Evaluating Sample Populations in Justice Research

docx

School

Grand Canyon University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

610

Subject

Sociology

Date

Apr 3, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by SuperSnow13820

1 Evaluating Sample Populations in Justice Research Jeremy Harris JUS-510-O500 Research Methods Professor Dr. Richard Kamerman July 26, 2023

2 Evaluating Sample Populations in Justice Research Introduction The FBI agency gathers from the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. The UCR’s information comes from the Summary Reporting System (SRS). These departments are [ort their findings through the National Incident-Based Reporting System. The data is put into the SRS for consistency. The category of violent crime is composed of several offenses. These offenses are murders, nonnegligent manslaughters, rapes, robberies, and aggravated assaults. Property crime comprises burglaries, robberies, and motor vehicle thefts (The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program, 2023). The UCR Program puts data into its site, www.fbi.gov. The site has multi-year presentations in the Crime Data Explorer (CDE). The tables on the site can differ from the data found in the primary files. The UCR consolidates and reviews the data for quality. The data is retrieved from all law enforcement departments. The FBI includes estimations in its presentation. The estimates consider the population size, district, and locations. The FBI Uniform Crime Reporting Program uses different crime reports to establish a picture of crime trends in the country. Five Resources of Information on Crime The first resource comes from the FBI (2021). It is the press release for the 2020 Crime Statistics. This data shows an increase in violent crimes for the first time in four years. This determination comes from comparing the data from previous years. The information shows violent crimes increased five-point six percent from the twenty-nineteen. Property crimes dropped by seven points to eight points. This is the eighteenth year in a row that this stat has decreased. The information shows that there were 387.8 offenses for 100,000 residents in twenty-twenty. When property crimes are observed, there are 1,958.2 offenses for 100,000

3 residents. Violent crimes rose by five-point two percent. The second resource is CityRating.com (2023). This site displayed information on violent crime for the year 2019. The data shows a downward trend in violent crimes, while property crimes decreased over ten years. Thos that the FBI reported offenses from law enforcement. The projections for the future were made from the available data (CityRating.com, 2023). The third source is Drydenwire.com (2022). This cites listed data from the annual crime in the United States (CIUS) of 2021. This report came from state-level and federal data. The FBI releases this Data to study the trends in violent crimes year to year. The changes in trends are due to every agency in the nation moving to the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) to report crime data. The FBI can say data goes back twenty years. The NIBRS is a better system for getting information. The fourth resource comes from The U.S. Department of Justice (2021). This source shows crime trends discussed in the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and information found in the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR)program. The information in these programs overlaps, but the data is not identical regarding offenses. These reports estimate the difference between the two. The fifth source resource comes from The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) (2020). This data shows crime for human trafficking. This information appears in the UCR Program. Before this year, there was no validity for the information in the UCR on human trafficking. Researchers for this report looked for accuracy in the reported numbers. Do they report the sampling information? The UCR Program uses reliable statistics that come from information in law enforcement. The data is compiled from students of criminal justice, research, and the media. The program comes from eighteen thousand cities, universities, and law enforcement agencies. These agencies voluntarily put their information into the program. The program is a compiler of

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

4 information. It used numbers that come in from the information placed in the system. The only way to report sample information is for the agency that submits the info to use samples. The UCR categorizes its data into offenses (The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program, 2023). These categories are not based on sampling. Since these sites use the information from the UCR, the sources do not use sampling. What statistics do they present? The statistics are broken into two parts. The UCR contains information on violent and property crimes in Part I. In this part II, a researcher can find information on assaults, rapes, murders, and robberies (FBI, 2023). Crimes like arson, burglary, larceny, and motor vehicle theft are called property crimes. They are named Index crimes. In Part II, the UCR tracks assault, curfew, loitering offenses, embezzlement, and forgery. There are many other minor crimes in this category. The UCR holds data on all these categories. The information captures statistics from each crime. There is data on victims in the database. The UCR partners with the Bureau of Justice Statistics to emphasize the importance of data. These sources take advantage of the information found in the UCR (FBI, 2023). Do They Report the Sampling Information? The UCR provides information on specific offenses. The database had information on all crimes. The data is stored as it is presented in the UCR. The information has a lot of detail (FBI, 2023). The data includes the date and time of the offense. The info tells if the crime was attempted or completed. The victim and their relationship to the offenders are demographically detailed. The data on the crime descriptions of drug, alcohol, and gang activity is described. When appropriately used, the program can identify the when and where of the crime. The data contains the characteristics of the victims and perpetrators. The files will say whether there was a

