Can you provide examples and explain them? . Identifying differences between resonance structures and structural isomers. IUPAC naming of alkanes

Step 1:Resonance structures differ only in the arrangement of electrons while isomers have different…

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Chemistry: Matter and Change

1st Edition

ISBN:9780078746376

Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom

Publisher:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom

Chapter21: Hydrocarbons

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 86A

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Similar questions

How does the structure of a cycloalkane differ from that of a straight-chain or branched-chain alkane?
What is the difference in bonding and in the general molecular formula between an alkene and an alkane with the same number of carbon atoms?
Is the general formula of a cycloalkanes the same as the general formula of an alkane, CnH2n+2? Draw any structural diagram to illustrate your answer.
What is the difference in bonding and in general molecular formula between an alkene and a cycloalkane with the same number of carbon atoms?
Distinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.
Functionalized Hydrocarbons Identify each compound according to its functional group (e.g.,amine,ester,etc.):
What is meant by the term “unsaturated hydrocarbon”? What structural feature characterizes unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Summarize the nomenclature rules for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds. Correct the following false statements regarding nomenclature of hydrocarbons. a. The root name for a hydrocarbon is based on the shortest continuous chain of carbon atoms. b. The suffix used to name all hydrocarbons is -ane. c. Substituent groups are numbered so as to give the largest numbers possible. d. No number is required to indicate the positions of double or triple bonds in alkenes and alkynes. e. Substituent groups get the lowest number possible in alkenes and alkynes. f. The ortho- term in aromatic hydrocarbons indicates the presence of two substituent groups bonded to carbon- 1 and carbon-3 in benzene.
5) Join four carbon atoms together by single bonds. Is it possible to do this in more than one way? Add hydrogen atoms to all the unused valences of carbon atoms. 6) What is the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon molecule? 7) What are the common names and IUPAC names of the isomers? 8) Draw the structural formulas of these compounds. 9) Draw different conformations (Newman projection) of straight chain containing four-carbon alkane. N f10 f11 N 53°F Cloudy f12 < C inse
Indicate whether each molecule is an aliphatic or an aromatic hydrocarbon. If it is aliphatic, identify the molecule as an alkane, an alkene, or an alkyne. Separate your answer with a dash. Example. ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON-CYCLOALKANE * H H H. TH. H
What are the four classes of hydrocarbons? Give a structural formula example of each, and then name each example using the IUPAC nomenclature.
Write structural formulas for any 6 of the 18 structural isomers of octane.

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. Identifying differences between resonance structures and structural isomers . IUPAC naming of alkanes