Homework 1 - Atmospheric Measurements(1)

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Central Michigan University *

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140

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Physics

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Apr 3, 2024

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Temperature is related to SVP according to the graph at the bottom of the first page. Temperature is the x-coordinate on the graph and the y-value corresponds to the SVP.  The relationship is identical for Td and VP.  Therefore, if you have one of the pair, you can find the other by reading it off the graph. To get relative humidity you need to have both VP and SVP and use the formula: RH = VP SVP ∗ 100 to get relative humidity as a percentage. Useful temperature conversions are: ℉ = ( 9 5 ℃ ) + 32 , ℃ = 5 9 ( ℉ − 32 ) , and ℃ ≈ K − 273 1) Complete the following table using the figure at the bottom of the page (figure 1 below). Convert between temperature scales as needed and include units in your answer. You should round your answers since the figure can be hard to read. (5 points) City T T d SVP VP RH (%) Los Angeles, CA 95 °F 47 °F Mt. Pleasant, MI 86 °F 10 °C Louisville, KY 77 °F 23 mb Trenton, NJ 77 °F 77 °F Orlando, FL 14 °C 42 mb Santa Fe, NM 310 K 50 %
2) To coordinate weather observations, all weather balloon launches occur at 0000 UTC and 1200 UTC. What times would weather balloons be launched in the following cities during standard time? (5 points) Birmingham, AL? Phoenix, AZ? San Diego, CA? Denver, CO? Atlanta, GA? Honolulu, HI? Detroit, MI? Bangor, ME? Butte, MT? Austin, TX? Figure 1 3) Use this Stuve plot from 5AM EST in Detroit to answer the following questions. (4 points) In this plot, temperature is on the right and dew-point temperature is on the left.
a) What is the temperature at the surface? b) Would you expect fog this morning? Why or why not? c) At what pressure level (if any) would there be clouds? Do you think it would be a thick layer? Or a thin layer? d) At what pressure level would you diagnose as the tropopause? (explain your reasoning) e) At what pressure level is the jet stream?
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4) Using the Satellite images above, provide an explanation to why it looks like there might be clouds across Michigan in the visible image, but not in the IR image. (1 point)

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