FINAL EXAM

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American Military University *

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421

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Mechanical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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33

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Final Exam Attempt Score 100 / 100 - 100 % Overall Grade (Highest Attempt) 100 / 100 - 100 % stion 1 1 / 1 p A biaxial joint allows motion in how many directions? Question options: One Two Three None of the above on The type of end feel that is defined by a lack of normal mechanical limitation of joint ROM is Question options: capsular soft empty bony on The type of arthrokinematic motion characterized by linear movement of a joint surface parallel to the plane of the adjoining joint surface is which of the following? Question options:
Roll Spin Glide Shear on A skeletal pathology characterized by pain in the knee area due to issues with traction epiphysis is which of the following? Question options: Osgood-Schlatter disease Slipped femoral capital epiphysis Osteoporosis Osteomyelitis on The intervention of joint mobilization is best performed in the close-packed position at any given joint. Question options: True False on Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system? Question options: Gives shape and support All of the above Protects vital organs
Manufactures blood cells on What type of structure is located where tendons pass over a bone or joint and serves to decrease friction? Question options: Cartilage Fat pad Bursa Fibrocartilage on The structure of the bone where growth occurs is the Question options: diaphysis medullary canal Model Short Answer endosteum epiphyseal plate on In anatomical position, the thumb is located where in relation to the fingers? Question options: Medial Lateral Proximal Distal on
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The two bones of a joint are held together and supported by which of the following structures? Question options: Tendon Bursa Ligament Fibrocartilage on A movement of one bone on another bone to cause an increase in joint angle is called Question options: flexion extension rotation circumduction on Shoulder abduction occurs in which plane and around which axis? Question options: Frontal plane through a sagittal axis Frontal plane through a frontal axis Transverse plane through a vertical axis Sagittal plane through a frontal axis on How many bones make up the human skeleton?
Question options: 206 80 217 126 on When a person grasps an overhead exercise bar and pulls it down, what type of motion is occurring at the shoulder joint? Question options: Angular motion Linear motion Kinematic motion Torque motion on The ulna is where in relation to the humerus? Question options: Medial Lateral Proximal Distal on A person experiencing "ape hand" has damage to which of the following nerves? Question options:
Radial nerve Median nerve Femoral nerve Common peroneal nerve on The white fatty substance present in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) that serves to increase the speed of impulse conduction is called Question options: myelin the node of Ranvier a neuron a tract. on Sensory impulses from the peripheral nervous system (PNS) enter the cord through the anterior horn. Question options: True False on The innermost layer of the protective membrane that contains the blood vessels to the brain is the Question options: dura mater subarachnoid mater
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pia mater ventricular mater on Two forces acting in equal but opposite directions and resulting in a turning effect is called a Question options: stabilizing force dislocating force moment of force force couple on The type of muscle contraction that occurs with fixed speed, fixed resistance, and no joint motion is Question options: ISOKINETIC ISOMETRIC ISOTONIC TENODESIS on If a person threw a Frisbee and wanted wrist radial deviation, which muscle group would be the antagonist? Question options: Wrist radial deviators Wrist ulnar deviators Wrist flexors
Wrist extensors on If the distance of a force arm (FA) is 4 feet and the resistance arm (RA) is 2 feet, then the mechanical advantage would be Question options: 1/2 1/4 8 2 on The type of machine that consists of a grooved wheel that turns on an axle with a rope or cable is a(n) Question options: movable pulley wheel and axle fixed pulley inclined plane on In order to decrease the challenge of a client working on balance, you would do which of the following? Question options: Raise the center of gravity and increase the base of support Raise the center of gravity and decrease the base of support Lower the center of gravity and increase the base of support Lower the center of gravity and decrease the base of support
on A person with "wrist drop" has damage to which of the following nerves? Question options: Radial nerve Median nerve Femoral nerve Common peroneal nerve on A common pathology of the CNS characterized by issues with production, absorption, or flow of cerebrospinal fluid is which of the following? Question options: Autonomic dysreflexia Spina bifida Hydrocephalus Brown-Séquard's syndrome on A person with weakness of knee extension has damage to which of the following nerves? Question options: Radial nerve Median nerve Femoral nerve Common peroneal nerve on
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Which of the following is NOT true of an eccentric contraction? Question options: Contraction produces a greater force than a concentric contraction. Contraction is used as an acceleration activity. Muscle attachments move farther apart. Movement occurs with gravity. on A contraction that causes no joint movement while producing muscle fiber tension is Question options: ISOKINETIC ISOTONIC ISOMETRIC ECCENTRIC on Which muscle originates from the spinous processes of T4–T12 and inserts at the base of the scapular spine? Question options: Serratus anterior Upper trapezius Lower trapezius Infraspinatus on
Which muscle originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the anterior surface of the proximal radius? Question options: Anconeus Pronator teres Pronator quadratus Supinator on The bony landmark of the ulna, which forms the prominent posterior point of the elbow, is which of the following? Question options: Olecranon fossa Olecranon process Coronoid process Radial head on The acromioclavicular joint and the sternoclavicular joint contribute to scapular motions. Question options: True False on You are palpating a person's shoulder and note that she has pain in the bicipital groove. You determine that this person could have tendonitis of which of the following muscles?
