exam 1 2024 KEY

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Apr 3, 2024

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Copyright all rights reserved, Wayne State University 2024 Exam 1 Histology 4630 W2024 Dr. Karen Beningo Choose the best answer to the question. You may take the exam with you when you exit the room so be sure to record your answer on both the scantron and the exam itself. However, the only answer that will be considered is the one marked on the scantron. No questions regarding the exam will be accepted during the administration of the exam. Please supply the proctor with your student identification when you exit the room. Any student found cheating on the exam will receive a zero for this exam, no excuses tolerated. Read the questions carefully. Best of luck! Question 1-10 Identification. 1. Identify the collagen type that composes the fiber indicated by the red arrow. a) Type I b) Type II c) Type III d) Type IV 2. Identify the tissue in this slide. a) Stratified columnar epithelia b) Pseudostratified epithelia c) Simple columnar epithelia d) Stratified squamous epithelia keratinized 3. Identify the cytoskeletal filaments in the structure that is indicated by the arrows a) Intermediate filaments b) Actin c) It cannot be determined from the image provided d) Microtubules 4. Identify the cell indicted in the slide. a) Fat cell b) Epidermal Mucus cell c) Lacunae d) Goblet cell
Copyright all rights reserved, Wayne State University 2024 5. Identify the tissue in this slide. a) Hyaline cartilage b) Fibrocartilage c) Elastic Cartilage d) Reticular Cartilage 6. Identify the cell type identified by the arrows. a) chondrocyte b) osteocyte c) chondroblast d) osteoblast 7. Identify the tissue in this slide. a) Mesenchymal connective tissue b) Loose connective tissue c) Dense irregular connective tissue d) Dense regular connective tissue 8. Identify the structure indicated by the arrow. a) Reticular fibers b) Artifact c) Haversian canal d) Volkmans canal 9. In what organ would you find this epithelial tissue? a) Bladder b) Kidney c) Colon d) Gallbladder 10. What structures are the arrow pointing to on the apical surface of these cells? a) Brush border b) Cilia c) Microvilli d) Sterocilia
Copyright all rights reserved, Wayne State University 2024 Question 11-20 Matching —match the definition/statement with the correct word. Words may only be used once. 11. Produced by a goblet cell in large amounts. D 12. Sugar coating of a cell. E 13. Produces reticular fibers. A 14. A resident macrophage. B 15. Microtubules in a cilia. C 16. Microfibrils that surround elastin core. E 17. Composed of claudins. D 18. Recognized by integrin receptors. B 19. Can be found in cilia. C 20. A medium for embedding tissues. A Questions 21-30 True or False 21. Metabolism of brown fat generates heat. a) True b) False 22. Connexins located in the plasma membrane are connected to the microtubule cytoskeleton to provide strength. a) True b) False 23. Secretory granules of unstimulated mast cells contain the pain causing substance bradykinin. a) True b) False 24. During apocrine secretion only the secretory product is released from the cell. a) True b) False a. fibroblast b. Kupffer cell c. 9+2 arrangement d. mucingen e. glycocaylx a. paraffin b. RGD sequence c. Nexin d. Occluding junctions e. fibrillin
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Copyright all rights reserved, Wayne State University 2024 25. Hypoxia can make an osteocyte a chondrocyte. a) True b) False 26. Hydroxylysines in tropocollagen link the alpha chains together. a) True b) False 27. All GAGs can be linked to the serines of proteins through a tetrasaccarhide linker to form a proteoglycan. a) True b) False 28. Sharpey fibers anchor the perichondrium to the surface of bone. a) True b) False 29. GAGs are synthesized on the outside surface of the cell to prevent the cytoplasm from becoming a gel. a) True b) False 30. Cadherins are calcium-sensitive transmembrane receptors used for cell-cell interactions at the desmosomes. a) True b) False Questions 31-40 Fill in the blank 31. The electron microscope uses _________________ and ___________________ for visualization. a) Light, mirrors b) Electrons, magnets c) Electrons, stains d) Electrons, mirrors
Copyright all rights reserved, Wayne State University 2024 32. ___________________ and ____________________ are histological stains used to visualize acidic and basic regions of the cell. a) Silver stain , iron hematoxylin b) Hematoxylin, eosin c) Orceins, Weigert’s d) Wrights, Giemsa 33. ______________________are missing organelles and filled with keratin. a) Epithelial cell b) Goblet cells c) Squames d) Serous cells 34. Canaliculi of the osteon can only be viewed by ___________________. a) Dissolving inorganic material b) Ground section c) Silver stain d) Freeze fracture 35. Microvilli function to _____________. a) Increase surface area for secretion b) Increase surface area for absorption c) Create fluid flow d) Two of the above 36. Hemidesomosomes are like desomosmes because they are attached to ____________________. a) Integrins b) Microtubules c) Actin d) None of the above
Copyright all rights reserved, Wayne State University 2024 37. Kartengers syndrome results from a defect in ____________________. a) Microvilli b) Dynamin c) Nexin d) None of the above 38. ________________________ attract water to the GAG. a) Anions b) Cations c) Hydrogens d) Tetrasaccharides 39. In adults, mesenchymal connective tissue is found only in the ______________________. a) Dental pulp b) Lung c) Bone marrow d) Ear 40. Ninety-nine percent of the bodies calcium is stored in ______________________________. a) Parathyroid b) ER c) Sarcoplasm reticulum d) Bone Questions 41-50 Multiple Choice 41. The growth of bone in width takes place primarily in this location: a) Epiphyseal plate b) Diaphysis c) Spongy bone d) periostium
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Copyright all rights reserved, Wayne State University 2024 42. What protein stops the resorption of calcium by osteoclasts? a) Parathyroid hormone b) Calcitonin c) MCSF d) OSP 43. Your clavicle was formed through this type of ossification. a) Endochondrial b) Intramembranous c) Osteogenic d) None of the above 44. Which of the following is not recognized as a cellular zone within an osteoclast? a) Ruffled border b) Clear zone c) Vesicular zone d) Apical zone 45. A B-lymphocyte that has become activated after interactions with an antigen and begins to produce antibodies. a) Mast cell b) Plasma cell c) Pericyte d) Lymphoblast cell 46. What biochemical characteristic provides great elasticity to elastic fibers? a) Fibrillin encasement b) Hydoxylysine coupling c) Desmosine cross-links d) Hydroxyproline cross-links
Copyright all rights reserved, Wayne State University 2024 47. How does Fibrocartilage differ from the other cartilage types: what doesn’t it have that the other types do? a) Type I collagen b) Type II collagen c) Absence of perichondrium d) More than one above 48. Which of the following factors prompt the differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells into osteoblasts? a) TLC b) Osteopontin c) BMP d) Hypoxia 49. Which of the following statements does not apply to hyaluronic acid? a) It is synthesized outside of the cell—it is not IN the membrane or inside the cell—it is outside on the cell surface. b) It is sulfonated c) It is strongly negative in charge d) It is the largest GAG 50. Cell-cell adhesions in intestinal epithelial cells are typically found in a specific order along the lateral surface of the cells. Which of the following answers best depicts this typical order when proceeding from the apical face to the basement membrane. a) Tight junction, gap junction, desmosomes b) Adherens junction, desmosomes, tight junctions c) Tight junction, adherens junction, desmosome d) Desmosome, adherens junction, tight junction Nomenclature hint: the book calls these junctions, zonula adherents (adherens junctions), maculae adherents (desmosomes), zonula occludents (tight junctions).