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- The following Lewis representation depicts a reaction between one atom of a group nonmetal. •X. + •Ÿ: Use the References to access important values if needed for this question. In this representation, each x²+ + atom loses The bonds that form in the product would be 2- [BY:] ² electron(s) and each metal and one atom of a group atom gains electron(s).eaching and lear X G The element in period 5 that has X ment/takeCovalentActivity.do?locator=assignment-take [Review Topics] [References] We can draw three inequivalent Lewis structures for the sulfite ion, SO32. The concepts of formal charge and electronegativity can help us choose the structure that is the best representation. Formal Charge 1. Assign formal charges to the elements in each of the structures below. Note: Count oxygen atoms starting from the left for each structure. 40 S 01 02 03 Submit Answer :O: 4- --0000 :0: 4+ C Solved The following Lewis diagr x 2. The best Lewis structure for SO3²- is V. fg Yo 144 :0: Retry Entire Group 9 more group attempts remaining fo B 0% " A a 112 :0: C :0: + O ins prt sc Previous A ENG delete home 11:54 A 11/28/20 endDraw the Lewis structure (with formal charges) of the chemical species: 1. CINO2 (N is the central atom) 2. CO3^2- 3. NO2- 4. SO3 5. BrNO2 (N is the central atom) 6. HCO3- (H is bonded to one of the O's) 7. SeO2 8. HC2O4- (each C has two O atoms and H is on one of the O's) 9. HNO3 (H is bonded to one of the O's) 10. CH3NO2 11. HCO2- (H and both O's are bonded to C)
- 5. Write the chemical formula that results when the following pairs of ions combine to form an ionic bond. a. Sr2* and 02- b. Mn4 and O2- C. Lit and CI- d. Cst+ and Sz-2. Identify the true statement. a. Polar covalent compounds result from a complete transfer of at least one electron. b. Sodium is unlikely to form a bond with lithium. c. Covalent compounds exist in large lattices. d. The smallest unit of an ionic compound is a molecule. 3. A piece of zinc metal is placed in an aqueous solution of magnesium sulfate. The products of this reaction are a. ZnMg(s) + SO4(aq) b. Mg(s) + ZnSO4(aq) c. MgS(s) + ZnO4(aq) d. ZnO(s) + MgSO4(aq) e. There will be no reaction. 4. The shape of the NC13 molecule is a. linear b. trigonal planar c. tetrahedral d. trigonal pyramidal e. V-shaped Imi 5. Which of the following would have the highest boiling point? a. NH3 b. PH3 c. AsH3 d. They would all have approximately the same boiling point. 20 6. Aqueous solutions of silver nitrate and sodium sulfate are mixed. The products of the reaction are a. Ag2SO4(aq) + 2 NaNO3(aq) b. AgSO4(s) + Na2(NO3)2(aq) c. Ag2SO4(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq) d. AgSO4(aq) + Na2(NO3 e. There will be no…PCl3(g) + Cl2 (g) --><-- PCl5(g) A. Use a bond energy to find deltaHo for the reaction. Cl - Cl, 339 kJ/mole; P - Cl, 289 kJ/mole. B. Calculate the value of deltaSo for the reaction. So(PCl5) = 364.2 J/mol * K; So(PCl3) = 311.6 J/mol * K; So(Cl2) = 165.2 J/mol * K.
- Now, using the table of bond energies, calculate the enthalpy change for... CH3Br + OH --> CH3OH + Br AH = Σ(Bond energies of the bonds broken) - Σ(Bond energies of the bonds formed What is the AH for this reaction? Write out your work. Average Single Bond Energies (kJ per mole) HCN OF Si P S CI Br I H 436 414 389 464 569 293 318 339 431 368 297 347 293 351 439 289 264 259 330 276 238 159 201 272 201 243 209 138 184 368 351 205 159 540 490 285 255 197 176 213 226 360 289 LADS&SHONCH с Si CI Br 201 C N 0 0 213 230 331 272 213 213 251 213 243 218 209 192 180 151 Average Multiple Bond Energies (kJ per mole) N= N 418 N=N 946 C=C 611 C=C 837 C=0 803 N=0 590 891 498 C=0 745 C=O 1075 In CO₂ OnlyWrite Lewis structures that obey the octet rule for each of the following. a. HCN b. PH3 c. CHCl3 d. NH4+ e. H2CO f. SeF2 g. CO2 h. O2 i. HBr Except for HCN and H2CO, the first atom listed is the central atom. For HCN and H2CO , carbon is the central atom.14 Cancel RESET 4. Draw Lewis structures for each of the following molecules or polyatomic ions. State whether they obey the octet rule and if any coordinate covalent bonds form. In each case, the first atom listed is the central atom. K/UC (a) POCI, (b) SO2- (c) PO 3- (d) CIO A fty. © Done
- a. Use bond energy values to estimate AH for the following reaction. CEN ΔΗ = C - N H - H C-H N - H ΔΗ = b. Use bond energy values to estimate AH for the following reaction. H-F N - H H-C=N (g) + 2 H₂(g): NEN (891 kJ/mol) (305 kJ/mol) (432 kJ/mol) (413 kJ/mol) (391 kJ/mol) N - N (160. kJ/mol) (565 kJ/mol) (391 kJ/mol) (941 kJ/mol) (154 kJ/mol) F-F kJ H- kJ H C- H H -N(g) H H (g) +2F2(g) → N=N(g) + 4HF(g) HWrite the Lewis symbols for the ions in each ionic compound.a. SrO b. Li2S c. CaI2 d. RbF28. Estimate the enthalpy (change in energy) of reaction for 2 SO(g) + O2(g) →2 SO2(g) using bond energies. Assume that sulfur in SO2 (g) has an expanded octet. -> Bond Energy (kJ/mol) 498 265 a. 498 kJ/mol c. -498 kJ/mol bь. 731 kJ/mol d. -32KJ/mol
