socy325

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Sociology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Queen’s University Department of Sociology SOCY 325 Final Exam Fall 2012 3 hours INSTRUCTIONS (There are 40 multiple choice questions to this exam. You need to answer EACH question. ) 1. Fill out the Scantron form with your name and student number. Make sure both are correct. 2. When ready to answer a question, indicate your RIGHT answer on the Scantron form against the same question number as in the exam sheet. Do not mark more than once per question. 3. Make sure you have answered all 40 questions and that your name and number are properly indicated on the Scantron form. Hand back both the exam sheet and the Scantron form. EXAM QUESTIONS (answer all 40 on the Scantron form) 1. The scope of theory in this course is best described as: a) structural functional theory. b) post modernism. ¢) modernism. 2. Three common social facts addressed --directly and indirectly- by the theorists covered in this course are: the rise of fascism in Europe, the failure of widespread class-based revolt against capitalism, increased religious fundamentalism. a) false. b) true. 3. Heidegger’'s concept of Dasein includes: a) the notion of 'being-there'. b) time as sociologically significant. c) the idea that we are not isolated minds, but active participants in a world of meaning. d) all of the above. 4. "Authenticity” for Heidegger: a) means that we should always speak truthfully. b) is embracing both the past that forms us as well as the future in terms of our goals and wishes. c) denies the present as significant. 5. Time, as understood by Heidegger, functions sociologically through the past to determine who we are and through our pro;ectlon of ourselves into the future to direct our behavior. a) true. b) false.

6. A Coke ad executive and sociology grad, is very excited to use Heidegger's concept of “being in the world” or Dasein to sell more Coke. His ad campaign would then be: a) an image of many different people from all over the world simply being there, all smiling and waving to the camera as equals. b) a father looking thoughtfully down at the face of his newborn baby and hoping for the best for his child. ¢) an exciting display of the grandeur of nature, from around the world — no people. 7. Heidegger would describe us as all of the following EXCEPT: a) social beings who interpret themselves and their surroundings primarily through engaged action. b) participants in a determinate meta-narrative. c) as situated and historical. 8. Habermas is most closely associated with the concept of social emancipation as: a) the individual understanding and interpretation of social activities. b) the result of a grounded analysis of social events, such as the Holocaust. c) positivist approaches or understanding society as rationalized and predicted through science. 9. The “public sphere” is Habermas’ way of a) making the argument that in the face of a political legitimation crisis, a genuine public debate between equals is needed. b) defining the varied ways in which we differentiate between levels of sociality (from the external to the internal). ¢) locating the proper place for claims of what is true. 10. A good example of Habermas’ “communicative action” would be: a) a clear spoken individual who relies on widely accepted facts, and has no hidden agenda, no matter what their moral position. b) a clear spoken individual who relies on widely accepted facts, and has no hidden agenda, but could be considered unjustified in their moral position. c) a clear spoken individual who relies on widely accepted facts, and has no hidden agenda, and is considered justified in their moral position. 11. One of the main transformations to early 20" century social theory that Adorno introduced was the sociological consideration of: a) exchange vaiue. b) idealism. ¢) culture. 12. The reason why Adorno (and others like him in Critical Theory) attacked instrumental reason is because: a) he saw how the use of positivism exploited social groups. ‘ b) he was a Fascist. ¢) he saw how religious fundamentalism exploited social groups. 13. Bourdieu was a social theorist influenced by phenomenociogical thought and was an anti-marxist, who favoured agency over structure. a) true. b) false.

14. “Habitus” is a concept argued by Bourdieu which: a) is constituted in structure and always oriented to practical functions. b) is constituted in practice and always oriented to practical functions. c) is constituted in practice and always oriented to structural functionalism. 15. A good example of Bourdieu's “structuration” is: a) a traditional and married Jewish mother and Jewish father sharing Hanukkah with their lesbian daughter and her partner. b) a married Muslim mother and Muslim father refusing to host their lesbian daughter-in-law for Eid. ¢) a divorced Muslim mother and Jewish father coming together and hosting their lesbian daughter—in-law for Christmas. 16. Characteristically, Critical Theorists of the Frankfurt School: a) believe in the concept of unconstrained individual agency. b) critique mass homogeneous culture. ¢) critique heterogeneous culture. 17. Giddens’ “structuration” involves: a) rapid socio-structural change due to individual actions. b) conscious and unconscious connection by individuals to social structures. ¢) slow socio-cultural change due to structural evolution. 18. Giddens’ “Third Way” refers to reflexivity in terms of which of the following: a) practical consciousness — what we can act on but cannot articulate. b) unconsciousness — that which we don’t express or act on. c) discursive consciousness — what we are able to say to ourselves and to others. d)AandC. 19. Giddens’ theory of structuration works in explaining the world cycling champion, Lance Armstrong’s fall in the face of doping accusations as follows: a) Armstrong was determined a failure in relation to structured social expectations of a world-class athlete. b) Armstrong’s doping use is determined by ever-increasing performance expectations in elite athletics . ¢) Armstrong's doping use is an understandable but poor choice in the face of ever-increasing performance expectations in elite athletics. 20. Luhmann’s fascination with systems theory helps us understand society as: a) simply structural and functional. b) complex and based on discrete subsystems of meaning. ¢) hierarchical subsystems of meaning. 21. Luhmann's “functional differentiation” explains: a) how meaning circulates within specific social fields, such as aesthetics in art. b) how modern social complexity can be understood in terms of the functional needs of a subsystem. c) A and B.

