Activity #5

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Psychology 240 Fall 2022 Activity #5: Types of Validity Kristen Ruth Below you will find some hypothetical situations where a problem has arisen in a study. Each problem renders the study invalid. Which type of validity seems to be the most violated by each problem? 1. You use increased blood pressure as your operational definition of lying behavior, even though some people can lie without increasing their blood pressure, and many things may cause it to rise. Construct Validity 2. You study hormone levels at the same time every day, even though hormone levels are known to fluctuate throughout the day. Statistical Validity 3. You study overeating behavior by bringing all the participants to a “Big Brother” type of house, where everyone’s eating behaviors are under continuous surveillance. Internal Validity 4. Your study on children’s activity rates uses only children from New York and Los Angeles. External Validity

5. You run so many people that your statistics start to lose all usefulness and meaning. Internal Validity 6. Your study uses such a long questionnaire that people stop paying attention towards the end. Construct Validity 7. You study retail shopping behavior between the months of October and January; the busiest shopping period of the year, and use that to make conclusions about all shopping behavior. Statistical Validity 8. You run a study which associates drinking behavior with weather. Your statistical analyses reveal a roughly 10% association between drinking and thunderstorms. You attempt to publish these results. Construct Validity 9. Your procedure for eliciting fear works 90% of the time in the lab, but barely 5% of the time in real-world situations. Statistical Validity 10. You get very strange results for your study which used reaction times to measure visual vocabulary processing. When you look at your sample demographics, you find that 40% of your sample was over age 65. External Validity

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