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Auretr 123 Task 1 - null
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Assessment Task 1
AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition
Engine Management Systems
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment
Student Name
HUZAIFA HUZAIFA
Student ID Number
SCS2989
Unit Start Date
Unit End Date
Assessment Due Date
Date Submitted
This cover sheet is to be completed by the student and assessor and used as a record to determine student
competency in this assessment task
The assessment process and tasks were fully explained.
Yes / No
I am aware of which evidence will be collected and how.
Yes / No
I am aware of my right to appeal an assessment decision.
Yes / No
I am aware that I can locate Complaints and Appeals Policy and Procedure
on Strathfield College
website
Yes / No
I have discussed any additional educational support or reasonable adjustments I require in order to
undertake this assessment with the Student Support Services Officer and Trainer / Assessor
Yes / No
I have access to all required resources?
Yes / No
Cheating & Plagiarism Declaration
Student Declaration:
I hereby acknowledge by signing this declaration that I have not cheated or plagiarised any
work regarding the assessment tasks undertaken in this unit of competency except where the work has been
correctly acknowledged.
NOTE: Student must sign this prior to submitting their assessments to the assessor
Signature
Date
: ______ / ______ / 20______
Assessment Results
Satisfactory
or
Not Yet
Satisfactory
(Please circle the assessment result for this task)
Feedback to Student - Please provide general feedback on the Student’s performance Student Declaration: - I verify that the work completed
is my own and that I was adequately informed of the
assessment process prior to commencing this
assessment task.
Assessor Declaration: - I verify that I have adequately
explained and negotiated the assessment tasks with the
student prior to commencing assessment.
Student Name:
Assessor’s Name:
Student Signature
Date
Assessor Signature Date
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Student Written Questions – AURETR123
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Student Guide for Written Knowledge Assessment
Overview
of
Assessment This is a written assessment task you will be assess on your knowledge of diagnosing and
repairing spark ignition engine management systems.
The topics that will be covered in the assessment are:
1.
Prepare to diagnose and repair spark ignition engine management
systems
2.
Diagnose engine management
systems
3.
Repair engine management
systems
4.
Complete work processes
This assessment will ensure that the elements, performance criteria, performance evidence
and knowledge evidence required, and conditions are adhered to demonstrate competency
in this unit assessment task.
Read the assessment carefully before commencing.
Your Assessor will use the assessment criteria in this document and will provide
feedback / comment.
You MUST
answer all the questions in the assessment tasks in your own words and
own handwriting.
This is an “Open Book” assessment, and students can use the resources listed in
the “Resources Required” section below.
Task/s
to
be
assessed
To complete this written assessment, you will need to answer the 127
questions comprising
of Multiple Choice, True and False, Fill-in the Gap and Short Answer questions.
Time allowed
On average, the Assessment should take 4 – 6 hours to complete.
Location
This theory assessment will be completed in a classroom under the supervision of a
trainer/assessor.
Decision
making
rules
To receive a ‘satisfactory’ outcome for this assessment students MUST
successfully answer
all questions. If a student achieves less than 100%, they can reattempt the assessment
after further study has taken place. Students who cannot achieve a minimum of 100% you
will not have satisfactorily completed this assessment
Your assessor will be looking for the following in this assessment task: -
Work health and safety (WHS) and occupational health and safety (OHS)
requirements relating to diagnosing and repairing spark ignition engine
management systems, including procedures for: o
Using specialised tools and equipment o
Using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) o
Identifying hazards and controlling risks associated with:
Working on vehicle high voltage ignition systems
Wearing jewellery while working around high current wiring
systems
Working with high pressure petrol fuel systems
Operating principles of spark ignition engine management systems and associated
components, including: o
Combustion, including:
Air-fuel ratios and chemistry of combustion
Composition of petrol fuel, including octane rating
Indirect and direct fuel injection
Application, purpose and operation of spark ignition engine management systems
and components, including: o
Fuel system, including:
Fuel filters
Fuel pumps
Fuel pressure regulators Document Name:
Student Written Questions – AURETR123
Version:
2.0
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Fuel injectors o
Electronic control system, including the following system inputs:
Throttle position sensors
Coolant temperature sensors
Oxygen sensors
Load sensors and air flow meters
Intake air temperature sensors
Crankshaft position sensors
Camshaft position sensors
Battery voltage
Accessory load sensors
Knock sensors o
Key features of electronic control units (ecus), including:
Read-only memory (ROM)
Programmable read-only memory (PROM)
Electronically erasable programmable read-only memory
(EEPROM)
Random access memory (RAM)
Multiplexing
Adaptive learning
Short-term fuel trim (STFT)
Long-term fuel trim (LTFT)
Sensor reference voltages and sensor grounds o
System outputs, including:
Injectors
Idle speed control devices
Fuel pump relays
Engine cooling fans
Air conditioning compressor controls
Broadband intake manifolds
Exhaust gas recirculation solenoid controls
Carbon canister purge controls
Throttle motor (drive by wire) controls
Variable valve timing controls
Assembly line diagnostic link (ALDL) o
Ignition systems and components, including:
Spark plugs
Ignition leads
Ignition coils, including electromagnetic induction
Ignition timing, including varying ignition timing according to engine
load, speed and knock sensor input
Dwell period o
ECU control of ignition coil switching and methods of generating timing
signals, including:
Profile ignition pick-up (PIP) and crankshaft position sensor signals,
including inductive pick-up, Hall effect and light emitting diode
(LED)
Waste spark ignition systems
Coil-on-plug ignition systems
Integrated ignition systems
Diagnostic testing procedures for spark ignition engine management systems,
including: o
Diagnostic flow charts o
Fuel system testing, including:
Low pressure fuel system testing
High pressure fuel system testing o
Testing electrical systems, including procedures for:
Accessing electrical terminals and using test probes without
damaging connectors, fuse holders or wiring Document Name:
Student Written Questions – AURETR123
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Injector testing
Sensor testing
Actuator testing o
Accessing and interpreting industry-relevant test equipment data,
including:
Fault codes
Live data
Freeze frame data
Waveforms
Repair or replacement procedures for spark ignition engine management systems,
including procedures for: o
Removing and replacing the following electrical or electronic components:
Sensors
Actuators, including fuel injectors and fuel pumps o
Adjusting and recalibrating components and associated systems
Post-repair testing procedures, including procedures for: o
Clearing fault codes o
Assessing engine performance o
Checking for electrical connector mating.
Assessment
conditions
Assessors MUST
satisfy NVR/AQTF assessor requirements. Competency is to be assessed in the simulated environment that accurately reflects
performance in a real workplace setting. Assessment MUST
include direct observation of tasks. Where assessment of competency includes third-party evidence, individuals MUST
provide
evidence that links them to the spark ignition engine management systems that they have
worked on, e.g. repair orders.
Assessors MUST
verify performance evidence through questioning on skills and knowledge
to ensure correct interpretation and application. The following resources MUST
be made available:
Automotive simulated workplace
Workplace instructions
Manufacturer specifications for spark ignition engine management systems
Three different vehicles or machinery with spark ignition engine management
system faults
Diagnostic equipment for spark ignition engine management systems, including: o
Multimeter o
Scan tool
Tools, equipment and materials appropriate for repairing spark ignition engine
management systems. Resources required
Learning Resources available to students include:
Automotive Technology (A System Approach) 6
th
Edition – Chapters 6, 22, 24, & 25
Websites –
https://www.reference.com/vehicles/power-steering-pressure-switch-
7878ebe965e1873a
http://www.aa1car.com/library/electric_cooling_fan.htm
http://www.autoaide.ca/members/diagnostic-guide/air-conditioning/
Trainer Handouts
Results/Re-
assessment
The Assessor will grade the assessment and record the result on the front page of
this document (S) – Satisfactory if all observable behaviours are correct and (NS)
not satisfactory if any areas are left incorrect
Feedback will be provided on either result
Where a student receives a ‘NS – Not Satisfactory’ result, the assessor will discuss
the area of the non-compliant observable behaviour and an opportunity given for re-
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
assessment. This may be through direct observation or a different method of
assessment e.g. verbal/oral questioning, problem solving exercise.
If the outcome is again not satisfactory the student result will be deemed (NYC) not
yet competent. Additional feedback will be given, and a time agreed upon for further
assessment after additional training and skills practice has taken place, this
information will be recorded, dated and signed in the re-assessment area on the
last page of this document
Where all the assessment tasks have been graded (S) Satisfactory, the student will
be deemed C – Competent for the practical component and the result recorded and
signed in the area indicated on the last page of this document
Reasonable
Adjustment
If the participant is unable to undertake the written assessment as designed, an interview
(verbal questioning) may be used as an alternate approach.
