Ethics.edited

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Running Head; ETHICS AND SOCIETY 1 Ethics and Society Student Professor Institution Course Date

ETHICS AND SOCIETY 2 Ethics and Society Question 2 Introduction The idea that truth and falsehood, good and evil, principles of rationality, and explanations all originate from different standards and frames of judgment and that their authority is limited to the environment in which they were produced is the general definition of relativism (DePoy & Gilson, 2022). Louis Pojman's theory of the motivations for moral behavior is at odds with moral relativism. In Pojman's view, the purpose of ethics is to teach us how to act in a way that elucidates our path, avoids or lowers pain, makes others happy, helps us overcome obstacles and deal fairly with conflicts of interest, and establishes responsibility for our actions. Moral relativism is not an adequate explanation of ethics if it is to accomplish the goals that Pojman outlines in his thesis. Thus, moral relativism undermines the point of morality. Pojman claims in his writings that his justifications for morality are fundamental to any moral theory and necessary for the growth of any society (LaFollette, 2020). He says that without morality, neither we nor society will grow or expand to our full potential. Alignment with even one of ethics' aims is necessary for ethical principles to be helpful to society (Floridi et al., 2018). Here, you get to choose whether or not to follow ethical guidelines. Cultural practices and customs may be evaluated for their morality using these standards. Different societies have different norms of expression and cognition. Because these customs are passed down from generation to generation, every culture has its approach to doing things. This claim has much evidence backing it up. People from all across the world know that there are other ways to accomplish things. There is a wide variety in what people wear, what they eat, what they sing, and what they dance to.

ETHICS AND SOCIETY 3 One of human history's most widely discussed and debated ideas is the theory of relativity. Proponents of this view think it is the only moral and intellectual attitude that tolerant and open-minded people should take. A few people do not like it because they think the ideas are not taken seriously or because they don't follow any logical progression. Every branch of philosophy discusses relativity, which is always a hotly debated subject. Therefore, an ethical principle is correct if and only if it helps achieve a moral goal, and it is incorrect if it undermines any moral objectives. It is possible to apply the same criteria to moral theories as one would use to assess moral principles. A moral standard is inadequate if it does not lead to greater happiness and freedom for its adherents. Ineffectiveness or impediment to the code's intended functioning is a fatal fault in any code of ethics. On the other hand, the notion of moral relativism holds that a culture's moral code is always valid, regardless of how it compares to standards of morality. According to moral relativists, a moral code may be a window into a society. It is false if a moral code may be wrong (Rezkalla, 2019). While Pojman's ideal forbids culturally particular moral codes, moral relativism does not need them. A moral relativist might say it is okay for our universities to accept men exclusively if we live in a society that thinks women should not attend college. Ethical considerations Providing unequal access to higher education for men and women runs counter to the goal of fostering development in both sexes. No one should be denied entry to college because of their gender. It is unethical since it goes against commonly held values. This is in contrast to moral relativism, which holds that specific actions are okay because they are generally accepted in our society.

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ETHICS AND SOCIETY 4 It would not matter if some people in our culture thought it immoral to accept students based on gender. Many individuals have come to think that this or that is correct since the majority holds it. If the current method of entry has no noticeable flaws, there is no need to change it. Ethical relativists believe that changing a culture's norms is unnecessary since they are suitable for that culture. There is no way to stop people from doing things that are harmful to a society and its members and that violate moral norms, according to the idea of relativism, because ethical relativists insist that a culture's moral ideas are valid and do not require alteration, even if it is evident that a moral principle clashes with a moral aim, it cannot be changed. The failure of a moral code to meet moral norms guarantees that it will fail again. Altering a set of moral principles will not improve social relations. Once again, moral relativism hinders any attempt to reach a moral goal. Conclusion Generally, Pojman's claim regarding morality's ultimate goal is correct. In that case, we should be able to tell which actions, cultural norms, and ethical guidelines help us get there and which do not. People who live by these principles will help others and act ethically, while the ones who do not need to change their ways. A moral code may be flawed if any moral theory may be shown to be either right or wrong, depending on the goals of morality.

ETHICS AND SOCIETY 5 References DePoy, E., & Gilson, S. F. (2022). Emerging Thoughts in Disability and Humanness. In Google Books . Anthem Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books? hl=en&lr=&id=O5SaEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT7&dq=Relativism Floridi, L., Cowls, J., Beltrametti, M., Chatila, R., Chazerand, P., Dignum, V., … Vayena, E. (2018). AI4People—An Ethical Framework for a Good AI Society: Opportunities, Risks, Principles, and Recommendations. Minds and Machines , 28 (4), 689–707. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-018-9482-5 LaFollette, H. (Ed.). (2020). Ethics in practice: an anthology . John Wiley & Sons. Rezkalla, P. (2019, December 9). Are not Right and Wrong Just Matters of Opinion? On Moral Relativism and Subjectivism. Retrieved from the press. rebus.community website: https://press.rebus.community/intro-to-phil-ethics/chapter/arent-right-and- wrong-just-matters-of-opinion-on-moral-relativism-and-subjectivism/

Ethics.edited

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