Poli Sci 2530 W10

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School

Western University *

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1020

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Political Science

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by WrightEthan13100

Canadian and Quebec Nationalism ● 1.0 Canadian Nationalism ○ National identity, Nationalism, Nation ■ Citizenship: relinquish or subsume some previous forms of allegiance, (i.e. an identity based on religion ethnicity or regional association) in favour of the universal status of citizen” ■ The state: border, territory, international recognition ■ nation: imagined community ■ National identity: “the continuous reproduction and reinterpretation of the pattern of values, symbols, memories, myths and traditions that compose the distinctive heritage of nations, and the identifications of individuals with that pattern and heritage and with its cultural elements” (Smith 2001:18) ■ Socially constructed ■ Nationalism: strong feelings ■ If you had to choose one word to represent the core value that defines us as Canadians, what would it be? ■ Ajzenstat: franco-anglophone; Britain; love; economic; homogeneity + heterogeneity ○ Pattern: the evolution of canadian nationalism ■ Philosophy vs culture vs surveys vs speeches from the throne ■ Socially constructed by elite, to create loyalty, story changes over time ■ 1. Imperial Subject ● British Connection ● Infrastructure and natural resources ● Binational heritage? Indigenous peoples? ● WWI and WWII: Governor General “From the terrible struggle in which our country has borne so notable a part, Canada … has taken a high place among the world's nations … Endowed with the vast heritage, we face the future with just confidence, firm in our determination to upbuild within our borders a great and prosperous nation.” ■ 2. Caring-sharing Canadians or “social citizenship” ● Welfare state; O Canada, Citizenship Act, CBC, bilingualism, Indigenous peoples, human rights ■ 3. The Entrepreneurial Canadian ● Stagflation ● Self reliance and sacrifice ● State to focus on most needy ● Neoliberalism ■ 4. The Middle Way? ● Markets and the state are both important ● Weakening of domestic identities? ● Which identity should define Canada Today?

● 2.0 Quebec Nationalism ○ Multinationalism ○ Will Kymlicka ■ 1. Settler state ■ 2. Multinational state ■ 3. Polyethnic state ○ John Ralston Saul: Metis Political Culture ○ Can we successfully build a Canadian identity around multinationalism? Yes or No? ○ The Pattern: evolution of QC Nationalism ■ English and French Canada ■ Catholic vs Protestant ■ French ■ Arts and Culture ■ Legal System (civil law) ■ The QC state ■ Stage 1: Cultural Nationalism ● Feudal, catholic, hierarchical, social classes, deference, French ● Canadians or habitants ● Seven years war, Quebec act of 1774, BNA act, 1867 (strong nat’l gov’t, culture to provs) ■ Stage 2: Quebec state nationalism ● Industrialization in 1870; urbanization in 1900’s; WWI and WWII ● Big gov’t, more social programs ● 1960 Quiet Evolution; Jean Lesage and the Liberal Party vs. Union Nationale and Clergy ● Modernize QC; nationalize energy and manufacturing; support francophone business secularism, loyalty to the QC State! ● Ottawa troubled: Lester Pearson, Pierre Trudeau; Secession Referendums; non-constitutional accommodation (Chretien, Harper); BQ, NDP, Jean Charest, Couillard ○ Quebec Economic Nationalism ■ Non-constitutional appeasement ■ More control within and outside of QC ■ French ■ Economy: Have not vs Have (received 11 Billion in equalization in 2017-2018) ■ Neoliberalism and corporate interests ■ Coalition Avenir Quebec (74 seats; 37.5 popular vote): conservative, ethnic nationalism

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