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Assessment 1 – Questioning
Written Assessment
1.
Name ten (10) precautions that should be taken to protect electronic components?
1
Avoid ESD (Electrostatic Discharge): Wear an anti-static wristband when handling electronic
components or working on an electronic circuit. Use ESD-safe work surfaces and tools.
2
Use the right tools: Use proper tools for each job. Use precision screwdrivers, pliers, and
cutters to avoid damaging components.
3
Keep the workspace clean: Maintain a clean workspace, free of debris and other contaminants
that can cause damage to electronic components.
4
Avoid moisture: Keep electronic components dry and avoid exposing them to moisture.
5
Use the right storage containers: Store electronic components in anti-static bags, or containers
designed for electronic storage.
6
Avoid extreme temperatures: Avoid exposing electronic components to extreme temperatures,
both hot and cold.
7
Turn off power: Turn off the power when working with electronic circuits to avoid damage to
components.
8
Check polarity: Double-check the polarity of components before installing them.
9
Follow manufacturer instructions: Follow the manufacturer's instructions for installation and
maintenance of electronic components.
10
Use surge protectors: Use surge protectors to protect electronic components from power
surges and voltage spikes
2.
Why should test lamps not be used with an EFI system?
Test lamps should not be used with an EFI (Electronic Fuel Injection) system because they draw too much current and may damage the sensitive electronic components of the system. EFI systems operate at very
low voltages and high currents, and test lamps can cause voltage spikes that can damage the computer
or other components. Instead, specialized diagnostic tools designed for use with EFI systems should be used to avoid damaging the components.
3.
What type of voltmeter or multimeter should normally be used for checking an EFI system?
A digital voltmeter or multimeter should normally be used for checking an EFI system as they are more accurate and have a higher input impedance than analog meters, which helps to prevent damage to
sensitive
electronic components. Digital meters also provide more precise readings and can display a wider range of
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Values.
4.
Identify some important items of personal safety when working on a vehicle that is equipped with an engine
management system?
Always disconnect the battery before working on any electrical components of the vehicle to prevent
electric shock.
Use safety glasses to protect your eyes from sparks, debris, or chemicals.
Avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry that could get caught in moving parts.
Use insulated tools when working on electrical components to prevent electrical shock.
Be cautious when working on high-pressure fuel lines and never work on them while the engine is running.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
5.
Which of the following statements about safety glasses is true?
A.
They should offer side protection.
B.
The lenses should be made of a shatterproof material.
C.
Some service operations require additional eye protection to be worn with safety glasses.
D.
All answers are correct.
6.
Rings, necklaces, bracelets and watches should not be worn while working around high current wiring
systems. Why?
Rings, necklaces, bracelets, and watches should not be worn while working around high current wiring systems because they can create a short circuit between a live wire and ground, potentially causing a
serious electrical shock or burn. Metal jewelry can conduct electricity and can provide a path for current to
flow
through the body, leading to injury or even death. It is important to always remove jewelry and other metal
objects before working on electrical systems to minimize the risk of electrical accidents.
7.
Name six (6) precautions that should be observed when working on electronic-type ignition systems?
1
Disconnect the battery: Before starting any work on an electronic-type ignition system, it is
important to disconnect the battery. This will prevent any accidental shocks or short circuits.
2
Grounding: Always make sure that the ignition system is properly grounded. This helps to
prevent electrical interference and ensures that the ignition system functions properly.
3
Avoid hot surfaces: Electronic ignition components can be damaged by excessive heat, so it is
important to avoid hot surfaces and keep the components cool.
4
Use proper tools: When working on electronic ignition systems, it is important to use the proper
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
tools. Using the wrong tools can damage components and lead to system failure.
5
Follow manufacturer instructions: Always follow the manufacturer's instructions when installing
or servicing electronic ignition systems. This will ensure that the system is properly installed
and functioning correctly.
6
Use a multimeter: When troubleshooting electronic ignition systems, it is important to use a
multimeter to measure voltages and check for continuity. This can help to pinpoint the source of
any problems and ensure that the system is functioning properly.
8.
What two (2) precautions should be taken before disconnecting or removing a component of an EFI system?
1
The ignition should be turned off and the key should be removed from the ignition switch to prevent accidental starting of the engine.
2
The negative battery cable should be disconnected to prevent the possibility of a short circuit or electrical shock.
9.
Why is Engine Management Systems used?
Engine Management Systems (EMS) are used to monitor and control various functions of an engine to
optimize its performance, efficiency, and emissions. These systems use a network of sensors and
actuators to gather data about the engine's operating conditions and adjust various parameters such as fuel
injection, ignition timing, idle speed, and emissions control systems accordingly. By using an EMS, the
engine can be
operated at its optimal efficiency, resulting in better fuel economy, lower emissions, and improved overall
performance. Additionally, EMS can help diagnose and identify problems with the engine, making it easier
to perform maintenance and repairs.
10.
What is meant by combustion?
Combustion refers to the chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidizing agent, usually oxygen, that
results in the release of heat energy and the production of various combustion products such as carbon dioxide, water vapour, and other gases. In an internal combustion engine, combustion occurs within the
combustion chamber, igniting the fuel-air mixture and producing the energy needed to drive the engine's
mechanical components.
11.
What are the two main chemicals in petrol?
The two main chemicals in petrol (gasoline) are hydrocarbons and additives. Hydrocarbons include
compounds such as octane, isooctane, and heptane, which are responsible for providing energy when burned. Additives are chemical compounds added to petrol to improve its performance, stability, and other
characteristics. Examples of additives include detergents, anti-knock agents, and stabilizers.
12.
Why does the engine need a mixture of air and fuel?
The engine needs a mixture of air and fuel to facilitate combustion, which is the process that releases
energy and powers the engine. Air provides oxygen that is necessary for combustion to occur, while fuel
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
provides the combustible material. The air-fuel mixture must be properly balanced to ensure efficient combustion
and optimal engine performance.
13.
What is air/fuel ratio and why is it important?
A rich mixture refers to a fuel-air mixture that has a higher proportion of fuel to air than the ideal air-fuel
ratio. emissions, and potentially damage to the engine. A lean mixture can cause increased combustion A lean mixture, on the other hand, refers to a fuel-air mixture that has a lower proportion of fuel to air than
the ideal air-fuel ratio. Both rich and lean mixtures can have negative effects on engine performance and
emissions. A rich mixture can cause incomplete combustion, leading to decreased fuel efficiency,
increased
temperatures, which can lead to engine damage, and can also result in decreased power and increased
emissions.
14.
What is a rich mixture? What is a lean mixture?
A rich mixture is a fuel-air mixture that contains a higher ratio of fuel to air than the stoichiometric ratio (the
ideal air-fuel ratio for complete combustion). This can result in incomplete combustion and the release of
excess hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) into the atmosphere
A lean mixture is a fuel-air mixture that contains a lower ratio of fuel to air than the stoichiometric ratio.
This can result in incomplete combustion and the release of excess nitrogen oxides (NOx) into the
atmosphere. A lean mixture can also cause engine overheating and damage if the combustion temperature
becomes too high.
15.
What does the term stratified charge mean?
The term stratified charge refers to a combustion process in which the air/fuel mixture in the combustion
chamber is intentionally stratified or separated into distinct layers. This is typically achieved by injecting
fuel directly into the combustion chamber in a precise pattern or by using specially designed intake and
exhaust systems to promote air flow. The goal of a stratified charge is to create a more efficient
combustion process by ensuring that the fuel is concentrated in the right place at the right time, which can
help to reduce emissions and improve fuel economy.
16.
What is meant by “Octane Rating”?
Octane rating is a measure of a fuel's ability to resist "knocking" or detonation during combustion. It is a numerical rating system that represents the percentage of iso-octane in a mixture of iso-octane and n-heptane, which has the same anti-knock properties as the fuel being tested. The higher the octane rating, the more resistant the fuel is to knocking, and the higher the compression ratio that can be used in an engine without causing premature ignition.
17.
Name the four (4) typical Fuel Injection systems?
1
Throttle Body Injection (TBI)
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
2
Multiport Fuel Injection(MPFI)
3
Multiport Fuel Injection (MPFI)
4
Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI)
18.
Explain the major differences between throttle body injectors and port fuel injectors?
Throttle body injectors (TBI) and port fuel injectors (PFI) are two types of fuel injection systems used in
internal combustion engines. The major differences between them are:
Placement of the injectors: Throttle body injectors are mounted in the throttle body unit, which is located at
the entrance of the intake manifold. Port fuel injectors, on the other hand, are placed in the intake manifold,
near each cylinder's intake port.
