Tarea3.1STATENTREGA
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Statistics
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Jun 5, 2024
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docx
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Gráficas estadísticas Christine Belén Vidro
NUC University División en Línea
STAT 2000-3140ONL - Introduction to Statistics I
Profa. Rosita Robles Vázquez
3/24/24
Resuelve los ejercicios a continuación según las instrucciones provistas para cada uno.
Ejercicio 1
Se realiza un estudio para determinar la manera en la que las personas obtienen empleo. La tabla incluye los datos de 400 personas que fueron seleccionadas aleatoriamente. Fuentes de empleo de personas encuestadas
Frecuencia
Anuncios clasificados
56
Empresas que buscan ejecutivos
44
Contactos interpersonales
280
Envíos por correo
20
a.
Construye una gráfica circular que corresponda a estos datos. (5 puntos)
b.
Si alguien deseara obtener un empleo, ¿cuál parece ser la fuente más efectiva? (2 puntos)
Contactos interpersonales
c.
¿Cuál fuente tiene el porciento menor de personas? (2 puntos)
Envíos por correo
56 5600%
44 4400%
280 28000%
20
2000%
Fuente de empleo de personas encuestadas
Anuncios clasificados
Empresas que buscan ejecutivos
Contactos interpersonales
Envíos por correo
Ejercicio 2
a.
Construye una gráfica de Pareto con los datos de la tabla del ejercicio 1. (5 puntos)
b.
Compárala con la gráfica circular que construiste, ¿Cuál gráfica te parece ser más efectiva para mostrar la importancia de las fuentes de empleo? Explica tu respuesta. (2 puntos)
Una gráfica circular me parece más efectiva para mostrar proporciones. Ya cada “rebanada” de la gráfica representa una categoría de datos y su tamaño es proporcional a la cantidad que representa. Sin embargo, la gráfica circular puede ser menos efectiva si se tienen muchas categorías.
1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
280
56
44
20
Fuentes de empleo de personas encuestadas Frecuencias
Ejercicio 3
A continuación, se presenta una lista de mediciones de presión arterial diastólica de un grupo personas seleccionadas:
62
70
72
88
70
66
68
70
82
74
90
62
70
76
90
86
60
78
82
78
84
76
60
64
a.
Construye una gráfica de puntos con los datos presentados. (5 puntos)
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b.
¿Existe algún valor atípico? Si es así, indica cuál o cuáles son. (2 puntos)
No observo ningún valor atípico. Todos los puntos parecen estar distribuidos de manera coherente.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Mediación de presión arterial diastólica Ejercicio 4
a.
Construye una gráfica de tallo y hoja con los datos provistos en el ejercicio 3. (5 puntos)
b.
¿Cuál dato tiene mayor frecuencia? (2 puntos)
7
c.
Compara esta gráfica con la que elaboraste en el ejercicio 3. ¿Cuál gráfica te parece ser más efectiva para representar este conjunto de datos? Explica tu respuesta. (2 puntos)
Prefiero la gráfica de puntos debido a ser más efectiva para representar este conjunto de datos en este caso de presión arterial diastólica.
Tall
o
Hoj
a
6
0
0
2
2
4
6
8
7
0
0
0
0
2
4
6
6
8
8
8
2
2
4
6
8
9
0
0
Ejercicio 5
En un estudio sobre la preferencia de frutas de un grupo de personas, se encontró que 45 prefieren las manzanas, 30 prefieren las chinas, 15 prefieren las uvas y 10 prefieren las peras. a.
Prepara una gráfica de barras para representar estos datos. (5 puntos)
b.
¿Cómo distingues en la gráfica cuál es la fruta preferida por la mayoría de las personas encuestadas? (2 puntos)
Para determinar cuál es la fruta preferida por la mayoría de las personas encuestadas en la
gráfica, busco la barra más larga. La longitud de la barra representa la cantidad de personas que prefieren esa fruta en particular. En este caso, la fruta con la barra más larga
es la “Manzana”, lo que indica que es la fruta preferida por la mayoría de las personas encuestadas.
c.
¿Cuántas personas fueron encuestadas? (1 punto)
Se encuestó a un total de 100 personas. Esto se determina sumando las preferencias de todas las frutas presentadas en la gráfica.
Manzana
Chinas
Uvas
Peras
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
45
30
15
10
Preferencias de frutas
Referiencias
Prof. Rosita Robles Vázquez
https://recordings.rna1.blindsidenetworks.com/nuc/
c33b4eb9530f01b217051285ff59a8a87392dfe8-1710972553697/capture/
Triola, M. F., & Murrieta Murrieta, J. E. (2018). Estadística (J. E. Murrieta Murrieta. Trad.; 12.a ed.).
Grisales Aguirre, A. M. (2019). Estadística descriptiva y probabilidad con aplicaciones en EXCEL y SPSS.
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