GTCNEURO Sleep- Lecture 10

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Johns Hopkins University *

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AS.200.368

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Psychology

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Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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2

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Mechanisms of memory consolidation - Long term potentiation- dependent on protein synthesis - After learning, protein synthesis blockage will hinder memory consolidation. Consolidiation passive: synaptic homeostasis, synaptic plasticity, rehearsal (reactivation), dialogue between memory systems Active: o suspension of forgetting o interference reduction– been tested Local slow waves and synaptic homeostasis - EEG activity in areas active during motor task increased in subsequent sleep. - slow wave activity during sleep is stronger (with higher amplitude) after learning said task. The SHY Model Synaptic homeostasis hypothesis - b/c learning leads to synaptic potentiation during wakefulness, a homeostatic synaptic downregulation must occur during sleep. - Sleep reduces number of AMPA receptors o Reduced slow wave activity o Loss of dendritic spines Sleep deprivation impairs synaptic plasticity and memory - During specific period after learning an OPR (Object recognition task), sleep deprivation (SD) suppresses synaptic plasticity and memory (synaptic process and strengthening of long term potentiation). Increase in sleep spindle density after learning - Study looking at sleep spindles (start at the moment you fall asleep—seeing a sleep spindle is an indication of sleep, specifically in slow sleep not REM/ wakefulness). - Higher sleep drive=more sleep spindles - Sleep spindles related to memory Study 1: spindle occurrence after learning = higher sleep spindles in subjects that were learning compared to subjects that weren’t learning.
Study 2: slow oscillated sleep o Shown that especially the spindles that are linked to slow oscillation are linked to memory consolidation and learning. o Sleeping not long after learning is better ‘ Replay of memories in sleep - Firing sequences of place cells in the hippocampus during learning are replayed during sleep with a faster tempo (similarly in the cortext). SO spindle locked memory reactivation - Hippocampal riddles?
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