Abnormal Chapter 3 Qs without answers

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1 Week 3: Disorders of Childhood & Adolescence Questions 1. A study that involves one group of individuals studied repeatedly over time is referred to as a ______ study. Longitudinal 2. A study that involves multiple groups of individuals of different ages studied only one over time is referred to as a ______ study. Cross-sectional 3. A study that involves multiples group of individuals of different age studied repeatedly over time is referred to as a ______ study. Cross-sequential 4. What is the advantage of a longitudinal study? Confident in conclusion on the change over time. There is a basic level of consistency. 5. What is the disadvantage of a longitudinal study? The amount of time it would take to do the study. Could be a multiyear study. 6. What is the advantage of a cross-sectional study? It can be very vast in its scope and provides a lot of information super-fast. 7. What is the disadvantage of a cross-sectional study? Unsure about any data differences between groups and how they correlate. 8. What is the disadvantage of a cross-sequential study? These types of studies can be significantly longer than any other study to answer a question. Advantage of Cross-sequential study Wipes out the disadvantages of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. 9. When classifying individuals in terms of mental disorders, the _____ approach assumes there is a clear distinction between abnormal and normal behavior. A given behavior is either normal or abnormal. A behavior can be thought of as belonging to separate classes. DSM-V 10. When classifying individuals in terms of mental disorders, the _____ approach assumes the distinction between abnormal and normal behavior is a matter of degree with individuals differing on a continuum that varies in frequency. DSM-V

2 11. The DSM-V supports a categorical approach to the classification of mental disorders. True or false? False 12. The DSM-V supports a dimensional approach to the classification of mental disorders. True or false? True 13. List the 5 mental disorders associated with children and adolescents. Intellectual Disability, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Learning Disorder, Attention- Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder 14. Of the mental disorders associated with children and adolescents, which is the most common? Oppositional Defiant Disorder 15. Of the mental disorders associated with children and adolescents, which is the least common? Autism Spectrum Disorder 16. Mean or average IQ is equal to _____. 100 17. The standard deviation for IQ is equal to _____. 15 18. List the subtypes of intellectual disability. Down Syndrome, Trisomy 21, Fragile X, Phenylketonuria, Environmental Damage to the Central Nervous System, and Psychosocial Adversity 19. An IQ of _____ defines someone as having mild intellectual disability. 50-70 20. An IQ of _____ defines someone as having moderate intellectual disability. 35-49 21. An IQ of _____ defines someone as having severe intellectual disability. 20-34 22. An IQ of _____ defines someone as having profound intellectual disability. 0-19 23. What is prevalence? The frequency. How prevalent this particular disorder is seen. 24. What is the prevalence for intellectual disability? 2.6% 25. What is the prevalence for autism spectrum disorder? 1% 26. What is the prevalence for dyslexia? 5-15% 27. What is the prevalence for ADHD in children in the United States? 7-9%

3 28. What is the prevalence for ADHD in adults in the United States? 4% 29. What is the prevalence for ODD? 11.2% 30. What is the prevalence for CD in children? 2-5% 31. What is the prevalence for CD in adolescents? 5-9% 32. ID is typically related to some genetic or biological factor. True or false? True 33. Individuals diagnosed with ASD display a strong preoccupation with the self. ASD stands for: Autism Spectrum Disorder 34. ASD is typically diagnosed based on 2 criteria. What are the 2 criteria? Be clear and complete in your answer. Characterized by deficits in social communication (verbal and nonverbal), and restrictive, repetitive behaviors. 35. Approximately ____% of ASD individuals have little or no spoken language ability. 50% 36. Approximately ____% of ASD individuals have normal language ability but it is rarely expressed and it is usually expressed in an abnormal manner (tone, rate, rhythm). 50% 37. ASD is _____ times more prevalent in males than females. Four Three 38. List the subtypes of ASD. Autistic Disorder, Asperger’s Disorder, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder not otherwise specified. 39. At what age does ASD typically develop? During 2 nd year of life. 40. Empirical evidence supports the notion that vaccines cause ASD. True or false? False 41. A ______ disorder refers to a deficit in academic achievement for at least 6 months. Learning 42. List the 4 areas associated with LD. Reading, writing, math, and learning not otherwise specified. 43. What is the most common type of reading disorder? Dyslexia 44. Dyslexia is when an individual reads a word backwards. True or false? False 45. To be diagnosed as possessing ADHD, two things must be true. What are the 2 things? ADHD must occur in more than one setting (e.g., home and school) and be the primary cause of functional problems.

