Literature Rev x2

docx

School

Capella University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

4600

Subject

Psychology

Date

Feb 20, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by JudgeExplorationFlamingo29

Literature Review Jazmine Starcher PSYC-FPX4600 RESEARCH METHODS IN PSYCHOLOGY Capella University Michelle Wright February, 2024

Literature Review Introduction Teachers have a specific criteria to follow when it comes to curriculum and grading. For years, it has been said that being a “teacher’s favorite” would help your GPA. In this paper, we will dive deep in the correlation between ethnicity and grades. Some teachers may be biased as they believe only their ethnicity should succeed despite the proper work the opposite ethnicities have submitted. Biasness is when someone believes certain people are more superior than others. A lack of respect in either direction could definitely play a factor in grading as well. Literature Review In the article by Van Ewijk, R. (2011), they did an experiment where students wrote essays and the educators changes the name of the student so the educator who would be grading the essay would not be able to be bias based on their name. The educators would be able to tell their ethnicity based on their name. The results indicated that all of the educators graded fairly despite the name changes, as they were nonbias in their grading. There seems to be no negativity associated with teachers judgments as long as their expectations and judgments are solely based on the ability of the student and not based on their ethnicity. Tobisch & Dresel (2017), they mention that it is the teachers job to analyze each student and base their learning expectations around the students performances and behavior. They also mention the teachers’ expectations and judgments are linked to social categories like ethnicity and or social minorities. According to (Scott et al, 2012), behavioral problems are what sets the dynamic for the student in the class room. African American students are getting suspended consistently more than Caucasian students. Failure in behavior typically means failure in academics. In the article by Ding & Hall (2007), they questioned over 13,000 students in a survey, African Americans off all grades reported feeling negative about school environments. Male students all reported a lack of care from

their teachers. Teachers have a biasness towards the higher grade students this could be associated with respect, attitude towards the teacher and just a well behaved student. According to Bonefeld & Dickhäuser (2018), states that self-fulfilling prophecy helps teachers come up with expectations for migrant students. Teachers have a stereotype kind of attitude based on the background of a student; this can lead to a negatively influenced student. Sneyers et al, (2020), teachers have shown biasness for generations. They show biasness by underestimating the academic ability of the minorities, while encouraging the other students in a positive direction. Riegle-Crumb & Humphries (2012), according to this study, black and Hispanic students, regardless of gender all have lower grades in math classes. The occurrence of biasness in high school classrooms, tends to lead to inequality in the fields of math, science and technology. Indicating teachers are more focused on helping the highly educated student become even more successful thus leaving the others where they stand. According to Riegle-Crumb & Humphries (2012), the study they conducted with 38 first grade teachers; indicated they all overrate male students ’ math capability and underrate females’ math capability. Teachers have shown a biasness when it comes to white males, they believe white males are the best at math while minorities are less capable. Concepts in the Research In the above articles, there was a pattern of African Americans, Hispanics and migrants being shunned on for their ethnicity. Scoring on assignments were lower regardless what their academic level was and there was evidence of a poor teacher-student relationship that effect students’ grades. This can be due to the lack of respect the troubled students’ have for an authority figure, The lack of parental involvement showed evidence of negative attitudes towards school, grades and teacher relationships. The conclusion of the above articles, teachers tend to favor students who are of their same ethnicity as they tend to push them further in education and are more lenient in the grading curves.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Conclusion In conclusion, a students attitude toward school in general can dictate how they will be treated. If they have poor attitudes typically they have poor academics, thus making the teacher not care for them as a student. You can only help someone so much before you get tired of trying. Statistically speaking, Africain American men are the most problematic in a school setting. The lack of care leads to lack of respects, leads to biasness from educators. Ethnicity and grades are correlated based on all of the research articles listed above. Some times it is the student’s fault, other times it is the lack of parental involvement. A students home life play a huge role in the academics and behavior at and towards school.

References Bonefeld, M., & Dickhäuser, O. (2018). (Biased) Grading of Students' Performance: Students' Names, Performance Level, and Implicit Attitudes. Frontiers in psychology , 9 , 481. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00481 Ding, C., & Hall, A. (2007). gender, ethnicity, and grade differences in perceptions of school experiences among adolescents. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 33 (2), 159- 174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2007.04.004 RIEGLE-CRUMB, C., & HUMPHRIES, M. (2012). exploring bias in math teachers' perceptions of students' ability by gender and race/ethnicity. Gender & Society, 26 (2), 290- 322. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243211434614 Scott, T. M., Hirn, R. G., & Barber, H. (2012). Affecting Disproportional Outcomes by Ethnicity and Grade Level: Using Discipline Data to Guide Practice in High School. Preventing School Failure. , 56 (2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/1045988X.2011.592168 Sneyers, E., Vanhoof, J., & Mahieu, P. (2020). Bias in primary school teachers’ expectations of students? A study of general and specific bias towards SES, ethnicity and gender. Studia Paedagogica (Brno), 25 (2), 71-96. https://doi.org/10.5817/SP2020-2-4 Tobisch, A., & Dresel, M. (2017). Negatively or positively biased? dependencies of teachers’ judgments and expectations based on students’ ethnic and social backgrounds. Social Psychology of Education, 20 (4), 731-752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-017-9392-z

van Ewijk, R. (2011). Same work, lower grade? student ethnicity and teachers’ subjectiveassessments. Economics of Education Review, 30 (5), 1045- 1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2011.05.008

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Related Documents

arguementative research paper.docx

ART-814-Powerpoint.docx

6 - Midterm Exam 1 (1).docx

STAT X2(3).docx

Theory and Ethics of MDMA studies.docx

Assignment 5 child psyc.docx

Forensic Psychology.docx

researcher proposal.docx

SDS320E_Proposal_Template.docx

Psych of Aging Discussion 2.docx

Discussion 1 ECE 671.docx

Week 4 Discussion 1 ECE 660.docx

Recommended textbooks for you

Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)

Psychology

ISBN:9780134477961

Author:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White

Publisher:PEARSON

Cognitive Psychology

Psychology

ISBN:9781337408271

Author:Goldstein, E. Bruce.

Publisher:Cengage Learning,

Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and ...

Psychology

ISBN:9781337565691

Author:Dennis Coon, John O. Mitterer, Tanya S. Martini

Publisher:Cengage Learning

Psychology in Your Life (Second Edition)

Psychology

ISBN:9780393265156

Author:Sarah Grison, Michael Gazzaniga

Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company

Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research a...

Psychology

ISBN:9781285763880

Author:E. Bruce Goldstein

Publisher:Cengage Learning

Theories of Personality (MindTap Course List)

Psychology

ISBN:9781305652958

Author:Duane P. Schultz, Sydney Ellen Schultz

Publisher:Cengage Learning

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS

Recommended textbooks for you

Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)
Psychology
ISBN:9780134477961
Author:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Publisher:PEARSON
Cognitive Psychology
Psychology
ISBN:9781337408271
Author:Goldstein, E. Bruce.
Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and ...
Psychology
ISBN:9781337565691
Author:Dennis Coon, John O. Mitterer, Tanya S. Martini
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Psychology in Your Life (Second Edition)
Psychology
ISBN:9780393265156
Author:Sarah Grison, Michael Gazzaniga
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research a...
Psychology
ISBN:9781285763880
Author:E. Bruce Goldstein
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Theories of Personality (MindTap Course List)
Psychology
ISBN:9781305652958
Author:Duane P. Schultz, Sydney Ellen Schultz
Publisher:Cengage Learning