1) Develop an analogy for the processes researchers use to make changes to DNA. In analogy, explain how it is similar to the techniques used in genetic engineering. You can draw a graphic organizer, make a table, or write a few sentences describing yo analogy. 2) Devise flowchart that shows the steps to prepare DNA for gel electrophoresis, as we the protocol for setting up and running a gel. You can add diagrams to the flowchart add detailed notes if you like.
Molecular Techniques
Molecular techniques are methods employed in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics to manipulate and analyze nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), protein, and lipids. Techniques in molecular biology are employed to investigate the molecular basis for biological activity. These techniques are used to analyze cellular properties, structures, and chemical reactions, with a focus on how certain molecules regulate cellular reactions and growth.
DNA Fingerprinting and Gel Electrophoresis
The genetic makeup of living organisms is shown by a technique known as DNA fingerprinting. The difference is the satellite region of DNA is shown by this process. Alex Jeffreys has invented the process of DNA fingerprinting in 1985. Any biological samples such as blood, hair, saliva, semen can be used for DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling or molecular fingerprinting.
Molecular Markers
A known DNA sequence or gene sequence is present on a chromosome, and it is associated with a specific trait or character. It is mainly used as a genetic marker of the molecular marker. The first genetic map was done in a fruit fly, using genes as the first marker. In two categories, molecular markers are classified, classical marker and a DNA marker. A molecular marker is also known as a genetic marker.
DNA Sequencing
The most important feature of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules are nucleotide sequences and the identification of genes and their activities. This the reason why scientists have been working to determine the sequences of pieces of DNA covered under the genomic field. The primary objective of the Human Genome Project was to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human nuclear genome. DNA sequencing selectively eliminates the introns leading to only exome sequencing that allows proteins coding.
Nucleic acids are macromolecules composed of nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base) bound by phosphodiester bonds. The phosphate groups on both of these molecules have a net negative charge. The whole set of DNA molecules in the nucleus is called the genome. DNA has two complementary strands of hydrogen bonding between paired bases. The two strands can be separated by exposure to high temperatures (DNA denaturation) and can be regenerated by cooling. The DNA can be repeated by the enzyme DNA polymerase.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps with 1 images
