340 Final Test

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PSY340_30

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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PSY340 final  Question 1 2 out of 2 points Generalized seizures appear to involve circuits connecting the Selected d. Answer: thalamus and cerebral cortex. Answers: a. temporal lobes. b. basal ganglia and the substantia nigra. c. hypothalamus and amygdala. d. thalamus and cerebral cortex.  Question 2 2 out of 2 points The autopsy results from cases of dementia pugilistica, or boxer’s syndrome, most closely resemble Selected a. Answer: Alzheimer’s disease. Answers: a. Alzheimer’s disease. b. meningitis. c. open head injuries. d. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).

 Question 3 2 out of 2 points Professor Geib tells his class that some patients taking antipsychotics might develop symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, which suggests that the medications are interfering with _______ systems in the body. Selected b. Answer: motor Answers: a. executive b. motor c. emotional d. sensory  Question 4 2 out of 2 points If your identical twin has schizophrenia, what does that mean for you? Selected d. Answer: You have about a 50 percent chance of also being diagnosed with schizophrenia. Answers: a. If you inherited the gene for schizophrenia, you will be diagnosed with schizophrenia too. b. Your chances of being diagnosed with schizophrenia are the same as the rest of the population—about 1 percent. c. Your chances of being diagnosed with schizophrenia are not increased as long as you were not raised by the same parents. d. You have about a 50 percent chance of also being diagnosed with schizophrenia. 

Question 5 2 out of 2 points Symptoms that occur following a concussion Selected a. Answer: can produce lack of concentration and memory loss. Answers: a. can produce lack of concentration and memory loss. b. are usually so mild that the patient does not notice any changes. c. occur only in cases in which bleeding has required surgery. d. occur only in cases in which unconsciousness lasts for more than a day.  Question 6 0 out of 2 points Dr. Weimer has noticed that many of his patients with schizophrenia have Selected b. Answer: increased numbers of glutamate receptors in their brains. Answers: a. reduced numbers of glutamate receptors in their brains. b. increased numbers of glutamate receptors in their brains. c. abnormally low amounts of dopamine. d. abnormally low amounts of serotonin. AnswerSelected Answer: d. thalamus and cerebral cortex. thalamus and cerebral cortex.  Question 7

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2 out of 2 points In children, epilepsy may be improved by a diet that is high in _________ and low in _________. Selected b. Answer: fat; carbohydrates Answers: a. fat; protein b. fat; carbohydrates c. carbohydrates; fat d. protein; fat  Question 8 2 out of 2 points Human twin studies suggest that aggressiveness is Selected a. Answer: heritable, and impulsive aggression is particularly so. Answers: a. heritable, and impulsive aggression is particularly so. b. heritable, and premeditated aggression is particularly so. c. heritable in males but not in females. d. almost entirely the result of learning.  Question 9 2 out of 2 points Some patients given L-dopa to control the symptoms of Parkinson's disease reportedly Selected b. Answer: develop symptoms similar to

schizophrenia. Answers: a. experience panic attacks. b. develop symptoms similar to schizophrenia. c. develop Tourette's syndrome. d. become euphoric.  Question 10 0 out of 2 points Julio has been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, which causes deterioration of the basal ganglia. We can expect that Julio will Selected a. Answer: have difficulty moving, but his emotional expression will be normal. Answers: a. have difficulty moving, but his emotional expression will be normal. b. show no emotional expression at all. c. be able to smile voluntarily for a photograph but will not smile spontaneously when he hears a good joke. d. be able to smile spontaneously when he hears a good joke but will not be able to smile when the photographer asks him to do so.  Question 11 0 out of 2 points Research about antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and the MAOA gene has shown that Selected a. Answer: the low-activity version of the MAOA gene always results in ASPD. Answers:

a. the low-activity version of the MAOA gene always results in ASPD. b. the high-activity version of the MAOA gene always results in ASPD. c. the low-activity version of the MAOA gene always results in criminal behavior. d. variations in the MAOA gene interact with child maltreatment.  Question 12 2 out of 2 points Activity in the insula is particularly strong during which of the following emotions? Selected a. Answer: Disgust Answers: a. Disgust b. Surprise c. Fear d. Anger  Question 13 2 out of 2 points Which of the following types of seizures typically begins in the temporal lobes? Selected b. Answer: complex partial Answers: a. simple partial b.

