Mini Assignment 5 - Payton Rodgers
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Texas A&M University *
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Date
Apr 3, 2024
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Uploaded by KidWaterBuffalo7939
Major groups of dinosaurs and the hip mini-assignment For details on the hip, read pages 51-55 and 343 of your textbook (Dinosaurs by Lucas). 1.
One important dinosaurian synapomorphy is the perforate (pierced or open) acetabulum
, simply a "hip bone" (actually three connected bones, together called the pelvis) with a hole in the center where the head of the femur ("thigh bone") fits. What are the three bones that comprise the pelvic girdle (
e.g., “hip bone”)? (2 pts)
i.
Ilium ii.
Ischium iii.
Pubis
iv. What do we call the opening between these three bones? The acetabulum
2.
Dinosauria contains two major groups of dinosaurs: the Ornithischia, or "bird-hipped,” and the Saurischia, or "lizard-hipped," dinosaurs. The most prominent difference between the two types of hip is the orientation of the pubis. For each group, indicate whether the direction (anterior or posterior) the pubis generally projects from the pelvic girdle. (1 pt)
i. Ornithischian: Anterior
ii. Saurischian: Posterior
3.
Click the hyperlinks and observe the orientation of the pubis within the pelvic girdle on the following dinosaur skeletons and indicate if the dinosaur most closely resembles a general saurischian or an ornithischian pelvic girdle. (5 pts)
i.
Tyrannosaurus Saurischian ii.
Stegosaurus Ornithischian iii.
Brachiosaurus Saurischian iv.
Mussaurus Saurischian v.
Triceratops Ornithischian 4. Modern birds are “bird-hipped;” however, their ancestors (i.e.
,
the theropods) were “lizard-
hipped.” How does the pelvic girdle of the Greylag Goose (
Anser anser) differ from that of a basal theropod, such as Herrerasaurus
? (2 pts)
The Greylag Goose is a modern bird and “bird-hipped”, meaning that its pelvic girdle is an ornithischian pelvic girdle. The Herrerasaurus is a “lizard-hipped” basal theorpod, meaning that its pelvic girdle is a saurischian pelvic girdle. The difference between these two is the way that pubis projects in the girdle – with the Goose having an anterior projection of the pubis and the Herrerasaurus having a pubis that projects posteriorly.
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