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Feb 20, 2024

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1 Assignment #3: Research Paper on Single Parent Family Gurleen Kaur Student number: 041049650 Algonquin College FAM 1251- Families and Community Danielle Gaylord 05 February 2023

2 Introduction: A single parent family consists of a single parent and one or more dependent children. The single parent can be a mother, a father, a grandparent, an uncle, aunt, or a caregiver. Nowadays, single parent families are even more common than nuclear families. According to a statistic, “I n the Unit ed States today, nearly 24 million children live in a sin gle-par ent fam i ly. This total, which has been ris ing for half a cen tu ry, cov ers about one in every three kids across Amer i ca”( The Annie E. Casey Foundation, 2022). There are some strengths as well as some challenges that single parent family might face. Today in this research paper, there are discussions about possible influences the family has on the community, influences the community has on the family, some agencies that provide support to such families. Sometimes being a single parent may be challenging and isolating. Frequently, there isn't another person (who is matured enough) available to share authority, and financial duties. It rests entirely on one person to manage a healthy living and raise the children. Every coin has two sides, along with some issues that occur in single parent family there are some advantages too such as an argument free environment. Single parents are good role models for children, while growing up children learn how to be independent and strong alone. There are different kinds of single parent families that includes separated, divorced, widowed, joint- custody and lone parent families. Possible influences the single parent family has on the community and the community has on the family: When compared to married-parent households, single-parent families—and particularly mother- only households—are more likely to live in poverty. Given this, children of single parents are

3 more likely to suffer the effects of growing up in poverty. Children from low-income families are more likely to experience physical, mental, and behavioural health issues, disrupted brain development, shorter educational trajectories, contact with the child welfare and justice systems, employment challenges in adulthood, and other issues. As discussed above about the types of single parent family, every situation has different impact on children’s development. In 25 years, investigation on divorce, it was discovered that children who grow up in post-divorce households face not just one loss—that of the intact family—but rather a string of losses as people come and go, according to Wallerstein, Lewis, and Blakeslee (2000). Divorce is a major life-changing event and has enduring impacts and that it nearly never has as severe an impact on children as it does on parents. According to longitudinal research, divorce, and related experiences in the early years of development can permanently alter children's attitudes toward society and their own self. They claim that we have not fully understood how divorce affects young people's life long after they become fully grown adults (Wallerstein, Lewis, and Blakeslee, 2000). When compared children raised by married parents, children of single parents are more likely to experience emotional and behavioural health challenges, such as aggression or engaging in high-risk behaviours. Research has connected these health issues with factors that are frequently associated with single-parent families, including as parental stress, missing social networks, witnessing conflict, moving houses, and socioeconomic challenges. According to academic research, children in single-parent families are more likely to drop out of high school than their counterparts who have married parents. This elevated risk is likely caused by factors associated with many single-parent households; research shows that children who have fewer economic resources, more family instability, and more ACEs are at increased risk of

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4 poor educational outcomes, including dropping out of school. The strengths of single parent families are: If single parents are no longer required to spend time attending to the needs of their spouse or partner, they may have more time to devote to their children. There may be years of fighting before a divorce or separation. Both the children and parents will experience less stress if this conflict is resolved, and peaceful environments are provided. In short, the stressors faced by single parent family:  Custody and Visitation issues.  The effects of conflicts between parents.  Fewer opportunities for parents and children to interact.  Issues brought on by the parents' connections and new relationships. Community organizations/agencies that are currently available to these provide support to Single parent families: An important social networking group that helps single parents and their children is called Parents Without Partners. This charitable group, which has numerous branches across Canada, offers support and camaraderie to those dealing with the difficulties of single parenting. Canada Helps.org is supporting single families. 12 percent of Canadian families nationwide have just one parent and being the only provincial organization of its sort in the country, SPAN is a non-profit organization with a registered charity mission to serve the needs of single parent families in Newfoundland and Labrador. Almost every country in the OECD ( The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) supports low-income single-parent families through a variety of social policy initiatives, such as family benefits, social assistance, housing benefits, in-work benefits, and tax advantages.

5 The Ottawa Collaborative for Parenting Support (OCPS), functions as a task force of the Ottawa Child & Youth Initiative. It is a group of people in the community, coming together to establish strong families that can support the healthy growth of their kids, feel in control of their lives, and deal with life's ups and downs. A non-profit, bilingual organization called Community Navigation of Eastern Ontario (CNEO) links people with community, social, health, and government services. Although we assist anybody seeking information and community services, vulnerable groups are our main priority. One parent organization helps single parents and their children to lead healthy, respectable, and successful lives by providing them financial help, counselling, and hands-on support. Is there enough support available for single parent families: In Canada, there are so many organizations are available for single parent families as mentioned in the above paragraph (Community organizations that are currently available to these provide support to single parent families). Furthermore, there is support available from government as well. To decrease the financial burden, different programmes, tax advantages, and federal, provincial, and local government benefits are available to support the single parents. The help that government provides for single parent families is as described following:  Canadian Government Benefit Programs  Tax Credits and Adjustment Benefits  Provincial and territorial programs By researching about all the profitable or non -profitable agencies and some government benefit plans, I found that there are so many support systems available for single mothers or fathers. One of the main stressors for single parent is expenses and by providing benefits in finance,

6 government is helping them out to cope up with this stressor. Moreover, there are so many mental health services are available which provide counselling for parents and help them to share their situation and circumstances. Also, special organizations are also available to help single parents who have children with special needs. Local social services agencies are in almost all cities which can help single parents to assist regarding housing, food, healthcare, and childcare. Conclusion: In short, there are various types of single parent households, such as single families having joint custody, divorced, widowed, or are separated. Single-parent families and in particular, those with only a mother as the primary caregiver—are more likely to be poor than married-parent families. This means that the impacts of growing up in poverty are more likely to affect children of single parents. Children from low-income households are more likely to have physical, mental, and behavioural health problems, disturbed brain development, shorter educational trajectories, engagement with the child welfare and judicial systems, job difficulties in adulthood, and other problems. There are numerous support systems available for single mothers or fathers after conducting research on all the profitable or non-profit organizations and certain government benefit programmes. The government is assisting single parents in coping with one of the biggest stressors i.e., managing expenses. The availability of numerous mental health facilities that offer counselling to parents and enable them to discuss their situations also helps. Additionally, organizations specifically designed to assist single parents of special needs children are also accessible. Nearly all cities have local social service organizations that can provide single parents with support for housing, food, healthcare, and childcare.

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7 Reference The Annie E. Casey Foundation. (2022, August 12). Child wellbeing in single parent families https://www.aecf.org/blog/child-well-being-in-single-parent-families Wilson, L. & Nelson. (n.d.). Partnerships Families and community in early childhood (6th ed.). https://www.psychologytoday.com/ca/basics/family-dynamics/single-parent-family#the- challenges-of-single-parent-families https://www.apa.org/topics/parenting/single-parent http://www.parentswithoutpartners.org/ https://www.canadahelps.org/en/giving-life/connecting-with-charities/supporting-single-families/ https://oneparent.org/ https://www.medicalhomeportal.org/living-with-child/taking-care-of-yourself-and-your-family/ tips-for-single-parents-of-children-with-special-needs https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/dc16ec77-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/ dc16ec77-en#chapter-d1e13123

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