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complex partial c. absence seizures d. tonic-clonic seizures  Question 14 2 out of 2 points Some studies suggest moderate aerobic exercise, such as walking or jogging three times per week, Selected b. Answer: produces a moderate reduction in depression. Answers: a. produces a moderate reduction in depression but doesn’t have an effect when combined with SSRIs. b. produces a moderate reduction in depression. c. has no impact on symptoms of depression. d. worsens symptoms of depression.  Question 15 2 out of 2 points Migraine headaches involve the release of Selected a. Answer: calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) by the trigeminal nerve. Answers: a. calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) by the trigeminal nerve. b. dopamine by the facial nerve. c.

serotonin by the hypoglossal nerve. d. GABA by the vagus nerve.  Question 16 2 out of 2 points The concordance rate for bipolar disorder among identical twins has been found to be about_________ percent. Selected c. Answer: 40–70 Answers: a. 10–20 b. 25–40 c. 40–70 d. 70–85  Question 17 0 out of 2 points SSRI medication produces remission from depression symptoms in _________ of all cases. Selected c. Answer: nearly 100 percent Answers: a. about 75 percent b. nearly half c. nearly 100 percent d. around one third  Question 18

2 out of 2 points Raine and his colleagues (1998) reported that the lowest levels of frontal lobe activity are associated with Selected b. Answer: murderers whose personal background does not include abuse and neglect. Answers: a. all individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). b. murderers whose personal background does not include abuse and neglect. c. murderers who are normally responsive to environmental stimuli. AnswerSelected Answer: b. fat; carbohydrates fat; carbohydrates controls. d. the lack of response to dopamine antagonists shown by some patients.  monoamine oxidase inhibitors. d. murderers whose personal background includes abuse and neglect.  Question 19 0 out of 2 points Research suggests that depressed mood is associated with Selected d. Answer: decreased activity in both the right and left frontal lobes. Answers: a. increased activity in both the right and left frontal lobes.

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b. increased activity in the right frontal lobe and left parietal lobe. c. decreased activity in the left frontal lobe and right parietal lobe. d. decreased activity in both the right and left frontal lobes.  Question 20 2 out of 2 points According to research on temperament, babies who are especially reactive to environmental stimuli at birth are likely to develop Selected d. Answer: anxiety disorders later in life. Answers: a. antisocial or psychopathic disorders later in life. b. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder later in life. c. into stimulus seekers, such as race car drivers. d. anxiety disorders later in life.  Question 21 0 out of 2 points Bipolar disorder is most frequently treated through the use of Selected b. Answer: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Answers: a. electroconvulsive shock therapy. b. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). c. lithium. d.

monoamine oxidase inhibitors.  Question 22 2 out of 2 points Damage to the amygdala may be correlated with Selected b. Answer: inability to perceive others’ fear or anger. Answers: a. increased rage. b. inability to perceive others’ fear or anger. c. inability to perceive others’ happiness. d. increased pleasure.  Question 23 2 out of 2 points Seizures that originate in a focal area without affecting consciousness are known as Selected a. Answer: simple partial seizures. Answers: a. simple partial seizures. b. tonic-clonic seizures. c. absence seizures. d. complex partial seizures.  Question 24

2 out of 2 points A brain injury known as a cerebral hemorrhage results in Selected b. Answer: bleeding in the brain. Answers: a. blockage from material that doesn’t move from its point of origin. b. bleeding in the brain. c. blockage from material that travels to smaller diameter blood vessels until it has to stop. d. an area of dead neurons. Question 25 2 out of 2 points Living in a highly competitive environment, such as a prison, Selected b. Answer: may increase testosterone levels in males. Answers: a. may decrease testosterone levels in males. b. may increase testosterone levels in males. c. increases testosterone levels in submissive males but decreases testosterone levels in aggressive males. d. does not affect testosterone levels in males. Question 26 0 out of 2 points Compared with bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis is Selected b. Answer: more common and more dangerous.