Fuel delivery: TBI injects fuel into the throttle body unit, where it mixes with incoming air before being
delivered to the cylinders. PFI, on the other hand, delivers fuel directly to each cylinder's intake port.
Precision: PFI injectors are more precise in delivering fuel to each cylinder, allowing for better fuel
economy and emissions control. TBI injectors, due to their placement in the throttle body unit, can cause
uneven fuel distribution among the cylinders.
19.
Explain the basic operation of a CMFI system?
CMFI stands for Central Multiport Fuel Injection system. In this system, fuel is injected into the intake
manifold through a central injector that supplies fuel to all the cylinders. The fuel pressure regulator
maintains a constant fuel pressure, and a manifold absolute pressure sensor (MAP) measures the intake
manifold pressure. The engine control module (ECM) receives input from various sensors, such as the MAP
sensor, coolant temperature sensor, and throttle position sensor, to determine the fuel and timing
requirements of the engine.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
20.
In a GDI system (gasoline direct injection) the injector sprays fuel into the ______.
A.
Intake manifold (plenum).
B.
Intake runner in manifold.
C.
Intake port in cylinder head.
D.
Cylinders (combustion chamber).
21.
Where in the fuel system is a fuel filter usually found?
A fuel filter is usually located between the fuel tank and the fuel injectors, either inline or inside the fuel
tank itsel
22.
What is the purpose of the fuel filter?
The purpose of the fuel filter is to remove impurities and contaminants from the fuel before it reaches the
fuel injectors or carburetor. This helps to prevent damage to the fuel system and engine components, and
ensures that the fuel mixture is clean and consistent for proper combustion.
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
23.
The arrow printed on a fuel filter must face in what direction?
The arrow on a fuel filter indicates the direction of fuel flow, so it must face toward the engine or in the
direction of fuel flow.
24.
Explain what a fuel pump does?
A fuel pump is an essential component of the fuel system, responsible for supplying fuel from the fuel tank
to the engine. It creates the pressure needed to force fuel through the fuel lines, filter and injectors or
carburetor, where it is mixed with air and burned to produce power. In most modern vehicles, the fuel pump
is an electric pump that is located inside or outside of the fuel tank. When the key is turned on, the fuel
pump starts running and continues to run as long as the engine is running, providing a steady flow of fuel
to the engine.
25.
Where can fuel pump be located in a vehicle?
Fuel pumps can be located in different places in a vehicle depending on the design and type of the vehicle.
In older vehicles with carburettors, the fuel pump is usually located on the engine block and is driven by a
camshaft. In newer vehicles with EFI systems, the fuel pump can be located inside the fuel tank, which is
the most common location. Some vehicles may have the fuel pump mounted outside the tank, on the frame
rail or under the car. Additionally, some high-performance or racing vehicles may have multiple fuel pumps
for increased fuel flow.
26.
What are “High Pressure” fuel pumps?
High-pressure fuel pumps are fuel pumps that deliver fuel to the fuel injectors at high pressures, typically
above 1,000 psi (pounds per square inch), in order to create a fine spray pattern for more efficient
combustion in modern gasoline direct injection (GDI) systems. They are often driven by a camshaft, a lobe
on the camshaft, or a separate high-pressure pump drive on the engine. These pumps can be either
mechanical or electric, and are designed to deliver the required fuel volume and pressure to meet the
engine's demands.
27.
High pressure fuel pumps on GDI systems can operate at what pressures?
High pressure fuel pumps on GDI (gasoline direct injection) systems can operate at pressures up to 200 bar
(2,900 psi).
28.
What are two (2) type of fuel pumps used with engine management vehicles?
1
mechanical fuel pumps
2
electric fuel pumps
29.
Why are some fuel pumps located inside the fuel tank?
Some fuel pumps are located inside the fuel tank because it helps to keep the fuel pump submerged in fuel,
which helps to keep it cool during operation. This is especially important with high-pressure fuel pumps,
which can generate a lot of heat. Additionally, locating the fuel pump inside the fuel tank helps to dampen
the noise that is generated by the fuel pump during operation. Finally, having the fuel pump inside the fuel
tank allows for a simpler and more compact fuel system design.
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
30.
What is the purpose of the pressure regulator in a fuel system?
The purpose of the pressure regulator in a fuel system is to maintain a constant fuel pressure to the fuel
injectors, regardless of changes in fuel demand or engine speed. It controls the pressure in the fuel system
by regulating the amount of fuel that is returned to the fuel tank versus the amount that is sent to the fuel
injectors. This helps ensure that the injectors receive the correct amount of fuel under all operating
conditions, which is critical for proper engine performance and emissions control.
31.
On return less fuel systems, where is the pressure regulator located?
On return less fuel systems, the pressure regulator is often integrated into the fuel pump module or
mounted on the fuel rail.
32.
What are fuel injectors?
Fuel injectors are components in the fuel system of an engine that deliver fuel to the engine's combustion
chamber in a precise and controlled manner. They are electronically controlled valves that receive signals
from the engine control module (ECM) and open and close to spray fuel into the intake manifold or directly
into the combustion chamber, depending on the type of fuel injection system. The amount of fuel delivered
by each injector is based on signals from various sensors in the engine, including the throttle position
sensor, oxygen sensor, and mass airflow sensor, among others.
33.
Name the eight [8] parts of a fuel injector below.
1
Filter
2
Electrical Connection
3
Spring
4
Solenoid coil
5
Solenoid Housing
6
Pintle Valve
7
Pintle Cap
8
Fuel Outlet Hole
34.
How is the fuel injector operated?
The fuel injector is operated electronically by the engine control module (ECM) or the fuel injection control
module (FICM) in response to signals received from various engine sensors. The injector is activated to
open a valve which allows pressurized fuel to be sprayed in a fine mist into the intake manifold or directly
into the combustion chamber depending on the type of fuel injection system. The duration of fuel injection
is precisely controlled by the ECM or FICM to ensure the correct air/fuel ratio is maintained for efficient
combustion.
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Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
35.
The injector pulse width is ______.
A.
The size of the injector nozzle.
B.
The amount of time the injector opens and sprays fuel.
C.
The voltage applied to the injector solenoid coil.
D.
The distance between the injector tip and the centre of the intake port.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
36.
The throttle body of a port fuel injected engine may include any of the following components EXCEPT:
A.
Idle air control motor.
B.
Single or double bores with throttle plates.
C.
Throttle position sensor.
D.
Oxygen sensor.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
37.
Fuel injectors may be controlled ______.
A.
In pairs or groups.
B.
All at once.
C.
Sequentially.
D.
All answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
38.
An O-ring at the base of a fuel injector ______.
A.
Seals the injector to its mounting position.
B.
Provides thermal insulation to prevent the formation of vapour bubbles.
C.
Dampens potentially damaging vibrations.
D.
All answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
39.
Fuel injectors are ______.
A.
Top fuel-feeding devices.
B.
Bottom fuel-feeding devices.
C.
Both “top fuel-feeding devices” and “bottom fuel-feeding devices”.
D.
Neither “top fuel-feeding devices” nor “bottom fuel-feeding devices”.
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40.
Identify seven (7) advantages of gasoline direct injection (GDI) systems.
1
Improved fuel efficiency: GDI engines have been shown to improve fuel efficiency by up to 20%
compared to conventional fuel injection systems. 2
Increased power: GDI systems allow for higher compression ratios and more efficient
combustion, resulting in more power and torque.
3
Reduced emissions: GDI engines produce fewer emissions than conventional fuel injection
systems, especially in cold-start conditions.
4
Better throttle response: GDI systems deliver fuel more quickly and precisely, resulting in
improved throttle response and acceleration.
5
Lower carbon build-up: GDI systems spray fuel directly into the combustion chamber, reducing
carbon build-up on engine components and extending the life of the engine.
6
Reduced engine knock: GDI engines have a higher octane rating, reducing engine knock and
improving performance.
7
Flexibility: GDI systems are flexible in terms of fuel delivery, allowing for the use of different fuel
types such as ethanol or methanol, and enabling the use of alternative fuels in the future.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
41.
In a GDI [gasoline direct injection] system, the tip of the injector is located ______.
A.
Inside the combustion chamber.
B.
On the throttle body.
C.
In the intake port.
D.
In the intake manifold plenum.
42.
Explain what the throttle position (TP) sensor does?
