Module 3_Lesson 2_Quiz 8_90%

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Broward College *

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PHI2010

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Philosophy

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Oct 30, 2023

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Question 1 (2 points) Ockham's Razor is the principle that we ought to accept the simplest explanation between two competing explanations. True False Question 2 (2 points) Accepting materialism would involve accepting the following idea(s): a. There are no pure minds or souls in an afterlife, where beings exist without bodies or survive the death of their physical bodies. b. There are no spirits, or immaterial substances. c. Ideas like reincarnation or switching bodies are impossible/nonsensical. d. All of the above Question 3 (2 points) According to this theory, people are made up of two substances: the mind, an immaterial substance, and the body, a material substance that houses the mind. Substance Dualism Logical Behaviorism Materialism Question 4 (2 points) According to this theory, mental events (e.g., pain) should be understood as a set of behaviors (e.g., making a particular expression, saying "ouch," etc.). Materialism Substance Dualism Logical Behaviorism Question 5 (2 points) While different kinds of beings all experience "pain" and other mental events, they might not all have the same physical natures – e.g., their brains might look quite different so "pain" might by identical to a different physical process than c-fibers firing in that being. Which theory does this pose a problem for? Logical Behaviorism Token Identity Theory Eliminative Materialism Type Identity Theory

Question 6 (2 points) According to this theory, our mental experiences of happiness, etc. are just illusions and if we wanted to truly express what is going on we should discuss these things solely in neurological terms. Token Identity Theory Logical Behaviorism Eliminative Materialism Type Identity Theory Question 7 (2 points) According to this theory, expressions like "I am happy" are just shorthand for a set of behaviors that we all recognize. Logical Behaviorism Eliminative Materialism Token Identity Theory Type Identity Theory Question 8 (2 points) According to this theory, all mental states reduce to physical states, but not necessarily the same physical state across species, individuals, or even within the same individual at various time. Token Identity Theory Logical Positivism Eliminative Materialism Type Identity Theory Question 9 (2 points) Theorists were unable to provide the necessary and sufficient behavioral conditions required for translating talk about minds into talk about behaviors. Which theory does this pose a problem for? Logical Behaviorism Token Identity Theory Eliminative Materialism Type Identity Theory Question 10 (2 points) According to this theory, there are no mental processes only physical processes. So, we need not try to connect our mental experiences with the physical processes they are identical with. Eliminative Materialism Token Identity Theory

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