1. Aldol reactions (condensation of two aldehydes or ketones to yield a ẞ-hydroxy carbonyl) can go inreverse (B-hydroxy carbonyl to two aldehyde/ketones, a retro-aldol). Propose mechanisms for thefollowing two transformations, using both intra-molecular aldol and a retro-aldol reactions. Be sureto follow the rules we have discussed for writing reaction mechanisms!H₂C.H&C.Na+ -OEtethanolH₂C-H₂C.

MECHANISM :EXPLANATION: The Aldol reaction occurs in the first two step of the reaction. Enolate…

Answered: 1. Aldol reactions (condensation of two…

Organic Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781305080485

Author:John E. McMurry

Publisher:John E. McMurry

Chapter23: Carbonyl Condensation Reactions

Section23.SE: Something Extra

Problem 56AP

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I H H3C NOC XT :0: MET H₂C base H3C The aldol reaction is a carbonyl condensation reaction between two carbonyl partners and involves a combination of nucleophilic addition and a-substitution steps. One partner is converted into an enolate ion nucleophile and adds to the electrophilic carbonyl group of the second partner. In the classic aldol reaction, the carbonyl partners are aldehydes or ketones, although aldehydes are more reactive. The product is a ß-hydroxy carbonyl compound. H OH q H3C H₂C H Under reaction conditions slightly more vigorous than those employed for the aldol reaction, the ß-hydroxyl group is eliminated in an E1cB dehydration to give an a,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions heat H H + H₂O
2 H3C H3C H C→XT OH H3C The aldol reaction is a carbonyl condensation reaction between two carbonyl partners and involves a combination of nucleophilic addition and a-substitution steps. One partner is converted into an enolate ion nucleophile and adds to the electrophilic carbonyl group of the second partner. In the classic aldol reaction, the carbonyl partners are aldehydes or ketones, although aldehydes are more reactive. The product is a ß-hydroxy carbonyl compound. base :0: OH H H Under reaction conditions slightly more vigorous than those employed for the aldol reaction, the ß-hydroxyl group is eliminated in an E1cB dehydration to give an a,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instruct ns H3C heat OH H3C :0: H + H₂O H
2 Moin H3C H H₂C C⇒x= base :0: OH Hori H3C H. The aldol reaction is a carbonyl condensation reaction between two carbonyl partners and involves a combination of nucleophilic addition and a-substitution steps. One partner is converted into an enolate ion nucleophile and adds to the electrophilic carbonyl group of the second partner. In the classic aldol reaction, the carbonyl partners are aldehydes or ketones, although aldehydes are more reactive. The product is a B-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Under reaction conditions slightly more vigorous than those employed for the aldol reaction, the ß-hydroxyl group is eliminated in an E1cB dehydration to give an a,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions H₂C Ἡ :0: heat H Home H3C + H₂O
Show all the processes in the mechanism of the reaction.
10. Give the mechanism for the aldol reaction of the given enolate and acetaldehyde, show the aldol product. NB: Show all arrows. Li OTBS H م کی داماد Me OTBS Me Enolate o=/ 26
4. Provide a mechanism for the following reaction. H₂SO4, H₂O HgSO4 en
A ketone is produced from an alkyne by addition of water. Draw the enol intermediate and the mechanism of following reaction.
Please complete the following self-Claisen and self-aldol reactions by drawing structures for the missing reactants or products as needed. Thank you!
Complete the reaction scheme below. Show all reagents and intermediates. No reaction is a possible answer. 1) CH3CH2M9B CH3OH H+ (ехcess) но 2) H30*, H2O B A OCH3
base 2 H3C H H3C OH heat H H3C + H₂O H The aldol reaction is a carbonyl condensation reaction between two carbonyl partners and involves a combination of nucleophilic addition and a-substitution steps. One partner is converted into an enolate ion nucleophile and adds to the electrophilic carbonyl group of the second partner. In the classic aldol reaction, the carbonyl partners are aldehydes or ketones, although aldehydes are more reactive. The product is a ẞ-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Under reaction conditions slightly more vigorous than those employed for the aldol reaction, the ẞ-hydroxyl group is eliminated in an E1CB dehydration to give an a,ẞ-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions X :OH H₂O: а کی H₂C H H₂C H H
7. Propose a mechanism for the following transformation. H* `NH2
4. Draw the aldehydes needed to prepare the compound below by an aldol reaction. OH CHO From: ogynu abmu and Vo

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