The throttle position (TP) sensor, also known as the throttle position sensor (TPS), is a sensor that
measures the position of the throttle in an engine's fuel system. It is typically located on the throttle body
and works by sending a voltage signal to the engine control module (ECM) or powertrain control module
(PCM) to indicate the position of the throttle.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
43.
A throttle position sensor has ______.
A.
A 5-volt reference input terminal.
B.
A 0- to-5-volt signal output terminal.
C.
A ground terminal.
D.
All answers are correct.
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44.
Describe the purpose of an ECT signal on an EFI system.
The ECT (Engine Coolant Temperature) sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the engine coolant. Its
signal is used by the engine control module (ECM) to adjust the fuel injection and ignition timing. At
startup, the ECM uses the ECT signal to determine the engine's initial fuel and timing settings. As the
engine warms up, the ECT signal helps the ECM to adjust the fuel injection and ignition timing to optimize
engine performance and reduce emissions. If the ECT signal is lost or out of range, the ECM will typically
use a default value to maintain engine operation.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
45.
The engine coolant temperature sensor helps to control all the following EXCEPT:
A.
Fuel pressure.
B.
Open loop/closed loop operation.
C.
EGR opening.
D.
Ignition timing.
46.
What is an oxygen sensor?
An oxygen sensor, also known as an O2 sensor, is a device that measures the amount of oxygen in the
exhaust gases of an engine. The sensor is located in the exhaust system and sends a signal to the engine
control module (ECM) or powertrain control module (PCM) to help determine the correct air/fuel ratio for
optimal combustion efficiency. The oxygen sensor is a critical component of a vehicle's emissions control
system and helps reduce harmful pollutants released into the environment.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
47.
When the system is running rich, the oxygen content in the exhaust is ______.
A.
High.
B.
Low.
C.
Both A and B.
D.
Neither A nor B.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
48.
A conventional oxygen sensor needs to be heated to ________ degrees Celsius before it can produce a
usable signal.
A.
260 (500F).
B.
400 (750F).
C.
540 (1000).
D.
650 (1200).
49.
Identify the purpose and two (2) designs of mass airflow sensors.
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The purpose of a mass airflow sensor (MAF) is to measure the amount of air entering the engine so that the
engine control module (ECM) can determine the appropriate fuel injector pulse width and ignition timing for
optimal performance and emissions.
The two designs of mass airflow sensors are:
Hot-wire MAF sensor: This design uses a heated wire to measure the amount of airflow entering the engine.
As the air flows over the wire, it cools it down, and the ECM measures the amount of electrical current
required to keep the wire at a constant temperature. The more air flowing over the wire, the more electrical
current required to maintain the temperature, and the ECM calculates the airflow based on the current
needed to maintain the temperature.
Vane-type MAF sensor: This design uses a vane mounted in the intake air stream to measure the amount of
airflow. The vane is connected to a potentiometer that varies its electrical resistance based on the position
of the vane. The ECM measures the resistance and calculates the airflow based on the vane position.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
50.
Which of the following is NOT a type of mass airflow sensor?
A.
Karmen-Vortex.
B.
Vane type.
C.
Hot wire.
D.
Hall effect.
51.
Explain what a MAP sensor does?
A MAP (Manifold Absolute Pressure) sensor is an engine management sensor that measures the pressure
of the air inside the intake manifold. The sensor provides the ECU (Engine Control Unit) with important
information about the engine's load and operating conditions, which can be used to calculate the
appropriate air/fuel mixture for optimal performance and emissions control. The MAP sensor works by measuring the difference between the atmospheric pressure and the pressure
inside the intake manifold. As the engine's load changes, the manifold pressure also changes, and this
information is used by the ECU to adjust the fuel injection and ignition timing for optimal performance
In addition to measuring manifold pressure, some MAP sensors also incorporate a barometric pressure
sensor, which provides the ECU with information about changes in atmospheric pressure that can affect
engine performance at different altitudes.
52.
What does the intake air temperature (IAT) sensor measure?
The intake air temperature (IAT) sensor measures the temperature of the incoming air that enters the
engine. The sensor is usually located in the intake manifold or air intake duct and provides the Engine
Control Module (ECM) with information about the temperature of the incoming air. This information is used
by the ECM to calculate the correct fuel delivery and ignition timing for optimal engine performance and
efficiency.
53.
What is the function of the crankshaft position sensor [CKP]?
The crankshaft position sensor [CKP] measures the position and rotational speed of the crankshaft and
sends this information to the engine control module [ECM]. The ECM uses this information to determine the
ignition timing, fuel injection timing, and other important engine functions. The CKP sensor is a critical
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component in ensuring the proper operation of the engine.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
54.
Which sensor synchronises the firing of the injectors and determines when piston number one (1) is on the
compression stroke?
A.
CKP [crankshaft position sensor].
B.
CMP [camshaft position sensor].
C.
TPS [throttle position sensor].
D.
VSS [vehicle speed sensor].
55.
What does the camshaft position (CMP) sensor monitor, and why?
The camshaft position (CMP) sensor monitors the position and speed of the camshaft in relation to the
crankshaft. It is important for engine control as it helps the electronic control module (ECM) to accurately
determine the precise timing of the engine's valve events. The ECM uses the information from the CMP
sensor to control fuel injection, ignition timing, and other engine functions. The sensor can be located in
various positions depending on the engine design, and may use a variety of sensing technologies such as
magnetic, optical or hall effect sensors.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
56.
Low battery voltage might result in?
A.
Cylinder head temperature increase.
B.
Faulty sensor reading.
C.
Half of the cylinders continue to fire as normally.
D.
All answers are correct.
57.
Can the PCM operate without good voltage supply and good ground connection?
No, the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) cannot operate without a good voltage supply and a good ground
connection. The PCM relies on a steady voltage supply and a good ground connection to function properly,
and any issues with these connections can cause various electrical problems, including incorrect sensor
readings, misfires, and even complete engine failure.
58.
What purpose of the power steering pressure switch do in regard to engine management?
The power steering pressure switch is used in some engine management systems to increase the idle
speed when the power steering system is under load. When the power steering system is under load, such
as when the wheels are turned at low speeds, the pressure in the system increases. The power steering
pressure switch detects this increase in pressure and sends a signal to the engine control module (ECM),
which in turn increases the idle speed to compensate for the added load on the engine. This prevents the
engine from stalling or running roughly when the power steering system is under load.
59.
Why does the engine use a knock sensor (KS)?
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The engine uses a knock sensor (KS) to detect the occurrence of engine knock or detonation. Engine
knock or detonation is an uncontrolled explosion of the air/fuel mixture in the combustion chamber that
can cause engine damage. The KS detects these abnormal combustion events and sends a signal to the
engine control module (ECM) to adjust the ignition timing and prevent further detonation. This helps to
protect the engine from damage and ensure optimal performance.
60.
What type of sensor is the knock sensor (KS)?
The knock sensor (KS) is a type of piezoelectric sensor that detects engine knock or detonation by
converting mechanical vibration caused by the knock into an electrical signal that the engine control
module (ECM) can interpret.
61.
A vehicles computer’s memory holds the programs and other data, such as vehicle calibrations, which the
CPU refers to while making calculations.
What are four (4) types of memory in a computer?
How does each memory operate?
In a computer, there are several types of memory with different functions. These include:
Random Access Memory (RAM): This is the primary memory used by the CPU to store and retrieve data
quickly. It is volatile, meaning that it loses its data when the computer is turned off.
Read-Only Memory (ROM): This type of memory is non-volatile, which means that it retains its data even
when the computer is turned off. ROM is used to store firmware, including the BIOS that controls the
computer's basic functions.
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM): This is a type of non-volatile memory
that can be reprogrammed. It is used to store system configuration data and calibration tables.
Hard Disk Drive (HDD): This is a type of non-volatile memory that stores data magnetically on a spinning
disk. It is used to store the operating system, programs, and user data.
Each type of memory operates differently. RAM is the fastest memory and is used to temporarily store data
that the CPU needs to access quickly. ROM is used to store firmware that the CPU needs to access during
the boot process. EEPROM is used to store system configuration data that needs to be retained even when
the power is turned off. The hard disk drive is used for long-term storage of data and programs, and its
speed is much slower than that of RAM.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
62.
Which of the answers below allows control modules to share sensor output status information without the
need for additional sensors or wiring?
A.
Multiplexing.
B.
Transcription.
C.
Reprogramming.
D.
Pulse width modulation.
63.
A system’s adaptive strategy is based on a plan for the timing and control of computer-controlled systems
during different operating conditions. What does this mean?
