the broken-down food are absorbed into the bloodstream here.
4. **Large Intestine** – Absorbs water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and compacts waste material for elimination.
5. **Heart** – The central organ that pumps blood throughout the body through the circulatory system.
6. & 7. **Lungs** – Organs for respiration, enabling the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air.
8. **Nutrients and Oxygen Distribution** – Blood rich in oxygen and nutrients is transported from the small intestine to various parts of the body.
9. **Oxygenated Blood Flow** – Blood flow from the heart to various organs, supplying them with necessary oxygen for functioning.
10. **Deoxygenated Blood Flow** – Blood returning from the organs to the lungs to get re-oxygenated.
11. **Kidneys** – Filter blood to remove waste, which is then excreted as urine.
12. **Excretion (Bladder)** – The organ where urine is stored before it is eventually excreted from the body.

### Diagram Breakdown:
- **Arrows and Pathway Explanation**: 
  - **Black Arrows**: Indicate the path where food initially travels and where it gets absorbed mainly in the small intestine (1 to 4).
  - **Red Arrows**: Indicate blood flow, starting from the heart to the objective organs (5 onwards).
  - **Blue Background Region (near 8)**: Represents the area where nutrients and oxygen are picked up through blood vessels around the intestines.
  
### Integration of Systems:
- **Digestive System**: Beginning from the mouth to the large intestine, it digests food and absorbs nutrients.
- **Circulatory System**: The heart pumps blood to distribute nutrients and oxygen and to collect waste products for excretion.
- **
Transcribed Image Text:### Blood Circulation and Organ System Interaction This diagram illustrates the integrated process of blood circulation and the interaction of various organs in the human body. Here’s a detailed breakdown of each component and its role in this system: 1. **Mouth and Esophagus** – The entry point for food which then travels down the esophagus to the stomach. 2. **Stomach** – Where the ingested food is mixed with stomach acids and broken down into a semi-liquid form called chyme. 3. **Small Intestine** – Nutrients from the broken-down food are absorbed into the bloodstream here. 4. **Large Intestine** – Absorbs water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and compacts waste material for elimination. 5. **Heart** – The central organ that pumps blood throughout the body through the circulatory system. 6. & 7. **Lungs** – Organs for respiration, enabling the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air. 8. **Nutrients and Oxygen Distribution** – Blood rich in oxygen and nutrients is transported from the small intestine to various parts of the body. 9. **Oxygenated Blood Flow** – Blood flow from the heart to various organs, supplying them with necessary oxygen for functioning. 10. **Deoxygenated Blood Flow** – Blood returning from the organs to the lungs to get re-oxygenated. 11. **Kidneys** – Filter blood to remove waste, which is then excreted as urine. 12. **Excretion (Bladder)** – The organ where urine is stored before it is eventually excreted from the body. ### Diagram Breakdown: - **Arrows and Pathway Explanation**: - **Black Arrows**: Indicate the path where food initially travels and where it gets absorbed mainly in the small intestine (1 to 4). - **Red Arrows**: Indicate blood flow, starting from the heart to the objective organs (5 onwards). - **Blue Background Region (near 8)**: Represents the area where nutrients and oxygen are picked up through blood vessels around the intestines. ### Integration of Systems: - **Digestive System**: Beginning from the mouth to the large intestine, it digests food and absorbs nutrients. - **Circulatory System**: The heart pumps blood to distribute nutrients and oxygen and to collect waste products for excretion. - **
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