Alysa's CJ paper 1

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Apr 3, 2024

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Alysa Ruiz CRIJ 4343 ISSUES IN CORRECTIONS Chapters 10-11 Exam #3 1. Studies of the juvenile system revel that racial minorities are subject to “cumulative disadvantage” or “compound risk.” Explain what this means and why it is a cause for concern. Studies show that African American and Hispanics are more likely than whites to be victims of violent crimes. Many minorities that live in a single parent family house hold are in higher risk for violence. Communities with disadvantages such as high crime rates and low-income families will have more young adults in the juvenile system. Data from the NCVS and the NIBRS shows this and it causes a concern because this means that teenagers who will soon become adults are already causing problems in the system. 2. Why did Dylan Roof murder these people? Should we call Dylan Roof a terrorist? Will taking down the confederate flag help? Dylan Roof murdered African Americans because he wanted to start a “race war”. He embraced racist groups and their ideology. Dylan Roof is considered a terrorist because he used unlawful violence against innocent people. Taking down the confederate flag will not help because people will still have these ideologies and commit racial crimes no matter what. Other precautions should be taken into place to stop shootings and racial discrimination. 3. Piper’s first taste of prison comes when she surrenders herself to the guards at Danbury. Throughout the memoir, the prisoners endure a number of humiliating tasks at the hands

of the guards—arguably, the most vivid being the naked squat/cough ritual after every visitation. Interestingly, though, the incidents that most affect Piper seem to be when one guard refuses to call her by her last name at mail call, sexual harassment from her boss on the electrical job, and a gruff, uncomfortable gynecological exam. Why do you think that is? How do these humiliating encounters shape her view of prison life and of the psychic effects of incarceration on prisoners? Incidents such as sexual harassment and being exposed can take a big toll on a woman. The social environment in prison has unstated boundaries, many times in order to survive you must do things that make you feel uncomfortable, this alone can cause psychic effects on prisoners such as like Piper. It makes woman feel more vulnerable and un-powerful when they have little say in on what happens to them. These humiliating encounters makes Piper view prison life as a terrible place that is hard to survive in. It makes her realize how grateful she is to be in prison for a short amount of time instead of knowing that she has to spend the rest of her life in there. Throughout the book Piper starts appreciating really small things, this has to do with her bad experiences in prison and how she is grateful for anything good that could come out of it. 4. The women in the prison have a very definite social system of their own. What purposes do those social systems serve for the prisoners? How do things like food and humor play a role in prisoners’ survival? What special strengths and vulnerabilities do women have when they are in tight-knit single-sex communities such as Danbury? How do you think the needs (emotional and otherwise) of incarcerated men and women differ, and how do their needs differ once they return home?

Social Systems play a big role because it gives the woman a sense of structure. These social systems serve as a community and a way of life for these prisoners. Food is used as a currency, in order for an inmate to do a favor for another inmate. Food is also a way for the inmates to bond for instance in chapter 4 Nina bought Piper “vanilla ice cream and two cans of root beer…… It was the best thing I had tasted since I got to prison. I felt tears pricking behind my eyes. I was so happy. Thank you, Nina. Thank you so much.” This shows that even something simple like a root beer float can make one feel the slightest of happiness. Humor is another way for the prisoners to cope with the harsh conditions of living in prison, it bonds them together. Living in a tight-knit single sex community makes the women have closer bonds with each other because they try to help one another out. For example, “this was a tribal ritual that I would see play out hundreds of times in the future. When a new person arrived, their tribe would immediately make note of their situation, get them settled and steer them through their arrival.” I think that incarcerated men differ from woman because it is more aggressive and dangerous in a male’s prisons. In a woman’s prison, there are tighter knit groups that serve like a family. Their needs differ when they arrive home because they must learn to accustom to normal behaviors. Now that they have their actual family, and they do not need fill that void any longer nor do they feel controlled anymore. 5. At the end of Chapter 8, Piper discusses the relationship between guards and prisoners. How do you think prison guards can maintain their humanity when the very requirement of their job is to restrict the rights of individuals? Are there any guards or persons of authority in Piper’s story who favorably distinguish themselves by their behavior? Prison Guards can maintain their humanity by respecting the prisoners, treating them with respect as they would do with any other human in the real world. Unless it is