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4 46. List the 3 subtypes of ADHD. Combined type, Impulsive/Hyperactive type, Inattentive and Distractible type. 47. Of the 3 subtypes of ADHD, which is most prevalent in females? Subtype 1 the Combined type(Mild form of ADHD) 48. ADHD is more prevalent among males than females. True or false? True 49. ADHD is more prevalent among females than males. True or false? False 50. ADHD is more prevalent among which race? Caucasians 51. _____% of children with ADHD have it as adolescents. 70% 52. ODD is more severe than CD. True or false? False 53. CD is more severe than ODD. True or false? True 54. ODD stands for: Oppositional Defiant Disorder 55. CD stands for: Conduct Disorder 56. Individuals diagnosed with ODD are most likely also going to be diagnosed with CD. True or false? False 57. Individuals diagnosed with CD are most likely also going to be diagnosed as having been ODD. True or false? True 58. List the subtypes of CD. Socialized versus under-socialized and aggressive versus non-aggressive Childhood-onset type and Adolescent-onset type Applied Questions: Questions that you should be able to answer based on the lecture video and/or textbook information, but the answers are not provided in the book or video.

5 1. I am curious if the grade point average of students significantly changes over time. I randomly select 200 individuals from each class. What type of design is this study? Longitudinal Study 2. I am curious if the grade point average of students significantly changes over time. I randomly select 200 individuals and study them throughout their academic career. What type of design is this study? Cross-sequential 3. Make an argument that intellectual disability supports a categorical approach to the classification of mental illness. Be clear and complete in your answer. 4. Make an argument that intellectual disability supports a dimensional approach to the classification of mental illness. Be clear and complete in your answer. 5. I think that students become more stressed as they go through their college career. However, there is no data to support it. This is an example of: 6. If I suffer from dyslexia and the letter on the page is a “u”, which letter(s) could I potentially incorrectly see that letter as? 7. If I suffer from dyslexia and the letter on the page is a “b”, which letter(s) could I potentially incorrectly see that letter as? 8. A child who refuses to do their chores at home could be diagnosed with ODD. True or false? 9. A child who refuses to do their chores at home could be diagnosed with CD. True or false? 10. Consider the following individual: He refuses to pick up toys. He frequently argues with his parents when they ask him to do something. He displays frequent temper tantrums. If this child was diagnosed with a mental disorder, it would most likely be: 11. Consider the following individual: No matter how hard the child tries, they seem unable to solve math problems. They do fine in all of the other classes, but with math they fail every homework assignment, quiz, and exam. If this child was diagnosed with a mental disorder, it would most likely be:

6 12. Consider the following individual: He frequently is getting in trouble for torturing the pets of various neighbors for no apparent reason. He has been caught taking money from his mother’s purse while she is in another room and without her permission. Likewise, he has been caught shoplifting a number of times. If this child was diagnosed with a mental disorder, it would most likely be: 13. Consider the following individual: No matter how hard the child tries, they seem unable to pass any of their classes. No matter what the subject matter, they fail every homework assignment, quiz, and exam. If this child was diagnosed with a mental disorder, it would most likely be: 14. Consider the following individual: Despite every attempt by their caretaker, the child has significant problems interacting with kids their own age. The child shows no interest in playing games that any of the other children want to play. The child also rarely, if ever, has a conversation with other kids or his parents. If this child was diagnosed with a mental disorder, it would most likely be: 15. Consider the following individual: No matter how hard the child tries, they seem unable to solve algebraic math problems. The child has performed well in their other math classes, but they seems completely unable to solve algebra problems. The situation is even more perplexing because the child had no problems with math classes they took after algebra. Based on this information, does the child suffer from a mental disorder? If so, which one. Fully and completely explain your answer. 16. When I was a kid, I decided that I just didn’t want to go to school anymore. So I started to skip school. Instead of going to school, I would hang out at my friend Jonathan’s house and watch tv all day. Based on this information, did I suffer from a mental disorder? If so, which one. Fully and completely explain your answer.

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