A system's adaptive strategy refers to its ability to adjust the timing and control of computer-controlled
systems based on various operating conditions. These conditions include factors such as engine
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temperature, driving conditions, and fuel quality. The strategy is designed to optimize performance and
efficiency, and it involves adjusting fuel and air delivery, ignition timing, and other parameters to achieve
the desired result. The adaptive strategy allows the engine management system to adapt to changes in the
operating environment, ensuring that the engine runs smoothly and efficiently at all times.
64.
Describe what ‘Short-term fuel trim’ (STFT) and ‘Long-term fuel trim’ (LTFT) is?
Short-term fuel trim (STFT) and long-term fuel trim (LTFT) are parameters used by the engine control
module (ECM) to adjust the air/fuel mixture and optimize engine performance.
STFT refers to the immediate adjustments made by the ECM to the fuel delivery system based on real-time
sensor readings. This allows the ECM to adjust the air/fuel ratio to account for changes in engine load,
temperature, and other variables that can affect combustion efficiency. STFT values are typically measured
in percentage points, with a positive value indicating that the ECM is adding fuel and a negative value
indicating that it is reducing fuel.
LTFT, on the other hand, is a longer-term adjustment to the air/fuel mixture. This parameter is used to
compensate for changes in the engine over time, such as wear and tear or changes in fuel quality. LTFT
values are typically measured as a percentage of the base fuel trim value, and can be adjusted by the ECM
over time as needed to maintain optimal engine performance.
Together, STFT and LTFT allow the ECM to continuously adjust the air/fuel mixture to ensure that the
engine is running as efficiently and cleanly as possible.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
65.
The computer sends a constant, predetermined voltage signal to a sensor. The sensor reacts to operating
conditions and sends a voltage signal back to the computer. What is this voltage called?
A.
Reference voltage.
B.
Battery voltage.
C.
Alternating voltage.
D.
All answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
66.
Fuel injectors may be controlled.
A.
In pairs or groups.
B.
All at once.
C.
Sequentially.
D.
All answers are correct.
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67.
What is meant by sequential firing of the fuel injectors?
Sequential firing of the fuel injectors means that each injector is fired in a specific order, corresponding to
the engine's firing order. This allows for precise fuel delivery to each cylinder at the appropriate time,
resulting in improved fuel efficiency and engine performance. In contrast, non-sequential firing injectors
spray fuel simultaneously, which can lead to uneven fuel distribution and poor engine performance.
68.
The PCM has control over the engine’s idle speed. How does it accomplish this?
The PCM (Powertrain Control Module) uses inputs from various sensors to determine the engine's idle
speed and adjust it as needed. The PCM controls the idle speed by adjusting the amount of air entering the
engine through the throttle body. It does this by opening and closing the idle air control (IAC) valve to
regulate the airflow. The IAC valve is a solenoid that is controlled by the PCM, and it is typically located on
the throttle body. The PCM uses information from the engine coolant temperature sensor, the throttle
position sensor, and the oxygen sensors to determine the correct idle speed. If the idle speed is too low or
too high, the PCM will adjust the IAC valve to bring it back to the desired level.
69.
How is the fuel pump relay powered up on an EFI vehicle?
The fuel pump relay on an EFI (Electronic Fuel Injection) vehicle is typically powered up through the PCM
(Powertrain Control Module). When the key is turned to the "ON" position, the PCM energizes the fuel pump
relay for a few seconds to prime the fuel system. Once the engine is started and the PCM receives input
from various sensors, it determines the appropriate fuel pressure required and sends a signal to the fuel
pump relay to turn on the fuel pump and maintain the required fuel pressure. The PCM constantly monitors
the fuel pressure and adjusts the fuel pump's operation as necessary
70.
Explain how the PCM controls the engine cooling fans?
The PCM (Powertrain Control Module) controls the engine cooling fans by monitoring inputs from various
sensors such as the engine coolant temperature sensor, A/C refrigerant pressure sensor, and vehicle
speed sensor. When the coolant temperature rises above a predetermined level or when the A/C
compressor is turned on, the PCM sends a signal to the cooling fan relay to turn on the fans. The PCM can
also vary the speed of the fans by sending different signals to the relay. The PCM may also turn on the fans
after the engine is turned off to prevent heat soak and to cool the engine compartment.
71.
What process does the vehicle HVAC system go through to asking the PCM to turn the air conditioning
compressor on?
The vehicle HVAC system sends a request to the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) to turn the air
conditioning (A/C) compressor on. The PCM will only activate the compressor if certain conditions are met,
such as the engine being at operating temperature and the A/C button being pressed. Once the PCM
receives the request and confirms that the conditions are met, it will signal the A/C compressor relay to
activate the compressor. This allows the A/C system to function and provide cool air to the vehicle's cabin.
72.
Variable intake manifolds have a motor connected to a butterfly valve in the centre of the manifold. The valve
is closed during low speeds, keeping the two plenum areas separated. How does the valve open to allow the
plenums to become one?
The motor connected to the butterfly valve in the centre of the manifold is controlled by the Powertrain
Control Module (PCM) based on the operating conditions of the engine. The PCM uses various sensors to
determine the engine load and speed and decides when to open or close the valve. When the engine is
operating at low speeds, the valve remains closed, keeping the two plenum areas separated. As the engine
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speed increases, the PCM opens the valve, allowing the two plenums to become one, creating a larger
volume of air and improving engine performance. The PCM controls the valve's opening angle based on the
input from various sensors to ensure optimal engine performance.
73.
Describe the operation of a digital EGR valve?
A digital EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) valve is an electronically controlled valve that regulates the flow
of exhaust gas into the intake manifold. It works by opening or closing a small passage between the
exhaust manifold and the intake manifold to regulate the amount of exhaust gas that enters the engine.
The operation of a digital EGR valve is controlled by the PCM (Powertrain Control Module). The PCM uses
inputs from various sensors to determine the engine load, temperature, and speed, and then calculates the
appropriate amount of exhaust gas to recirculate into the engine.
The digital EGR valve operates in a binary fashion, which means that it is either fully open or fully closed. It
uses a small DC motor to actuate the valve, which is controlled by a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal
from the PCM. The PWM signal varies the duty cycle of the voltage supplied to the motor, which in turn
controls the position of the valve.
The digital EGR valve is more precise and responsive than traditional EGR valves, which use a vacuum-
controlled diaphragm to open or close the valve. The digital EGR valve can be adjusted in real-time to
provide the exact amount of EGR needed for a given operating condition, resulting in better engine
performance and lower emissions.
74.
To gain more control of canister purging, the EVAP operation is controlled by the PCM. How?
The EVAP (evaporative emission control system) is designed to capture and store fuel vapors from the fuel
tank and prevent them from escaping into the atmosphere. The canister purge valve is responsible for
allowing the stored fuel vapors to be drawn into the engine and burned.
The PCM monitors the fuel tank pressure sensor to determine the pressure in the fuel tank. It also monitors
the purge flow sensor to determine the flow of fuel vapors through the canister purge valve. Based on this
information, the PCM can control the canister purge valve to regulate the flow of fuel vapors into the
engine.
The PCM uses a solenoid to control the canister purge valve. When the solenoid is energized, it allows
vacuum to be applied to the valve, which opens and allows the fuel vapors to flow into the engine. The PCM
can adjust the duration and frequency of the solenoid's operation to regulate the amount of fuel vapors that
are purged from the canister. This helps to ensure that the engine is running efficiently and that emissions
are minimized.
75.
How does the PCM control the accelerator on an electronic throttle control system? On an electronic throttle control system, the PCM controls the accelerator by receiving input from the
accelerator pedal position (APP) sensor. The APP sensor measures the position and movement of the
accelerator pedal, and sends a signal to the PCM. Based on this signal and other inputs, such as engine
speed and load, the PCM calculates the appropriate throttle position and sends a signal to the throttle
actuator motor to adjust the throttle blade opening accordingly. This allows the PCM to control the engine
speed and torque output, providing precise and smooth acceleration.
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76.
The PCM can adjust the variable valve timing on an engine. Explain how this is done?
Variable valve timing (VVT) is a system that allows the engine to adjust the timing of the opening and
closing of the intake and exhaust valves. The PCM controls VVT by using solenoids to adjust oil flow to the
camshaft phases, which change the camshaft timing.
The camshaft phase is mounted on the end of the camshaft and contains a rotor and stator. When oil
pressure is applied to the phase, it rotates the rotor, which changes the position of the camshaft relative to
the crankshaft. This changes the timing of the valve opening and closing, which can improve engine
performance, reduce emissions, and increase fuel efficiency.