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Answers: a. less common and less dangerous. b. more common and more dangerous. c. less common and more dangerous. d. more common and less dangerous.  Question 27 0 out of 2 points Ventricular enlargement of the brains of some patients with schizophrenia appears to develop from Selected b. Answer: increased fluid pressure in the ventricles from blocking of fluid pathways. Answers: a. increased production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). b. increased fluid pressure in the ventricles from blocking of fluid pathways. c. death of neurons in adjacent areas. d. AnswerSelected Answer: c. 40-70 40-70 Question 28 0 out of 2 points Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may involve abnormalities in all of the following EXCEPT the Selected c. Answer: amygdala. Answers: a.

hypothalamus. b. basal ganglia. c. amygdala. d. hippocampus. Question 29 0 out of 2 points Bipolar disorder may be associated with abnormalities in the Selected d. Answer: hippocampus and ventricles. Answers: a. hippocampus and amygdala. b. parahippocampus and right orbitofrontal cortex. c. ventral prefrontal cortex. d. hippocampus and ventricles.  Question 30 0 out of 2 points One problem with the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia is Selected b. Answer: research findings showing people with schizophrenia produce abnormal amounts of dopamine. Answers: a. research findings showing people with schizophrenia have normal numbers of dopamine receptors. b. research findings showing people with schizophrenia produce abnormal

amounts of dopamine. c. the lack of response to dopamine agonists shown by some patients. d. the lack of response to dopamine antagonists shown by some patients.  Question 31 2 out of 2 points At times of stress, cortisol is released by the Selected c. Answer: adrenal glands. Answers: a. anterior pituitary gland. b. hypothalamus. c. adrenal glands. d. posterior pituitary gland.  Question 32 0 out of 2 points Autism spectrum disorder may be associated with structural abnormalities in the Selected a. Answer: orbitofrontal cortex, corpus callosum, and cingulate cortex. Answers: a. orbitofrontal cortex, corpus callosum, and cingulate cortex. b. cerebellum, amygdala, and hippocampus. c. locus coeruleus, red nucleus and hippocampus. d.

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basal ganglia, raphe nucleus, and hippocampus.  Question 33 2 out of 2 points According to some researchers, the brains of people with schizophrenia are Selected a. Answer: more symmetrical in structure and function than brains of typical controls. Answers: a. more symmetrical in structure and function than brains of typical controls. b. more symmetrical in function, but not structure, compared to brains of typical controls. c. less symmetrical in structure and function than brains of typical controls. d. more symmetrical in structure, but not function, compared to brains of typical controls. Question 34 2 out of 2 points The vast majority of those diagnosed with dementia—between 60 and 90 percent—suffer from ________ disease. Selected b. Answer: Alzheimer’s Answers: a. Huntington’s b. Alzheimer’s c. Klinefelter’s d. Parkinson’s  Question 35 2 out of 2 points

Inflammation of the brain caused by viruses is known as Selected c. Answer: encephalitis. Answers: a. meningitis. b. septicemia. c. encephalitis. d. neurocysticercosis.  Question 36 2 out of 2 points Epilepsy is diagnosed in patients with Selected a. Answer: repeated, unprovoked seizures. Answers: a. repeated, unprovoked seizures. b. a history of at least one seizure that was unrelated to having a fever as a child. c. seizures resulting from an inoperable tumor. d. a history of at least one seizure. 

Question 37 0 out of 2 points Social deficits observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder might be associated with differences in the Selected c. Answer: anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Answers: a. superior temporal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex. b. lateral prefrontal cortex. c. anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). d. orbitofrontal cortex.  Question 38 2 out of 2 points A balloon-like bulge in an artery is known as a(n) Selected a. Answer: aneurysm. Answers: a. aneurysm. b. cerebrovascular accident (CVA). c. embolism. d. thrombosis.  Question 39 2 out of 2 points Which type(s) of multiple sclerosis respond(s) best to current treatments? Selected b.