Question options: Short head of biceps brachii Coracobrachialis Long head of biceps brachii Brachialis on Which muscles originate on the axillary border of the scapula and insert on the greater tubercle of the humerus? Question options: Teres minor Teres major Infraspinatus Subscapularis on Which muscle originates on the anterior surface of the scapula and inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus? Question options: Teres major Teres minor Subscapularis Serratus anterior on The position of the elbow and shoulder that could potentially make the biceps brachii muscle actively insufficient would be which of the following?
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Question options: Shoulder extension and elbow flexion Shoulder flexion and elbow extension Shoulder flexion and elbow flexion Shoulder extension and elbow extension on Which muscle originates on the medial one-third of the clavicle and inserts on the lateral lip of the bicipital groove? Question options: Model Short Answer Anterior deltoid Supraspinatus Pectoralis major, clavicular portion Coracobrachialis on The triceps is responsible for which of the following actions? Question options: Elbow flexion and forearm supination Forearm supination Elbow extension Elbow extension and wrist radial deviation on A person experiencing pain on the superior lateral aspect of the scapula may have pathology involving which of the following structures? Question options:
Acromion process Glenoid fossa Coracoid process Deltoid tubercle on Which ligament spans the elbow longitudinally (long ways) on the little finger side of the elbow? Question options: Lateral collateral ligament Annular ligament Medial collateral ligament Proximal radioulnar ligament on The carrying angle at the elbow exists because of which of the following phenomena at the distal end of the humerus? Question options: The lateral structures extend farther distally than the medial structures. The medial structures extend farther distally than the lateral structures. The anterior structures extend farther distally than the posterior structures. The posterior structures extend farther distally than the anterior structures. on Damage to which of the following nerves could result in weakness of the deltoid muscle? Question options: Radial nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve Axillary nerve Suprascapular nerve on A common elbow pathology often caused by repetitive wrist extension activities is which of the following? Question options: Medial epicondylitis Lateral epicondylitis Tendonitis of biceps tendon Volkmann's ischemic contracture on The bony landmark of the sacrum that makes up the lateral surface and articulates with the ilium is called the Question options: ala. auricular surface. superior articular process. pelvic surface. on A spinal pathology characterized by chronic inflammation of the vertebral column and SI joints is which of the following? Question options: Spondylosis Stenosis
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Scoliosis Ankylosing spondylitis on The muscle that originates on the iliac crest and inserts on the 12th rib and transverse processes of T12 to L5 is the Question options: iliopsoas. quadratus lumborum. rectus abdominis. internal oblique. on Which muscle originates on the transverse processes of the cervical vertebra and inserts on the first and second ribs? Question options: Sternocleidomastoid Scalene Splenius capitis Splenius cervicis on A lateral tilt (unsupported side) of the pelvis results in which of the following motions of the vertebral column? Question options: Flexion Hyperextension Lateral bend to the opposite side
Lateral bend to the same side on A normal finding for a lumbosacral angle would be which of the following? Question options: 10 degrees 30 degrees 45 degrees 60 degrees on The rotation of the pelvis when the left foot begins the swing phase in gait is Question options: anterior left rotation. posterior left rotation. Model Short Answer anterior right rotation. Model Short Answer posterior right rotation. anterior right rotation. posterior right rotation. on The bony landmark on the ischium that is posterior and located between the greater and lesser sciatic notches is the Question options: tuberosity. auricular surface. spine. posterior inferior iliac spine.