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absolutely necessary, should they have to use physical force when restricting a prisoner. The guard Maple is one who favorably distinguishes himself when he calls Piper by her first name instead of her last night like everyone else, as he reads the mail out loud. Piper explains that the guards are the only male figures that the women are exposed too and so they have a lot of authority over them because they are male. When the guard Maple stated her first name instead of her last name it made her feel strange, all the other prisoners whispered about it and saw how Piper was being singled out from the rest. This makes her seem more important in the guard’s eyes. 6. Clearly the author’s race, education, and socioeconomic status have an impact on her experience. Should that matter when we consider her story? Do those factors make her story more or less credible? What’s the difference between Danbury FCI, where the author spends most of her time, and the correctional facilities she is transferred to toward the end of the story? Does Piper change in these harsher environments? When considering the story, we should keep in mind that the authors race, education, and socioeconomic status does have an impact in her experience. I believe that those factors make her story a bit less credible because she is giving the perspective of a privileged, educated, and well off white woman. When many times it is poor minorities who are the majority in prison. Therefore, it would be two different experiences, Piper even states that she is very lucky that she has a family that cares about her. She receives far more commissary money and letters then the other inmates, and some of the guards treat her better because she is white and educated. The difference between the Danbury FCI and the other facilities is that Danbury was a much friendlier place to be at. The Chicago MCC was a miserable facility for Piper, she states that underpants were not

provided, food was sometimes edible, and the guards were unprofessional. Piper does change in these harsher environments and even states “For the first time in the year I had been in prison, I said the words, “You’ve got to get me out of here”. 7. Should prisons be run by private, for-profit corporations as they are in many states? It is currently legal to make a profit imprisoning the mentally ill, poor, and addicted—but is it ethical? I do not believe that prisons should be ran by private, for profit corporations because it encourages more imprisonment in order for these private organizations to receive more money. According to TIME magazine, private prisons tend to cut back on staff costs and training. Many of these private prisons have a financial interest in the continued growth of mass incarceration. They invest a lot of money in lobbying for criminal justice policies that will increase reliance on prisons. It is technically legal to make a profit in imprisoning the mentally ill, poor, and addicted but it is far from ethical. People are not getting the treatment they need in order to get better, and are instead being mistreated and taken advantage of. 8. After reading Orange is the New Black, do you think our prison system is successful? Do you think its dramatic growth over the last thirty years— nearly 400 percent more Americans in prison—is a good thing for the country? Why or why not? What do you think the author is trying accomplish by telling her story? After reading O range is the New Black I believe that our prison system is not successful because of its negative psychiatric effects it has on its prisoners. The Prison system is more focused on punishment then treatment and therefore is unsuccessful. Guards need to be better trained and watched over because they tend to abuse their power

in many ways, including sexual harassment. Prisons should be more focused on the safety and treatment of prisoners instead of detaining and punishing. The dramatic growth of our prison system is not a good thing for our country because it proves that we are focused on punishing the prisoners instead of getting them help in order for them to become better citizens. The bigger the prisons are getting the more damage it is causing to Americas criminal justice system. The author is trying to show Americans how bad and corrupt our prison system is. If more people are aware about the damaging effects that the prisons are causing, then there would be more advocates for better reforms. The only way to make a change is to expose the problems on hand.

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Work Cited Barron, Laignee. “U.S. Prisoners Have Gone on Strike. Here's Why.” Time , Time, 22 Aug. 2018, https://time.com/5374133/prison-strike-labor-conditions/ . Kerman, Piper. Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Womens Prison . Spiegel & Grau Trade Paperbacks, 2016. Sanburn, Josh. “Private Federal Prisons Closing: Where Will Prisoners Go?” Time , Time, 18 Aug. 2016, https://time.com/4458308/justice-department-ending-private-prison- contracts/ . Walker, Samuel, et al. The Color of Justice: Race, Ethnicity, and Crime in America . Cengage Learning, 2018 Pages.149-292

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