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22. Luhmann’s approach to “love” as a socially symbolic meaning that is situated in time and place is best illustrated by: a) the Hallmark Valentine’s greeting card. b) the Hallmark Valentine’s greeting card, and a mother’s day card. ¢) the Hallmark Valentine's greeting card, a mother's day card and “bromance” in contemporary popular culture. 23. Beck’s "risk society” includes: a) uninsurable risk. b) a powerful combination of scientific rationalism and economic progress. c) fate. d) A and B. 24. Beck’s “reflexive modernity” is: a) a way of dealing with second-age risk. b) a way of dealing with globalized risk in a post-industrial society. ¢) a way of dealing with a society where affective relations (family), gender, occupation and belief in science and economic progress are radically undermined. d) a way of dealing with society where individualization has taken control of resistance. e) all of the above. 25. How does Beck explain that humanity may not be able to solve ecological problems like 'global warming'? a) in modernity we rationalize this problem as 'fate’ and believe it is out of our control. b) capitalist society uses propaganda to make us believe this problem is non-existent, and one-dimensional consumer culture has taught us to be non-critical. i ¢) a process of individualization means we are overly concerned with our own private problems and as a result there is a lack of collective action to solve global issues. d) as a result of modernity we are overly concerned with 'silly pleasures' and thus do not pay attention to these more important issues. 26. The best example of Beck’s characterization of risk today from the following is: a) flying. b) global warming. ¢) scuba diving at night. 27. Chodorow’s explanation of social differences between boys and girls is based on all EXCEPT: a) a Freudian-based analysis of gender production. b) a naturally occurring distinction between male and female humans. ¢) an analysis of family and social structure. d) a critical analysis of patriarchy. 28. According to Chodorow, girls’ individuation from the mother is more complicated than that of boys. a) false. b) true.

29. The best illustration of Chodorow’s “reproduction of mothering” from the following is: a) women giving birth to girls. b) a young adult woman deciding to have a baby because all of her friends are doing this. c) a middle-aged professional woman who feels she has done enough career-wise and now can satisfy her long-felt urge to have a child. d) a woman who decides to have many children. 30. Basically the difference between Taylor's “situated self’ and his "self-interpreting self” is: a) the former simply determines the latter. b) the former is determined by social structure while the latter is not determined but interpreted. ¢) the former is determined by social structure and the latter is determined by language. 31. Both Beck and Taylor theorize “individualism” as: a) a problem that has led to political indifference. b) a positive social outcome. ¢) social isolation leading to suicide. d) perpetuating identity crises and social fragmentation. e)AandD. 32. Taylor's interest in hermeneutics and language supports his argument that: a) positivistic science does not and cannot know all. b) language is very localized and gives rise to distinct communities and social identities. ¢) language is highly structured and determines individual identities. d) A and B. 33. One of Bangladesh’s 4500 garment factories caught on fire recently killing over 100 people. With notorious over-crowding and locked fire doors common in this, the second largest exporter of clothing after China, Taylor would likely explain this occurrence as a problem of modernity due to: a) individualism - in terms of the West's demand for cheap clothing. b) instrumental reason — in terms of cost/benefit calculations. ¢) lack of political participation — in terms of addressing safe work conditions in legislation in Bangladesh and abroad. d) none of the above. ' e) all of the above. 34. Bauman's understanding of society today is best described as: a) capitalist in the traditional sense. b) a consumer society with a new form of capital that seduces us as individuals. ¢) an age of defiance.

35. Bauman'’s call for a “reflexive social inquiry” into social problems requires us to: a) appreciate self and society as contingent. b) resign ourselves to moral indifference and moral invisibility. ¢) fight against capitalist seduction that leaves us feeling individually responsible and hopeless in the face of enormous problems that are too costly to address. dyAandC 36. Which of the following theorists emphasizes subjectivity primarily in terms of cultural exchange (as in art, film, music and so on)? a) Adorno. b) Horkheimer. ¢) Chodorow. d) Habermas. e) all the above. 37. Failure of the global community to address climate change is best made sense of by what theory? a) Heidegger: Dasein is to question existence and its perils.’ b) Habermas: communicative action can have powerful and significant effects on societal crises. ¢) Taylor: language is intimately connected to identity. d) Luhmann: discrete functional systems cannot easily communicate between each other to solve a common problem. 38. Throughout the course many theorists have critically addressed issues raised in modern society or by modernity. Which of the _ following is NOT the target of these critical views or modernism? a) increased attention to individuals and increased individualization. b) meta-narratives. ¢) increased reliance on science and positivism for explanations of universal truth. 39. Generally speaking, we have seen in this course how society is seen as increasingly complex and individuals as: a) the source of innate reason. b) sites of both agency and exploitation. ¢) always moral and ethical. 40. One thing that all theorists covered in this course share is their belief that there is no longer any use to Marxist critique. a) true. b) false. The End — Have a great break!

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