on The rotation of the pelvis just before the right foot begins stance phase is Question options: anterior left rotation. anterior right rotation. posterior left rotation. posterior right rotation. on The bony landmark of the vertebra that makes up the anterior portion of the neural arch is called the Question options: lamina. pedicle. vertebral foramen. spinous process. on All of the following muscles, when contracted unilaterally, will produce lateral bend of the spine EXCEPT the Question options: intertransversarii. scalene. rectus abdominis. external oblique. on
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Which cervical muscle, when contracted unilaterally, rotates the head to the opposite side? Question options: Splenius capitis Sternocleidomastoid Erector spinae Scalene on The supporting ligament of the symphysis pubis that attaches to the pubic tubercles is the Question options: sacrospinous ligament. iliolumbar ligament. inferior pubic ligament. superior pubic ligament. on The spinal ligament that runs posteriorly along the vertebral bodies inside the vertebral foramen is called the Question options: ligamentum flavum. supraspinous ligament. anterior longitudinal ligament. posterior longitudinal ligament. on
Having a client bend the hips and knees to do sit-ups for abdominal strengthening instead of keeping the legs straight serves what purpose? Question options: Makes the stronger hip flexors passively insufficient Makes the stronger hip flexors actively insufficient Makes the trunk flexors less actively insufficient Has no role in muscle work; makes the exercise look easier for better patient compliance on Which one-joint muscle extends the hip? Question options: Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Vastus intermedialis Gluteus maximus on Prime movers of knee flexion include all of the following EXCEPT the Question options: semitendinosus. short head of biceps femoris. gastrocnemius. soleus. on
Which muscle has its distal attachment on the pes anserine with the gracilis and the sartorius? Question options: Semitendinosus Adductor magnus Tensor fascia latae Semimembranosus on Which muscles are prime movers in knee extension? Question options: Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus Vastus medialis, plantaris, vastus intermedialis Semitendinosus, gluteus maximus, semimembranosus on Which muscle originates on the posterior sacrum and ilium and inserts just distal to the greater trochanter? Question options: Gluteus maximus Pectineus Iliopsoas Quadratus lumborum on Which muscle is NOT a prime mover in hip flexion? Question options:
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Tensor fascia latae Biceps femoris Rectus femoris Iliopsoas on The muscle that originates on the iliac fossa and lateral surfaces of T12 through L5 and inserts on the lesser trochanter is the Question options: pectineus. quadratus lumborum. deep rotator. iliopsoas. on You are asked to instruct your client in eccentric strengthening of the quadriceps. The BEST instruction would be which of the following? Question options: Seated, extend the knee Seated with knee extended, slowly lower the foot, flexing the knee Supine with knee flexed over a bolster, extend the knee Prone with knee flexed, lower foot, extending the knee on During weight-bearing knee extension, in which direction does the femur rotate on the tibia? Question options:
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Medially Laterally Anteriorly Posteriorly on Which of the following Q angle measurements would be considered an abnormal finding? Question options: 10 degrees 13 degrees 15 degrees 18 degrees on Which muscle has its origin at the linea aspera, runs medially, and inserts at the tibial tuberosity? Question options: Sartorius Rectus femoris Vastus intermedialis Vastus medialis on Most of the hip adductors are innervated by which of the following nerves? Question options: Sciatic nerve
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Deep peroneal nerve Obturator nerve Femoral nerve on Which muscle is responsible for "unlocking" the knee? Question options: Popliteus Plantaris Soleus Posterior tibialis on Which muscle has its origin at the linea aspera, runs lateral at the thigh, and has its insertion at the tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon? Question options: Vastus medialis Adductor magnus Tensor fascia latae Vastus lateralis on The BEST position to stretch the tensor fascia latae muscle is which of the following? Question options: Hip flexion Hip extension
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Hip adduction and extension Hip abduction and extension on Which intrinsic muscle is the only intrinsic located on the dorsal surface of the foot? Question options: Abductor hallucis Lumbricales Extensor digitorum brevis Flexor digiti minimi on Walking on the lateral borders of your feet involves an isometric contraction of which group of muscles at the ankle? Question options: Ankle evertors Ankle plantar flexors Ankle dorsiflexors Ankle invertors on Your patient has suffered a sprain to the deltoid ligament, and you are asked to strengthen muscles on the same side of the ankle. Which of the following exercises would best achieve this? Question options: Seated with cuff weight around dorsum of foot, evert foot
