Week7

docx

School

Southern New Hampshire University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

770

Subject

Sociology

Date

Feb 20, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by fmalik89

Research Designs Within research exist three distinctive designs, from which a researcher would decide best suites their respective study. These research designs are fixed, flexible, and mixed. Robson and McCartan describe fixed research as, “a research design that mainly collects data in the form of numbers and thus most often uses quantitative data.” In this research design, researchers outline the variables within a study, investigate the connection amongst variables, and the respective cause and effects. Types of fixed research include experimental, non-experimental, and quasi-experimental. For flexible research design, Robson and McCartan describe this type of research as qualitative in nature and utilizing multiple techniques. Flexible research design allows for researchers to interim even feedback which may alter their study and, as such, the sampling methodology used within the study becomes subject to change. Types of flexible research include narrative, phenomenology, grounded theory, case studies, and ethnography. Schoonenboom & Johnson characterize mixed method research designs as having a combination of at least one qualitative and one quantitative research component included within the study. Mixed method designs, which are used when neither qualitative nor quantitative data alone would be sufficient, allows for the most flexibility within research designs and, as a result, allows for researchers to distill the most informative results from their study. Type of mixed method research include parallel, explanatory sequential, and exploratory sequential transformative. The three research designs are similar as they all utilized to conduct various types of research, with researchers aiming to find patterns and outcomes to address the questions within their study. The three designs differ as they all use different methods to formulate their study, using qualitative, quantitative, or a combination of both methodologies. Research Methods For fixed research designs, methods include experimental, non-experimental, and quasi- experimental. Experimental research utilizes a scientific approach to manipulating variables, including controlled variables, within a study and subsequently measuring the respective effects of the manipulation. Such studies are usually well structured and provide specific conclusions but is also subject to human error and can produce artificial results. Non-experimental research, however, does not allow for any manipulation of variables but rather variables are measured as they occur. As such, subjects within a non-experimental study cannot be randomly assign, thus making such studies broad and mostly exploratory. Non-experimental research can be further broken down into descriptive, correlational, and casual-comparative methods. Quasi- experimental is similar to experimental research, as it allows for manipulation of variables, but differs as there is no control group, random selection, random assignments, or active manipulation (Fitzpatrick & Wallace, 2006). For flexible research designs, methods include narrative, phenomenology, grounded theory, case studies, and ethnography. In narrative methods, researchers collect and analyze accounts from their subjects and then offer their interpretation. “Aiming for an in-depth exploration of the meanings people assign to their experiences, narrative researchers work with small samples of participants to obtain rich and free-ranging discourse” (Salkind, 2010). Phenomenology methods aim to understand and interpret the meaning of experiences of human life, focusing on what it is like to experience various situations. Grounded theory methods are “concerned with the generation of theory, which is ‘grounded’ in data that has been

systematically collected and analyzed” (Noble & Mitchell, 2016) and is used to establish relationships and behaviors within groups. Case studies, which can be broken down into single or multiple case studies, are used to generate in-depth understandings of a complex issues within real-life contexts, often using additional tools such as observations or interviews. Ethnography methods are focused on cultural settings, aiming to obtain accounts based on one’s culture compared to a theoretical backdrop. For mixed research, methods include convergent parallel, explanatory sequential, and exploratory sequential transformative. Convergent parallel involves a researcher “concurrently conducts the quantitative and qualitative elements in the same phase of the research process, weighs the methods equally, analyzes the two components independently, and interprets the results together” (Creswell & Pablo-Clark, 2011). Explanatory sequential involves research that can yield quantitative results with qualitative data, where the qualitative date is then used for interpretation from analysis of the quantitative data. The exploratory sequential transformative is similar to explanatory sequential, where both quantitative and qualitative is used, but the data is combined and moves in a sequential order. Woks Cited Creswell, J.W. and Plano Clark, V.L. (2011) Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. 2nd Edition, Sage Publications, Los Angeles. Fitzpatrick, J. J., & Wallace, M. (2006). Encyclopedia of nursing research. Springer Publishing Company. Noble, H., & Mitchell, G. (2016). What is grounded theory?. Evidence-based nursing, 19(2), 34- 35. Robson, C., & McCartan, K. (2016). Real world research: A resource for users of social research methods in applied settings (Fourth ed.). Wiley. Salkind, N. J. (2010). Encyclopedia of Research Design. SAGE. Schoonenboom, J., & Johnson, R. B. (2017). How to construct a mixed methods research design. Kölner Zeitschrift Für Soziologie Und Sozialpsychologie, 69(Suppl 2), 107- 131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-017-0454-1

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Related Documents

SWK525 TOPIC 4 DQ 1 (7).docx

SWK525 TOPIC 4 DQ 1 (1).docx

SWK525 TOPIC 4 DQ 1 (3).docx

SWK525 TOPIC 4 DQ 1 (4).docx

HLSS154 Wk2 Discussion.docx

Module 2-Measuring Crime Activity.docx

CJA 229 wk3 disc1.docx

Fieldwork Reflection 5.docx

Final Take-Home Exam (1).pdf

Quizzes Sociology.docx

S.Karnuk-HIS200-Module 2 Short Answers.docx

S. Karnuk-HIS200- Module 8 Short Answers.docx

Recommended textbooks for you

Social Psychology (10th Edition)

Sociology

ISBN:9780134641287

Author:Elliot Aronson, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers

Publisher:Pearson College Div

Introduction to Sociology (Eleventh Edition)

Sociology

ISBN:9780393639407

Author:Deborah Carr, Anthony Giddens, Mitchell Duneier, Richard P. Appelbaum

Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company

The Basics of Social Research (MindTap Course Lis...

Sociology

ISBN:9781305503076

Author:Earl R. Babbie

Publisher:Cengage Learning

Criminalistics: An Introduction to Forensic Scien...

Sociology

ISBN:9780134477596

Author:Saferstein, Richard

Publisher:PEARSON

Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach (13th Edition)

Sociology

ISBN:9780134205571

Author:James M. Henslin

Publisher:PEARSON

Society: The Basics (14th Edition)

Sociology

ISBN:9780134206325

Author:John J. Macionis

Publisher:PEARSON

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS

Recommended textbooks for you

Social Psychology (10th Edition)
Sociology
ISBN:9780134641287
Author:Elliot Aronson, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers
Publisher:Pearson College Div
Introduction to Sociology (Eleventh Edition)
Sociology
ISBN:9780393639407
Author:Deborah Carr, Anthony Giddens, Mitchell Duneier, Richard P. Appelbaum
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
The Basics of Social Research (MindTap Course Lis...
Sociology
ISBN:9781305503076
Author:Earl R. Babbie
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Criminalistics: An Introduction to Forensic Scien...
Sociology
ISBN:9780134477596
Author:Saferstein, Richard
Publisher:PEARSON
Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach (13th Edition)
Sociology
ISBN:9780134205571
Author:James M. Henslin
Publisher:PEARSON
Society: The Basics (14th Edition)
Sociology
ISBN:9780134206325
Author:John J. Macionis
Publisher:PEARSON