Introduction to Logic

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Virginia Commonwealth University *

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222

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Philosophy

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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1

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Introduction to Logic Problem: Murder Mystery A millionaire was murdered. Sherlock Holmes considered the following evidence and then announced correctly who the murderer was. What did Holmes conclude? Give the description of the way Holmes must have reasoned. [Hint: Eliminate three people one by one; then, by 1, whoever is left is the murderer.] 1. The cook did it or the gardener did it unless, of course, the maid did it or the butler did it. 2. If the crime was done in the study, then the revolver was the murder weapon. 3. Furthermore, if the revolver was the murder weapon, then the butler did it. 4. The cook did it if and only if it was done in the dining room. 5. But it was done neither in the dining room nor in the study. 6. The gardener was in love with the maid if he did it. 7. And, if he was in love with the maid, then the poison was the cause. 8. On the other hand, if poison was not the cause, then either the cook did it or the maid didn’t do it. 9. The revolver was not the murder weapon and the poison was not the cause. Therefore, the . . . did it.
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