1 2 I 3 . . (a) Identify the point in mitosis at which separase cleaves the protein complex that holds sister chromatid pairs together. In normal cells, separase is kept in an inactive state until it is needed. Explain how the progression of cells past sequential cell cycle checkpoints and the activity of enzymes such as separase is controlled by interactions between two major groups of regulatory proteins.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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. 2 3 1 4 . 5
6 I 7. ..
(a) Identify the point in mitosis at which separase cleaves the protein complex that holds sister chromatid pairs together. In
normal cells, separase is kept in an inactive state until it is needed. Explain how the progression of cells past sequential cell
cycle checkpoints and the activity of enzymes such as separase is controlled by interactions between two major groups of
regulatory proteins.
(b) Identify an independent variable in the experiment graphed in Figure 1. Based on the data in Figure 1, identify a control
that shows that Sepin-1 rather than something else in the culture medium is inhibiting the growth of the cancer cells.
(c) Based on the data in Table 1, describe the general relationship between the sensitivity of cells to Sepin-1 and the
concentration of separase in the cells. Use the Figure 1 data to calculate the ratio between the amount of Sepin-1 required
to kill 50% of the cells in the cell line that is most sensitive to the compound and the cell line that is least sensitive to the
compound.
(d) The scientists hope to test Sepin-1 in clinical trials with human cancer patients. The scientists claim that one way to test
the efficacy of the Sepin-1 treatment will be to obtain periodic samples of the patients' cancer cells and determine the
percent of cells in metaphase. Provide reasoning to support the scientists' claim.
US
Transcribed Image Text:. 2 3 1 4 . 5 6 I 7. .. (a) Identify the point in mitosis at which separase cleaves the protein complex that holds sister chromatid pairs together. In normal cells, separase is kept in an inactive state until it is needed. Explain how the progression of cells past sequential cell cycle checkpoints and the activity of enzymes such as separase is controlled by interactions between two major groups of regulatory proteins. (b) Identify an independent variable in the experiment graphed in Figure 1. Based on the data in Figure 1, identify a control that shows that Sepin-1 rather than something else in the culture medium is inhibiting the growth of the cancer cells. (c) Based on the data in Table 1, describe the general relationship between the sensitivity of cells to Sepin-1 and the concentration of separase in the cells. Use the Figure 1 data to calculate the ratio between the amount of Sepin-1 required to kill 50% of the cells in the cell line that is most sensitive to the compound and the cell line that is least sensitive to the compound. (d) The scientists hope to test Sepin-1 in clinical trials with human cancer patients. The scientists claim that one way to test the efficacy of the Sepin-1 treatment will be to obtain periodic samples of the patients' cancer cells and determine the percent of cells in metaphase. Provide reasoning to support the scientists' claim. US
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