Homelessness

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Laikipia University *

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COMMUNITY

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Nursing

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Nov 24, 2024

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1 Homelessness Name Instructor Institution Course Date

2 Homelessness is a complex issue referring to those lacking adequate and stable housing or shelter. It encompasses several groups - the chronically homeless are individuals with disabilities who have been continually homeless for over a year(Stanhope & Lancaster, 2021,pp444). Transitionally homeless individuals have temporarily lost housing due to financial hardship or catastrophes but are actively working to regain stability. Meanwhile those facing episodic homelessness cycle in and out of housing over time, struggling with chronic unemployment and poverty while less inclined to utilize support services. Up to 7% of the homeless population falls into this last category. Homelessness has long been an issue in the United States with contributing societal factors like lack of affordable housing, unemployment, poverty, and inadequate access to healthcare. However, modern homelessness escalated in the 1980s with factors like stagnant wages, deinstitutionalization of mentally ill patients without adequate community supports, and a lack of affordable housing options. This led to a rapid rise in visibility of homeless populations lacking adequate shelter. Key legislation that has impacted homelessness includes the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act in 1987 which provided emergency relief funding and long-term solutions. More recent legislation includes the HEARTH Act in 2009 which consolidated homeless assistance programs and focused on prevention. However, according to Stanhope & Lancaster (2021) there is a still gaps remain that by 2019 there were still over 568,000 experiencing homeless with over 37% of them living on the street(Stanhope & Lancaster, 2021,pp 444). From a community health perspective, homelessness continues to have significant impacts on health and wellbeing. Homeless individuals experience higher rates of chronic disease, mental illness, substance abuse and have difficulty accessing and continuing treatment (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2021, pp446). Nurses play crucial roles in providing healthcare, connecting people

3 with housing and social services, coordinating complex care needs, and advocating for broader societal changes to address root causes. Continued efforts are needed to promote health and prevent and end homelessness. As frontline providers caring for vulnerable populations, community health nurses are uniquely poised to address intersecting needs holistically whether reaching people directly on the streets, in shelters, or permanent supportive housing programs. Nurses also have opportunity to coordinate across other community services, advocate for health-promoting housing policies and social justice reform, provide needed physical and mental healthcare, and empower those with lived experience who are experts in their own needs.

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4 References Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2021). Foundations for population health in community/public health nursing-E-book. Elsevier Health Sciences.

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