6101-W3-D2

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Fazaia Degree College, M.R.F, Kamra, Attock *

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6101

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Nursing

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Nov 24, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by maryamberlas

Early Identification of Postpartum Depression Problem Statement and Research Purpose Having a baby is a joyous, exciting, and often anxious time for most women. However, for women who develop postpartum depression (PPD) after delivery, becoming a new mother can become extremely challenging and stressful. Among new mothers, PPD is one of the most prevalent mental illnesses. It is linked to poor mother-infant bonding, decreased rates of breastfeeding initiation, and a higher chance of developmental delays in infants. Postpartum depression is not limited to mothers alone; fathers can also experience symptoms of PPD as well. In the first year following the birth of their child, an estimated 4% of fathers suffer from depression, according to the American Psychiatric Association (ASA) (2020). Particularly younger fathers, fathers who have experienced depression in the past, and fathers who are experiencing financial difficulties are at risk for the development of PPD. The symptoms of postpartum depression are similar to symptoms of depression and can arise at any point during pregnancy or within the first year following delivery. Some of the symptoms include: Crying more often than usual, feelings of anger, withdrawing from loved ones, feeling distant from your baby, worrying or feeling overly anxious thinking about hurting yourself or your baby, and doubting your ability to care for your baby (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2023). Postpartum depression is one of the most prevalent medical problems connected with pregnancy, affecting about 1 in 10 women after giving birth. Additionally, it's estimated that a health care professionals will not detect postpartum depression in roughly 50% of mothers (Carberg, J., 2023). The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (2016) recommends that pregnant women be screened at least once during the perinatal period and again at the postpartum visit by their health care provider. Although, one screening during pregnancy is insufficient, as many women can develop anxiety or depression at any time during their pregnancy and after. By conducting depression screenings more frequently during pregnancy and the postpartum period, this research aims to identify symptoms of depression early and identify women who may be at risk for postpartum depression. Early identification is key to providing the patient with the necessary treatment of depression whether nonpharmacologic or pharmacologic, to promote health and well-being of not only the mother, but the child as well. PICOT Question: Patient, Population or Problem: The population for this research study consists of pregnant women from 6 week’s pregnant until 12 months after the termination of pregnancy from local OB/GYN offices and clinics. Intervention or exposure Interventions that will be implemented in this study include depression screenings while pregnant at the first prenatal visit and at least once during the second and third trimester. Also, PPD screenings will be conducted during the postpartum period at 1-week at the infant’s pediatric visit, at the six-week postpartum with the OB/GYN, and repeated screenings at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months postpartum with the child’s pediatrician. If the mother or mother’s family recognizes depressive symptoms prior to the next

appointment, tele-visits with their OB/GYN or primary care provider can be done to begin treatment of symptoms. Comparison This study will be comparing the prevalence of PPD between the intervention group and the control group. The research will be identifying the outcomes of consistent screenings during the perinatal and postpartum period by the OB/GYN and pediatrician versus only routine screenings provided by the OB/GYN Outcome The purpose of this study is for providers to screen for depression more often to identify depressive symptoms early in pregnancy or during the postpartum period and initiate appropriate treatment to prevent the occurrence of worsening symptoms. References American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). (2016, January 26). ACOG statement on depression screening. https://www.acog.org/news/news-releases/2016/01/acog- statement-on-depressionscreening American Psychiatric Association. (2020, October). What is peripartum depression (formerly postpartum)?Psychiatry.org. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/peripartum-depression/ what-isperipartum-depression Carberg, J. (2023, July 23). Postpartum depression statistics: Recent research and data about PPD. PostpartumDepression.org. https://www.postpartumdepression.org/resources/statistics/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, May 1). Depression during and after pregnancy. https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/features/maternal-depression/index.html

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