SOC-FPX1150_Hannah Halstead_Assessment Two_attempt one

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Apr 3, 2024

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1 How Society Works SOC-FPX1150 Capella University Hannah Halstead September 2023

2 Scenario One Question: Does the gender of work team members affect productivity? Step One: Research Design and Literature Review To begin, Jessica needs to review data that has been collected previously on the productivity of workers based on gender, work groups, and different group dynamics. This is a specific research topic, so there may not be much information available to her, but by narrowing down the niche she will be able to get more relevant information. Step Two: Data Collection Jessica may be missing quite a bit of data for her research, so she is going to have knowledge gaps that she needs to fill. This will be the most important step of her process. Jessica can conduct a survey that asks employees about their work habits, job satisfaction, and other things that can help determine productivity. She can also conduct observations where she watches employees in action without asking questions, to see what they talk about and how they spend their time. Jessica can run reports to view productivity by looking at time usage reports, hours worked, profitability, and others. Finally, it would be beneficial for Jessica to conduct experiments using different genders in groups to see how productive they are. Her studies would fall into qualitative since she is using her opinion on what would be considered productive. Step Three: Data Analysis To analyze the data she receives, Jessica should review all of the information she has gathered on the topic. She will use the qualitative data analysis method of thematic analysis. “Thematic analysis looks at patterns of meaning in a data set – for example, a set of interviews or

3 focus group transcripts. But what exactly does that… mean? Well, a thematic analysis takes bodies of data (which are often quite large) and groups them according to similarities – in other words, themes. These themes help us make sense of the content and derive meaning from it.” (Warren, 2023). Step Four: Conclusion To form a conclusion, Jessica should combine all of her information and summarize the main points. For example, maybe women were the most productive and groups of both men and women were the least productive. Jessica also needs to state the reasoning behind the findings in her conclusion. Making Informed Decisions By completing this research, Jessica may be better able to assist her company in creating high function groups. Her knowledge on how different genders work together in groups at work will allow her to create the best groups possible and avoid putting unproductive groups together. If women and men together create the least productive groups because of conscious or unconscious differences, she may be able to alter the way groups are built by always having the majority of members a specific gender. Scenario Two Question: Do the strict policies in place contribute to increased levels of bullying? Step One: Research Design and Literature Review During step one, research design and literature review, Julius should review any studies that have already been conducted on the topic of bullying and the effects of strict policies. By

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4 studying these, he will be able to redefine his question and understand any gaps in knowledge there may be. For example, one study on the connection between strict anti-bullying policies and bullying rates stated that zero-tolerance bullying policies are linked to different forms of bullying, like cyber-bullying and that zero-tolerance policies are actually counterproductive. (Borgwald, 2012). By reviewing current data on bullying and policies, it will help him gain an understanding of what to look for during his investigation and understand the statistics behind some of his questions. Step Two: Data Collection There are many different ways to collect data for sociological research, but in this case, the first one I recommend is to use surveys and questionnaires. These should be given to all staff members and students and contain 5-15 questions regarding bullying, their experiences, and their opinions. The questionnaires should be completely anonymous to ensure honest feedback from participants. Next, interviewing students, parents, and staff is a great way to get more detailed information about individual experiences. This should be optional, with the option to remain anonymous as well. Julius should also review case studies to gather scientific information on a broader level. The majority of this research will be quantitative research, whereas it will mainly be measurable. Certain aspects, like interviews, may be qualitative because depending on what is said, they may be more so left for interpretation. The two are explained as, “Quantitative research is based on numbers and mathematical calculations (aka quantitative data), qualitative research is based on written or spoken narratives (or qualitative data).” (Unknown, 2023). Step Three: Data Analysis

5 For Julius, this step will be time consuming. He will need to organize the surveys, questionnaires, and interviews and compile the data into organized groups. He will also need to interpret the questionnaires and interviews depending on the questions he asked and answers he received. For example, yes, no, and maybe questions will be much easier to organize compared to descriptive answers. Julius may use more than one form of analysis. He will use quantitative data analysis of frequency to determine the frequency of bullying based on the policies in place and testimonies of people he interviewed. He could also use narrative analysis from the interviews, and frequency for surveys. Or even interpretive phenomenological analysis for analyzing experiences. I think it would be best if he used a combination of frequency and narrative analysis. Step Four: Conclusion To complete the final step of Julius’s sociological research, he will need to compile his findings into a conclusion that has support from evidence. The conclusion will also answer the question he asked in the very beginning, “Do the strict policies in place contribute to increased levels of bullying?” The conclusion should be his findings in a nutshell, and give a summary of what was found during the research. Making Informed Decisions The study Julius conducted allows him to make an informed decision and recommendation regarding bullying policies in his school. By discovering that zero-tolerance policies have little to no effect, and can even worsen the problem, he would be able to advise his school to make policies that are a little bit leaner or find new ways to lower the problem.

6 References Borgwald, K., & Theixos, H., (2012). “Bullying the bully: Why zero-tolerance policies get a failing grade.” Social Influence , 8:2-3, 149-160, DOI: 10.1080/15534510.2012.724030 Unknown, (2023). “Qualitative vs Quantitative - Difference and Comparison.” Diffen . https://www.diffen.com/difference/Qualitative_vs_Quantitative Warren, K., (2023). “Qualitative Data Analysis Methods 101: The “Big 6” Methods + Examples.” GradCoach. https://gradcoach.com/qualitative-data-analysis-methods/

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