1. Cancer genetics Breast cancers can be divided into several classes. One type of breast cancer, classified as HER2 positive ("HER2+"), represents 15-20% of breast cancers. Most HER2+ cancers arise due to amplification of the HER2 gene (without any mutation of the HER2 protein coding region). HER2 amplification is also associated with several other types of cancer (e.g. stomach cancer). Would the HER2 gene be considered a proto-oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene? Justify your answer based on the function of the HER2 protein (look it up). b. How does amplification of HER2 promote cancer? c. Some HER2+ cancers have become resistant to the antibody drug. These cells were found to have mutations of the PTEN gene (look for information about the PTEN gene). Are these likely to be recessive loss of function mutations or dominant gain of function mutations of PTEN? Justify your answer, relating PTEN mutations to drug resistance.
1. Cancer genetics Breast cancers can be divided into several classes. One type of breast cancer, classified as HER2 positive ("HER2+"), represents 15-20% of breast cancers. Most HER2+ cancers arise due to amplification of the HER2 gene (without any mutation of the HER2 protein coding region). HER2 amplification is also associated with several other types of cancer (e.g. stomach cancer). Would the HER2 gene be considered a proto-oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene? Justify your answer based on the function of the HER2 protein (look it up). b. How does amplification of HER2 promote cancer? c. Some HER2+ cancers have become resistant to the antibody drug. These cells were found to have mutations of the PTEN gene (look for information about the PTEN gene). Are these likely to be recessive loss of function mutations or dominant gain of function mutations of PTEN? Justify your answer, relating PTEN mutations to drug resistance.
Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Chapter17: Developmental Genetics
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 8TYU: Which of the following statements about cancer is false? (a) oncogenes arise from mutations in...
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