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Seated with cuff weight around dorsum of foot, invert foot Seated with cuff weight around dorsum of foot, dorsiflex foot Seated with cuff weight around dorsum of foot, plantarflex foot on Ankle inversion is accomplished by the action of the Question options: peroneus brevis. anterior tibialis. posterior tibialis. B and C on Your patient had a short leg cast that was too tight and bruised the superficial peroneal nerve. You would expect weakness in which of the following muscles? Question options: Extensor digitorum longus Anterior tibialis Peroneus longus Gastrocnemius on Excessive wear and damage to the medial side of a person's shoe would be attributed to which positional fault of the ankle? Question options: Calcaneal varus
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Calcaneal valgus Pes planus Pes cavus on Which muscle has its origin on the lateral tibia and interosseus membrane and inserts on the first cuneiform and first metatarsal? Question options: Anterior tibialis Posterior tibialis Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum longus on If a patient has damage to the nerve supplying the anterior compartment of the lower leg, you would expect to focus efforts on strengthening which group of muscles? Question options: Ankle evertors Ankle plantar flexors Toe flexors Ankle dorsiflexors on Shin splints is an overuse syndrome that can be caused by which of the following? Question options:
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Sports that involve repetitive jumping Running on tiptoes Running on hard surfaces Any of the above on The soleus has which of the following actions? Question options: Knee flexion Ankle inversion Ankle plantarflexion B and C on A person with a lumbar disc problem is generally most comfortable in which of the following positions? Question options: Lying prone Lying supine with pillows under the knees Side-lying with top leg extending behind the body Side-lying with both legs flexed toward the chest on Having paralysis of the ankle dorsiflexors would cause which type of gait? Question options: Steppage gait 
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Bell clapper gait  Sore foot limp  Rocking horse gait on Which two spinal curves are considered to be the secondary (antigravity) curves? Question options: Cervical and thoracic Thoracic and sacral Cervical and lumbar Lumbar and sacral on Which of the following is true regarding the changes in gait that occur with an elderly person? Question options: Increased time in stance phase Shorter step length Decreased vertical displacement All of the above are true regarding gait changes with age. on For optimal lateral view standing posture, a plumb line should be aligned with all of the following landmarks except Question options: through the earlobe. through the acromion process of the shoulder.
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the anterior to the greater trochanter. the posterior to the patella. on Vertical displacement of the center of gravity is at its lowest at which point in the gait cycle? Question options: Midstance Midswing Initial contact Preswing on The term used to describe the activity that occurs between the time of heel strike of one extremity and the heel strike of that same extremity is Question options: double support. stride length. gait cycle. cadence. on The pelvis is considered to be in a neutral position when which of the following landmarks are in the same plane? Question options: The anterior inferior iliac spines and posterior inferior iliac spines are level The anterior superior iliac spines and posterior superior iliac spines are level
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The anterior superior iliac spines and symphysis pubis are in the same vertical plane B and C on You will be working with a patient who has had a stroke. You expect which of the following descriptions to best characterize the typical gait pattern that you will see? Question options: Excessive anterior pelvic tilt and lumbar lordosis with exaggerated arm swing A shift of the trunk to the affected side with weight-bearing Weight shift to the uninvolved side with circumduction of the involved leg A quick shift posteriorly of the trunk at the moment of heel strike on A difficulty or slowness in initiating gait is characteristic of which of the following conditions? Question options: Rheumatoid arthritis Nonfunctioning gastrocnemius muscle Parkinsonism Muscular dystrophy on A person with a facet joint problem in the spine is generally most comfortable in which of the following positions? Question options: Lying prone Lying supine with legs extended
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Side-lying with top leg extended behind the body Side-lying with both legs flexed toward the chest on The antigravity muscles are considered to be all of the following EXCEPT the Question options: hip and knee extensors. trunk rotators. neck extensors. ankle pronators and supinators. on A person with excessive lumbar lordosis could need stretching instruction for which group of muscles? Question options: Hip flexors Hip extensors Trunk extensors A and C on Your patient has a tendency to cross the unsupported limb in front of the other during swing phase. This could indicate spasticity of which of the following muscle groups? Question options: Hip flexors Hip adductors
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Knee extensors Ankle plantar flexors on Causes of poor posture can be which of the following? Question options: Habit Congenital malformation Paralysis of key postural muscles Any of the above can be a cause of poor posture. Done
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