5 weapon involved in the crime. A researcher can take this information and do all kinds of sampling. The data is dumped into the system. It is a system that holds accounts of different crimes (FBI, 2023). A person can take the data within and do sampling with the information. The sources found for this paper used the information in the UCR. There was no sampling involved in the data. Do they report the sampling method used in the studies? The information found in the UCR has collected information containing a yearly account of crimes recorded by law enforcement. This data comes from law enforcement departments. The UCR database does keep information on populations. The data is not taken from a sample. The numbers are based on the population in the district (FBI, 2023). The data is based on the number of incidences for the people in the population. There is no subgroup taken from the population to get examined. The information is used to bring crime rates to the population. The UCR data use the people of the local agency. The data collected uses aggregate counts for the occurrences of crimes in Part I offenses. The process is the same for crimes in Part II (FBI, 2023). The sources in this paper mirror the information found in the UCR. What properties of sampling distribution do you need forstatistical inference? The FBI’s UCR Program is an effort to voluntarily keep and report the crimes that happen yearly (FBI, 2023). It has been in existence since 1930. The UCR Program continues to assess and monitor crime. The main objective of the program is to have a reliable database of data that can be used by law enforcement to observe crime trends. Criminologists, students, and researchers can get varied data (FBI, 2023). The information can be gathered to do specific research. The data represents the crimes that are committed in America. The data represents ninety-eight percent of the population since 2011 (FBI, 2023). The district active in the UCR is

6 representative of 310 million people. This vast database of information can be used for the many available sampling forms. The person must do the sampling to gather the data (FBI, 2023). The sources in this paper did not do sampling but presented the information found in the UCR. How would you improve the sampling methods? The UCR does an excellent job of gathering information. Information can be used in a myriad of ways. The UCR could be improved by inputting a question and getting the info disaggregated by the need of the person wanting the data. At this point, a person can get information on crime trends from the period. It is at the discretion of the information gatherer to do sampling and determine how crime affects a particular population (FBI, 2023). 1988 The Data Advisory Board was created to deal with UCR issues. In 1993 it merged with the National Crime Information Center Advisory Policy Board to become the Advisory Policy Board (APB). The board addresses any problems that involve the UCR. The APB ensures the data retained in the UCR is appropriately used. Anyone who has access to this information would benefit from having the report broken into samples from the population, but being able to have access to the data is still a plus (FBI, 2023). Conclusion The UCR is a beautiful way to mine data to get information on crime trends in the nation. The different reports in the database can create a vivid picture of crimes committed in the country. The way the UCR collects and disseminates information has been unchanged for decades. The UCR needs to modernize the data with improved statistics. The FBI recognizes the need to update the program (FBI, 2023). The FBI needs to present a system that gives data researchers optimum feedback. The UCR needs a new algorithm to provide data on crimes that might interest people. Second, the FBI must validate all the information in the system to ensure

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

7 validity. The last recommendation is for the APB to do more to assist people with getting the information desired quickly and uninterrupted by clearances.

8 References CityRating.com (2023). Crime Statistics Report (U.S. Crime Rates). https://www.cityrating.com/crime-statistics/ Council on Criminal Justice. (2023). Crime Trends in U.S. Cities: Mid-Year 2023 Update https://counciloncj.org/mid-year-2023-crime-trends/ Drydenwire.com. (2021, September 29). FBI Releases 2020 Crime Statistics https://drydenwire.com/news/fbireleases-2020-crime-statistics/ FBI.gov, (2022, August). Estimates Will Help Fill in Crime Statistics Gap https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/estimates-will-help-fill-in-crime-statistics-gap-081122 The National Institute of Justice. (2020, August 4). Gaps in Reporting Human Trafficking Incidents Result in Significant Undercounting.https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/gaps- reporting-human-trafficking-incidents-result-significant-undercounting The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. (2023). Methodology https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/LATEST/webapp/#/pages/explorer/crime/crime-trend The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. (2023). National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) https://www.fbi.gov/how-we-can-help-you/more-fbi-services-and information/ucr/nibrs The U.S. Department of Justice. (2021). The National Crime Victimization Survey Program: A complementary picture of crime in 2020 https://bjs.ojp.gov/sites/xyckuh236/files/mediacv20_ncvs_ucr_supplement.pdf

Evaluating Sample Populations in Justice Research

Related Documents