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Answer: The relapsing-remitting form responds better than the progressive forms. Answers: a. The progressive forms respond better than the relapsing-remitting form. b. The relapsing-remitting form responds better than the progressive forms. c. None of these types respond to any type of treatment. d. The relapsing-remitting and progressive forms respond about equally well.  Question 40 AnswerSelected Answer: c. adrenal glands. adrenal glands.   Question 41 2 out of 2 points Multiple sclerosis results in the degeneration of Selected c. Answer: oligodendrocytes. Answers: a. Schwann cells. b. the basal ganglia. c. oligodendrocytes. d. astrocytes.  Question 42 2 out of 2 points

Absence seizure is another term for Selected c. Answer: a petit mal seizure. Answers: a. the tonic phase of grand mal seizures. b. the Jacksonian march. c. a petit mal seizure. d. the clonic phase of grand mal seizures.  Question 43 2 out of 2 points Most medications that are effective in treating epilepsy are Selected d. Answer: GABA agonists. Answers: a. cholinergic antagonists. b. dopamine agonists. c. GABA antagonists. d. GABA agonists.  Question 44 2 out of 2 points

Frontal lobe damage is correlated with Selected a. Answer: decreases in feelings of fear and anxiety. Answers: a. decreases in feelings of fear and anxiety. b. decreases in feelings of reward. c. increases in feelings of fear and anxiety. d. increases in feelings of reward.  Question 45 2 out of 2 points Among the primary risk factors for stroke are Selected c. Answer: obesity and the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. Answers: a. sleep deprivation. b. low blood pressure and sodium insufficiency. c. obesity and the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. d. unusually low cholesterol levels.  Question 46 2 out of 2 points A disorder that is characterized by repeated thoughts and ritualistic behaviors is known as _________ disorder. Selected a. Answer: obsessive-compulsive

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AnswerSelected Answer: b. Alzheimer's Alzheimer's  Question 47 2 out of 2 points Neurotransmitters associated with anxiety disorders are Selected a. Answer: serotonin, norepinephrine, and GABA. Answers: a. serotonin, norepinephrine, and GABA. b. serotonin, norepinephrine, and glutamate. c. dopamine and GABA. d. dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine.  Question 48 2 out of 2 points The use of chemotherapy for brain tumors is complicated by the fact that Selected c. Answer: many substances used in traditional chemotherapy do not cross the blood-brain barrier. Answers: a. brain tumors do not respond to traditional chemotherapy. b. substances used in traditional chemotherapy mimic the actions of naturally occurring neurotransmitters. c. many substances used in traditional chemotherapy do not cross the blood-brain barrier.

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d. chemotherapy causes too much damage to neurons to be considered as a treatment for brain tumors.  Question 49 2 out of 2 points According to the Kennard Principle, reorganization after brain damage is Selected b. Answer: a function of developmental age. Answers: a. more extensive when damage affects the right hemisphere. b. a function of developmental age. c. a function of the amount of tissue involved. d. more extensive when damage affects the left hemisphere.  Question 50 0 out of 2 points When the prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices fail to inhibit subcortical structures Selected c. Answer: the result can be uninhibited verbal expression. Answers: a. there is no change in behavior. b. the result can be tranquility. c. the result can be uninhibited verbal expression. d.

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the result can be violence. AnswerSelected Answer: a. decreases in feelings of fear and anxiety. decreases in feelings of fear and anxiety. AnswerSelected Answer: c. obesity and the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. obesity and the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. AnswerSelected Answer: a. obsessive-compulsive obsessive-compulsive AnswerSelected Answer: a. serotonin, norepinephrine, and GABA. serotonin, norepinephrine, and GABA. AnswerSelected Answer: c. many substances used in traditional chemotherapy do not cross the blood-brain barrier. many substances used in traditional chemotherapy do not cross the blood- brain barrier. AnswerSelected b. Answer d.

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340 Final Test

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