The PCM uses input from various sensors, such as the camshaft position sensor and the crankshaft
position sensor, to determine the optimal timing for the engine. It then sends signals to the camshaft
phases to adjust the timing as needed. The PCM continuously monitors engine operating conditions and
makes adjustments to the VVT system as necessary to optimize engine performance.
77.
What is the DLC and where is it found in modern vehicles?
DLC stands for Data Link Connector, which is a standardized 16-pin diagnostic connector used in modern
vehicles. The DLC is typically located under the dashboard on the driver's side of the vehicle and provides
access to the vehicle's computer systems for diagnostic and testing purposes. It allows a technician to
connect a scan tool or diagnostic equipment to the vehicle's computer to retrieve diagnostic trouble codes
(DTCs) and other information related to the vehicle's operation.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
78.
Reach, heat range and air gap are all characteristics that affect the performance of which ignition system
component?
A.
Ignition coils.
B.
Ignition switch.
C.
Spark plugs.
D.
Breaker points.
79.
Why is the correct spark plug heat range important?
The correct spark plug heat range is important because if the heat range is too high, it may cause pre-
ignition or detonation, leading to engine damage. On the other hand, if the heat range is too low, the spark
plug may foul and become coated in carbon and oil deposits, which can cause misfires, reduced power,
and poor fuel economy. The heat range of the spark plug determines how quickly it can transfer heat from
the combustion chamber to the engine's cooling system. The heat range is influenced by factors such as
the material composition of the electrode, the length of the insulator tip, and the size and shape of the
ground electrode.
80.
What is spark plug reach?
Spark plug reach is the length of the threaded portion of the spark plug that extends into the combustion
chamber of the engine. It is important to select the correct spark plug reach to ensure proper fitment and
sealing in the cylinder head. Using a spark plug with the incorrect reach can cause poor performance,
engine damage, and potentially dangerous conditions such as engine misfire, detonation, or pre-ignition.
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
81.
By what factor is the heat range of a spark plug determined?
The heat range of a spark plug is determined by the length of the insulator nose and the ability of the spark
plug to transfer heat from the combustion chamber to the engine's cooling system.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
82.
The heat rang of a spark plug is indicated by.
A.
The colour of the insulator ribs.
B.
The number of the insulator ribs.
C.
A code within the plug number imprinted on the side of the sparkplug.
D.
All answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
83.
Modern ignition cables contain carbon fibre cores that act as a ________ in the secondary circuit to cut down
on radio and television interference and reduce spark plug wear.
A.
Insulator.
B.
Resistor.
C.
Semiconductor.
D.
Heat shield.
84.
Explain briefly how an ignition coil operates?
An ignition coil is an electrical component that transforms the low-voltage power supply of a vehicle into
the high-voltage current required to create sparks in the spark plugs. It is composed of two windings, a
primary and a secondary, that are wrapped around a laminated iron core. When the ignition switch is turned
on, the PCM sends a signal to the ignition coil, which then charges the primary winding with electrical
energy. When the signal is cut off, the magnetic field collapses and a high voltage spark is created in the
secondary winding, which is then transmitted to the spark plugs through the distributor or ignition wires.
85.
Name the different types of ignition coils below.
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Conventional ignition coil
Coil-on-plug ignition coil
Distributor less ignition coil
Waste spark ignition coil
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
86.
What happens when the low-voltage current flow in the coil primary windings is interrupted by the switching
device?
A.
The magnetic field around the primary windings collapses.
B.
The movement of the magnetic field across the windings induces a high voltage in the secondary
windings.
C.
Both “The magnetic field around the primary windings collapses” and “The movement of the magnetic field
across the windings induces a high voltage in the secondary windings”.
D.
Neither “The magnetic field around the primary windings collapses” and “The movement of the magnetic
field across the windings induces a high voltage in the secondary windings”.
Fill in the gaps
87.
Complete the following statement about advance mechanisms system using the following words.
Words: PCM, ECM, Engine Mechanical, Vacuum, Precise, Ignition, Timing
After the manufacturers eliminated the ___ mechanical
_______ and ____ Vacuum
______ advance
mechanisms on their distributors, the ___ PCM
_______ or ___
ECM
_______ controlled ignition timing. This
allowed for more _____ precise
_____ control of _____ Ignition
_____ __ Timing
________ and
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
provided improved combustion. The PCM adjusted the ignition timing according to ___ engine
_______
speed, engine load, coolant temperature, throttle position, and intake manifold pressure. Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
88.
The period of time during which there is primary current flow through the ignition coil is called.
A.
Ignition.
B.
Dwell.
C.
Space.
D.
Minutes.
Fill in the gaps
89.
Complete the following statement about electronic control system using the following words.
Words: Crankshaft, Cylinders, Monitor, TDC, Missing, Reference, Camshaft, PCM, Thirty-five
The rotor for a __ crankshaft
________ position (CKP) sensor has several teeth (the number varies with
application) equally spaced around the outside of the rotor. One or more teeth are ____ missing
______ at
fixed locations. These missing teeth provide a ___ reference
_______ point for the ___ PCM
_______ to
determine crankshaft position. For example, the pulse wheel may have a total of ___
35
_______ teeth spaced
10 degrees apart and an empty space where the thirty-sixth tooth would have been. The thirty-five teeth are
used to ___ monitor
_______ crankshaft speed; the gap is used to identify which pair of cylinders is
approaching ____ TDC
______. The input from the ___ crankshaft
_______ position sensor signals is used
in order to determine which of these two ____ cylinders
______ is on its firing stroke and which is on the
exhaust stroke. Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer
90.
Which of the following is NOT a type of engine position sensor?
A.
Hall-effect.
B.
Magnetic pulse generator.
C.
Photoelectric (Optical).
D.
Piezoresistive.
Fill in the gaps
91.
Complete the following statement about inductive pickup ignition systems using the following words.
Words: Polarity, Rotates, Ignition, Signal, Trigger, Magnetic, Pickup, Induced, Conductor, Magnetic pulse,
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
The
induction coil
in inductive pickup ignition systems operates on the principles of
electromagnetism
. A voltage is induced
in a conductor when a magnetic field passes over the
conductor
or when the conductor moves over a magnetic
field. The magnetic field is provided by a
magnet in the ignition
unit, and the rotating trigger wheel provides the required movement through the
magnetic field to induce magnetic
pulses
.
As the trigger wheel rotates
past the pickup coil, a weak AC signal
is induced in the pickup coil. This
signal is sent to the ignition
module. In early ignition systems, the change in polarity
was used as a
signal to prepare the ignition coil for another spark plug firing.
Fill in the gaps
92.
Complete the following statement about Hall-effect ignition systems using the following words.
Words: Sensor, Output, Voltage, Reference, Hall-effect, PCM, Ground
A typical Hall-effect sensor has three wires connected to it. One wire is the power
supply voltage
wire. The PCM
supplies a reference voltage
of 5 to 12 volts, depending on the system. The
second wire delivers the output
signal from the Hall-effect
sensor
to the PCM, and the third wire
provides a ground
for the sensor.
Fill in the gaps
93.
Complete the following statement about light emitting diode ignition systems using the following words.
Words: LED, Phototransistor, Photoelectric, Generated, Module, Pulsating, Interrupter
Some early distributor ignition systems relied on photoelectric
sensors to monitor engine position.
They consisted of an LED
, a light-sensitive transistor
(photocell), and a slotted disc called an
interrupter
. As the interrupter rotated between the LED and the phototransistor, pulsating voltage
was generated
in the phototransistor
. This voltage was passed onto the ignition module
and
was used as the basis for all ignition timing.
94.
Describe a waste spark ignition system?
A waste spark ignition system is a type of ignition system used in many modern gasoline engines. In this
system, each cylinder has its own spark plug, but unlike in a traditional ignition system, each spark plug
fires twice per cycle - once during the compression stroke and once during the exhaust stroke. This is
achieved by having a single coil that produces high voltage energy to two spark plugs at the same time,
one for a compression stroke and one for an exhaust stroke.
The spark plug firing during the exhaust stroke is referred to as the "waste" spark, as it does not ignite any
fuel mixture but is simply used to discharge any residual electrical energy that remains in the ignition
system.
The waste spark ignition system is used because it is more efficient and cost-effective to produce a single
coil that can fire two spark plugs simultaneously rather than using two separate coils. Additionally, the
waste spark ignition system is more reliable and durable as compared to other types of ignition systems,
and it can operate well under a variety of driving conditions
.
Fill in the gaps
95.
Complete the following statement about coil-on-plug ignition using the following words.
