15. The solubility of lithium chloride (LiCI) in water is 74.5g / 100mL at 10 °C and 89.8 g / 100mL at 40 °C. What are thesigns of enthalpy and entropy changes for lithium chloride dissolving?→LiCl(s) Li(aq) + Cl(aq) AH=AS =16. If AHsolute = 30kJ/mol and AH solvent = 40 kJ/mol and AH mix = -90 kJ/mol, what is the value of AHsoln?D. Factors Affecting SolubilitySolubility is influenced by the type of substance dissolving, the temperature, and the applied pressure of a gas when thegas is the solute.Example: Which dissolves better in water, CH3Cl or CH3NH2?Plan: The more alike the intermolecular forces between the substances, the more likely one will dissolve in another. Weneed to evaluate the types of intermolecular attractions present.Solution: CH3CI, CH3NH2, and water are all polar. CH3NH2 also can make hydrogen bonds, so it will most likely have agreater solubility in water than CHCI.17. For each substance given in a-c below, choose which of the two substances it will dissolve in better and explain yourreasoning:a. H2O in CH3CH2OH or CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OHb. CaCl2 in H2O or CH3CH2OH

Answer : (15):- Answer : (16):- Answer : (17):- (a)Plan :- The pentanol CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH…

Answered: 15. The solubility of lithium chloride…

Chemistry for Engineering Students

4th Edition

ISBN:9781337398909

Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Chapter9: Energy And Chemistry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9.83PAE: 9.83 A student performing a calorimetry experiment combined 100.0 mL of 0.50 M HCl and 100.0 mL of...

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When 7.11 g NH4NO3 is added to 100 mL water, the temperature of the calorimeter contents decreases from 22.1 C to 17.1 C. Assuming that the mixture has the same specific heat as water and a mass of 107 g, calculate the heat q. Is the dissolution of ammonium nitrate exothermic or endothermic?
Solid NH4NO3 is placed in a beaker containing water at 25 C. When the solid has completely dissolved, the temperature of the solution is 23.5 C. (a) Was the process exothermic or endothermic? (b) Was the process spontaneous? (c) Did the entropy of the system increase? (d) Did the entropy of the universe increase?
Acetic acid, a weak acid, was added to a beaker containing water at 25 C, giving a solution containing molecular acetic acid, hydronium ion, and acetate ion at equilibrium. The temperature did not change. (a) Is the solution process exothermic or endothermic? (b) Was the dissolving process and partial ionization spontaneous? (c) Did the entropy of the system increase or decrease? (d) Did the entropy of the universe increase or decrease?
9.96 Most first aid "cold packs" are based on the endothermic dissolution of ammonium nitrate in water: NH4NO3(s)NH4+(aq)+NO3(aq) H= 25.69 kJ A particular cold pack contains 50.0 g of NH4NO3 and 125.0 g of water. When the pack is squeezed, the NH4NO3dissolves in the water. If the pack and its contents are initially at 24.0°C, what is the lowest temperature that this bag could reach? (Assume that the ammonium nitrate solution has a specific heat of 4.25J g-l K-l, and that the heat capacity of the bag itself is small enough to be neglected.)
Determine the standard Gibbs free energy change, rG, for the reactions of liquid methanol, of CO(g), and ofethyne, C2H2(g), with oxygen gas to form gaseous carbondioxide and (if hydrogen is present) liquid water at298 K. Use your calculations to decide which of thesesubstances are kinetically stable and which are thermodynamically stable: CH3OH(), CO(g), C2H9(g), CO2(g),H2O().
Calculate the standard Gibbs free-energy change when SO3 forms from SO2 and O2 at 298 K. Why is sulfur trioxide an important substance to study? (Hint: What happens when it combines with water?)
What is the sign of the standard Gibbs free-energy change at low temperatures and at high temperatures for the explosive decomposition of TNT? Use your knowledge of TNT and the chemical equation, particularly the phases, to answer this question. (Thermodynamic data for TNT are not in Appendix G.) 2C7H5N3O6(s) 3N2(g) + 5H2O() + 7C(s) + 7CO(g)
A key component in many chemical engineering designs is the separation of mixtures of chemicals. (a) What happens to the entropy of the system when a chemical mixture is separated? (b) Are designs for chemical separation more likely to rely on spontaneous or nonspontaneous processes?
For the reaction BaCO3(s) BaO(s) + CO2(g), rG = +219.7 kJ/mol-rxn. Using this value and other data available in Appendix L, calculate the value of fG for BaCO3(s).
Without looking up their standard entropies in reference tables, identify which of the following lists the materials in order of increasing entropy. (a) H2O() NaCl(s) NH3(g) (b) H2O() NH3(g) NaCl(s) (c) NaCl(s) H2O() NH3(g) (d) NH3(g) H2O() NaCl(s)
There are millions of organic compounds known, and new ones are being discovered or made at a rate of morethan 100,000 compounds per year. Organic compoundsburn readily in air at high temperatures to form carbondioxide and water. Several classes of organic compoundsare listed, with a simple example of each. Write a balanced chemical equation for the combustion in O2ofeach of these compounds, and then use the data inAppendix J to show that each reaction is product-favoredat room temperature. From these results, it is reasonable to hypothesize thatallorganic compounds are thermodynamically unstable inan oxygen atmosphere (that is, their room-temperaturereaction with O2(g) to form CO2(g) and H2O() isproduct-favored). If this hypothesis is true, how canorganic compounds exist on Earth?
The formation of aluminum oxide from its elements is highly exothermic. If 2.70 g Al metal is burned in pure O2 to give A12O3, calculate how much thermal energy is evolved in the process (at constant pressure).

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