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Words: Timing, PCM, Camshaft, Crankshaft, Capacitor, Coil-per-cylinder, Ignition, Programmed
In a typical Coil-per-cylinder ignition system, a crankshaft
position sensor provides a basic
timing signal. This signal is sent to the PCM
. The PCM is programmed
with the firing order for the
engine and determines which coil-per-cylinder
should be turned on or off. Some engines require
an additional camshaft
signal from the camshaft
position sensor. On some systems, there is also
a capacitor
for each bank of coils for radio noise suppression
Fill in the gaps
96.
Complete the following statement about integrated ignition systems using the following words.
Words: Spark, Igniter, ECU, Integrated, Engine, Timing, Sensors, Ignition, Voltage, Distributor, Windings
On integrated
ignition systems, the engine ECU
is programmed so that it provides optimum
ignition timing
under all operating conditions. It receives information from various sensors
that
monitor the engine
function, calculates the ignition
timing and sends a signal to the igniter in the
distributor
assembly.
The igniter
triggers ignition coil action so that high voltage
is produced by the secondary
windings
of the ignition coil, resulting in a spark
at the spark plug. The integrated
ignition
system eliminates the need for a distributor and simplifies the ignition system design, resulting in
improved reliability and performance.
True or False question
97.
Symptom-based diagnostic charts focus on a definition of the problem and offer a list of possible causes of the
problem.
☐
True
or
☐
False
98.
Looking at the diagnostic fault chart below, what are the possible causes for DTC P0122?
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Fill in the gaps
99.
Complete the following statement about low pressure fuel system testing using the following words.
Words: Faulty, Fuel, Gauge, Immediately, Leak, Observe, Pressure, Specifications, Testing, Visual
Prior to testing
the fuel pressure, a careful visual
inspection of the injectors, fuel rail, and fuel
lines and hoses is necessary. Any sign of a leak
should be noted and the cause corrected
immediately
. The supply line into the fuel rail is a likely point of leakage. Check the area around
the fitting to make sure no leaks have occurred.
To test fuel pressure
, connect the appropriate pressure gauge
to the fuel rail test fitting. Turn the
ignition switch to the run position and observe
the fuel pressure gauge. Compare the reading to
specifications
. A reading lower than normal indicates a faulty
fuel pump or fuel delivery system
.
Fill in the gaps
100.
Complete the following statement about high pressure fuel system testing using the following words.
Words: Sound, Check, Controlling, High, Scan, Pressure, Gauge, Fuel, Fluctuate, Electrical, Specified, Not
Because GDI operates under very ___ high
_______ pressures, a typical fuel volume check should ____
not
______ be done. However, the _____ quality
_____ of the fuel can be checked as well as the condition
of the high- pressure pump. Fuel pressure is best tested by ___ checking
_______ the activity of the pump
with a ____ scan
______ tool. With the scan tool and fuel pressure ____ gauge
______ connected, start
the engine. Select the mode on the tool that allows for control of the ____ fuel
______ pressure (this mode
will vary with the type of tool). Attempt to bring the fuel pressure up to the _____ specified
_____ pressure.
While changing the pressure, the reading should ___ fluctuate
_______. Also listen to the ____ sound
______ of the pump. It too should cycle. If any of these conditions do not exist, ____ check
______ the
pump, its ____ electrical
______ circuits, pressure sensor, and the PCM. Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
101.
A pressure __________ can be used to connect a DMM or Scope to the fuel system to measure fuel
pressure.
A.
Gauge.
B.
Transducer.
C.
Sensor.
D.
Regulator .
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
102.
Fuel pumps should be tested for __________ and __________.
A.
Pressure and Volume.
B.
Back pressure and flow return.
C.
Vacuum and Capacity.
D.
None of these answers .
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
103.
A high fuel pressure reading is typically caused by a faulty fuel.
A.
Pump.
B.
Pressure regulator.
C.
Filter.
D.
Tank.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
104.
A no start/no fuel pressure condition is being diagnosed. When a test light is connected to the pump positive
terminal, there is no voltage when the engine is cranked by the starter. What could cause this problem?
A.
Defective neutral safety switch.
B.
Bad fuel pump ground.
C.
Defective fuel pressure regulator.
D.
Defective fuel pump relay.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
105.
Which of the following problems could NOT cause the fuel pressure to drop off quickly after the engine and
ignition are turned off?
A.
Leaking injector.
B.
Internally leaking fuel pump check valve.
C.
Internally leaking fuel pressure regulator.
D.
Restricted fuel filter.
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Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
106.
Before conducting any tests on the injection and engine control systems, be certain of the following?
A.
The battery is fully charged, with clean terminals and connections. B.
All fuses and fusible links are intact. C.
All electrical harnesses are routed properly and their connectors and terminals are free of corrosion and
tight.
D.
All answers are correct.
Fill in the gaps
107.
Complete the following statement about fuel injector testing using the following words.
Words: Cycling, Electrical, Engine, Flashes, Impedance, Injector, Noid, Not, Receiving, Step, Voltage
When an ____ injector
______ is suspected as the cause of a lean problem, the first ____ step
______ is
to determine if the injector is ____ receiving
______ a signal (from the PCM) to fire. Once the injector’s
_____ electrical
_____ connector has been removed, check for ____ voltage
______ at the injector
using a high ____ impedance ______ test light or a convenient ____ noid
______ light that plugs into the
connector. After making the test connections, crank the ____ engine
______. The noid light _____ flashes
_____ if the computer is ____ cycling
______ the injector on and off. If the light is _____
not
_____
flashing, the computer or connecting wires are defective. Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
108.
Which of the following components can cause excessively high pressure in a returnless fuel delivery system?
A.
Faulty fuel pressure regulator.
B.
Faulty fuel pressure sensor.
C.
Faulty PCM.
D.
All answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
109.
When viewing injector pattern on a lab scope, the injector pulse end with a?
A.
Downward right angle.
B.
First upward spike.
C.
Highest upward spike.
D.
Last upward spike.
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Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
110.
If the injectors and their electrical harness are visible but cannot be accessed without removing the upper
intake manifold, injector operation can be checked by using?
A.
Test light.
B.
Technicians/Mechanics stethoscope.
C.
Digital multimeter.
D.
Probe.
True or False question
111.
On some vehicles, actuators can be tested with a scan tool by accessing output state control or output test
mode. In the mode, the actuator enabled or disabled, or the duty cycle increased or decreased.
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
112.
Which of the following tools is NOT used in testing engine sensors?
A.
DMM.
B.
Test light.
C.
Scan tool.
D.
Lab scope.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
113.
A vehicle towed into the workshop with a ‘cranks but doesn’t start’ problem. A quick check under the bonnet
reveals that the spark plugs are not firing and the injectors are not receiving a pulse from the PCM. The
technician notices that the MIL light does not come on when the key is turned to the run position. What would
you do next?
A.
Check the PCM’s fuses, power wires, and ground wires.
B.
Replace the PCM.
C.
Check the main power relay in the power distribution centre.
D.
Check for codes with a scan tool.
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Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
114.
A MAP sensor with a varying frequency output can be tested with a?
A.
Voltmeter.
B.
Ohmmeter.
C.
DMM with a duty cycle function.
D.
DMM with a frequency function.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
115.
Which of the following tools should not be used to test an actuator unless the technician is directed to do so by
the manufacturer’s service procedure?
A.
Scan tool.
B.
DMM.
C.
Jumper wires.
D.
Lab scope.
Fill in the gaps
116.
Complete the following statement about electrical terminal testing using the following words.
Words: Backprobe, Fuel, Injector, Ohmmeter, Pressure, Replace, Signal, Specifications, Voltage, Voltmeter
The fuel
injector
and pump control can be checked with an ohmmeter
. Connect the meter
across the injector
at the connector. Compare your readings to specifications
. If the reading
does not match specs, replace
the injector or pump. The fuel pressure
sensor can also be
checked with a voltmeter
. With the engine running and a fuel pressure gauge connected, back
probe
the sensor’s output signal
and compare the pressure gauge reading and voltage
to
specifications.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
117.
A vehicle with a DTC for an engine coolant temperature out of range code is being tested. The serial data
stream shows the coolant temperature to be 92°C (198°F). When the technician tests the resistance between
the ETC terminals, they find infinite resistance. The specifications call for 20 to 40 ohms at 93°C (200°F). After
the ECT is replaced and the code is eased, the system runs normally and the code and MIL illumination do not
reoccur. How is this possible?
A.
There was excessive air in the cooling system; when the ECT sensor was removed, the tapped air bled
out.
B.
The ETC code was set by a loose connection where the harness meets the ETC terminals; disconnecting
and reconnecting the plug essentially fixed the problem.
C.
The problem is an intermittent electrical fault; it will eventually reoccur.
D.
When the ETC failed, the PCM substituted a nominal ECT value that allowed the engine to run in limp
home mode; the substituted value was displayed by the scan tool.
Fill in the gaps
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
118.
Complete the following statement about testing sensors and actuator using the following words.
Words: Actuator, Compression, Computer, Diagnosing, Faulty, Ignition, Input, Intake, Normal, Scan, Scanner,
Specifications, Testing
Most systems allow for testing
of the actuator
through a scan
tool. Actuators that are duty cycled
by the computer
are more accurately diagnosed
through this method. Prior to diagnosing an
actuator, make sure the engine’s compression
, ignition
system, and intake
system are in good
condition. Serial data can be used to diagnose outputs using a scanner
. The displayed data should
be compared against specifications
to determine the condition of any actuator. Also, when an
actuator is suspected to be faulty
, make sure the inputs related to the control of that actuator are
within normal
range. Faulty input
will cause an actuator to appear faulty.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
119.
The sensor and output status data stored when a DTC is set is called?
A.
Snapshot data.
B.
Freeze frame data.
C.
Mode 6 data.
D.
Failure record.
120.
Explain the different between the two (2) traces below?
A straight line trace is a consistent and predictable path, where each point is equidistant to the preceding and following
points. In contrast, a random line trace is an irregular path that may have abrupt changes in direction and distance
between points. A straight line trace is often used in precision measurements or when a smooth and uniform motion is
desired, while a random line trace may represent a more organic or natural movement. Random line traces may also be
used in fields such as art or design to create unique and varied patterns.
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
121.
In the scan tool live data below, answer the following.
Engine RPM:
2260RPM
Coolant Temp:
190F
IGN Advance:
60MPH
MAF:
1.21b/min
Throttle position:
10.1%
STFT #1:
0.0%
LTFT #1:
-1.5%
O2S B1 S1:
0.0%
O2S B1 S2:
0.120V
O2S B2 S1:
0.660V
MIL:
ON
122.
Describe the process for replacing the CKP sensor?
The process for replacing the crankshaft position (CKP) sensor can vary depending on the
specific make and model of the vehicle. However, the general process for replacing the CKP
sensor is as follows:
1.
Locate the CKP sensor: The CKP sensor is typically located on the engine block near the
crankshaft.
2.
Disconnect the battery: Disconnect the negative battery cable to prevent any electrical
hazards.
3.
Disconnect the sensor: Disconnect the electrical connector that connects the sensor to
the wiring harness.
4.
Remove the sensor: Remove the mounting bolts that secure the sensor to the engine
block. In some cases, a special tool may be required to remove the sensor.
5.
Clean the mounting surface: Clean the mounting surface of the engine block where the
sensor was mounted.
6.
Install the new sensor: Install the new CKP sensor by reversing the removal process,
ensuring that the sensor is properly positioned and tightened to the manufacturer's
specifications.
7.
Reconnect the battery: Reconnect the negative battery cable and test the vehicle to ensure
that the sensor is functioning properly.
Fill in the gaps
123.
Complete the following statement about replacing a fuel injector using the following words.
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
Words: Access, Bolts, Connector, Disassembly, Electrical, Fuel, Injectors, Leaks, Lines, Loosen, Opened,
Operation, O-rings, Pressure, Pulling, Quick-disconnect, Rail, Reassembling, Reconnect, Regulator, Relieved,
Removing, Replacing, Reverse, Vacuum
The procedure for removing
and replacing
the fuel rail, injectors
, and pressure regulator
varies depending on the vehicle. On some applications, certain components must be removed to
gain access
to these components. The system must be relieved
of any and all pressure
before
the fuel lines are opened
to remove any of the components. Loosen the fuel line clamps on the fuel
rail, if so equipped. If these lines have quick
-
disconnect
fittings, grasp the larger collar on the
connector
and twist in either direction while pulling on the line to remove the fuel
supply and
return
lines. Now, remove the vacuum
line from the pressure regulator and disconnect the
electrical
connectors from the injectors. The fuel rail
is now ready to be removed. On some
engines, the fuel rail is held in place by bolts
; they need to be removed before pulling
the fuel rail
free. When disassembling
the fuel rail with the injectors and pressure regulator, make sure all O-
rings
are replaced and lightly coated with engine oil. Assemble the fuel rail in the reverse
order as
that used for removing
. After the rail and injectors are in place and everything connected to them,
reconnect
the negative battery terminal. Then start the engine and check for fuel leaks
at the rail
and be sure the engine operation
is normal.
Fill in the gaps
124.
Complete the following statement about replacing a fuel pump using the following words.
Words: Bolts, Bend, Compare, Connections, Disconnect, Electrical, Installed, Labelled, Leaks, Negative,
Properly, Pump, Removing, Replace, Terminal
Before removing
the fuel pump, disconnect the negative
battery cable. Then disconnect the
electrical
connectors on the fuel pump. Now disconnect
the fuel lines at the pump. These lines
should also be labelled
so they are installed
correctly on the new pump. Loosen and remove the
bolts
holding the pump in place. Remove the pump
by pushing the pump up until the bottom is
clear of the bracket. Swing the pump out to the side and pull it down to free it from the rubber fuel
line coupler. Compare
the replacement pump with the old one. When inserting the new pump back
into its bracket, be careful not to bend
the bracket. If the fuel was removed from the tank, replace
it. Make sure all electrical connections
are reconnected and that all fuel lines and hoses are
properly
fastened and tightened. Then reconnect the negative terminal
at the battery. Start the
engine and check all connections for fuel leaks
.
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
True or False question
125.
Reflashing a PCM requires that the PCM be removed from the vehicle and sent back to the manufacturer for
reflashing?
☐
True
or
☐
False
126.
Under what circumstances should a PCM be reflashed?
There is a software update available from the manufacturer that addresses a specific issue or improves the
performance of the vehicle.
The vehicle is experiencing drivability problems that cannot be corrected by other means, such as
replacing faulty components.
The vehicle is being modified with aftermarket performance parts, and the PCM needs to be reprogrammed
to accommodate the changes.
The PCM has been replaced with a new or remanufactured unit, and it needs to be programmed with the
vehicle's specific VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) and other information to ensure proper operation.
Fill in the gaps
127.
Complete the following statement about post-repair testing using the following words.
Words: Aftermarket, Comprehensive, Connector, Data, Diagnostics, DTC, Erase, Exact, Freeze, Grounds,
Installing, Isolating, Monitor, OBD-II, Perform, Problem, Repairs, Resolved, Retained, Scan, Terminals, Test,
Testing, Tighten, Vehicle, Verify, After _____ isolating
_____ the source of the ____ problem
______, the ___ testing
_______ should be
made. The system should then be rechecked to ___ verify
_______ that the repair took care of the problem.
This may involve road _____ testing
_____ the vehicle in order to verify that the complaint has been ____
resolved
______. When servicing or repairing ____ OBD-II
circuits
______, the following guidelines are important:
Do not connect ____
aftermarket
______ accessories into an OBD-II circuit.
Do not move or alter _____
grounds
_____ from their original locations.
Always replace a relay in an OBD-II circuit with an ____
exact
______ replacement. Damaged relays
should be thrown away, not repaired.
Make sure all ____
connector
______ locks are in good condition and are in place.
After repairing connectors or connector _____
terminals
_____, make sure the terminals are properly
____
tightened
______ and the connector is sealed.
When ___
installing
_______ a fastener for an electrical ground, be sure to _____
tighten
_____ it
to the specified torque. Verification of repair is more ___ comprehensive
_______ for vehicles with OBD-II system ___
diagnostics
_______ than earlier vehicles. Following a repair, the technician should ____ perform
______
the following steps: Document Name:
Student Written Questions – AURETR123
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AURETR123 Diagnose and Repair Spark Ignition Engine Management Systems
1
Review the fail records and the ___
freeze
_______ frame _____
data
_____ for the ____
DTC
______ that was diagnosed. Record the fail records or freeze frame data. 2
Use the _____
scan
_____ tool’s clear DTCs or clear information functions to ___
erase
_______
the DTCs. 3
Operate the _____
vehicle
_____ within the conditions noted in the fail records or the freeze frame
data. 4
___
Monitor
_______ the status information for the specific DTC until the diagnostic ____
monitor
______ associated with that DTC runs. Document Name:
Student Written Questions – AURETR123
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Situation 9 - A 6-m long ladder weighing 600 N is shown in the Figure. It is required to determine
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O GASES
Interconverting pressure and force
A chemistry graduate student is designing a pressure vessel for an experiment. The vessel will contain gases at pressures up to 470.0 MPa. The student's
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