2022 Lab 7 - Forces in Every Life

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University of New England *

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1010

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Mechanical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Lab Assignment Sheet Forces in Everyday Life (Week 7) Model or Topic Explored: You will create a demonstration of either the free particle (sum of the forces is equal to zero) or constant force particle (sum of the forces is equal to mass x acceleration). You have several different options to choose from to create a scenario, or you may develop one of your own to look at the force balance. Name: Margaret Murphy Date: 02/02/2024 Constants: Mass of IO Lab unit String Pulling IO Lab unit Measurables: Force sensor (force in newtons) F=O, N+W=0 (vector), N-W=0 (scalar in 1-D) W, (mass of unit) Observables: The grey hook is attached to the IO Lab unit and a white string is used to pull it across three different three different sets of materials to determine the friction coefficient. The three different sets of materials will be carpet, wooden floor, and a granite counter top. Problem Statement: How does friction force depend on the normal force when an object is moved in a constant velocity on different materials? Prediction: I predict that when an object is moving at a constant velocity that the friction force must equal the normal force. Another prediction that I have is that the friction force will be higher when dragging the IO Lab unit across the carpet compared to the other experiments. PHYS 1010 – page 1
Lab Assignment Sheet Experiment: Procedure (list of steps with some detail): 1. Gather supplies; IO Lab unit, string, grey hook, friction pads 2. Tie the string onto to the grey hook and place friction pads on the device 3. Weigh IO Lab device 4. Find first surface, wooden floor and run IO Lab unit application 5. Press start, drag IO Lab unit across wooden floor and press stop 6. Repeat for both carpet and granite counter top 7. Collect data and analyze Tools and Diagram of Apparatus: [In this section, please paste at least two digital photographs. One with you and your sign containing your name and the date of your experiment, and at least one more of you with the items used in your experiment (preferably while doing the experiment).] Precautions and caveats: None Data Table with Units: [In this section, you may paste a data table from MS Excel or generate a table within MS Word.] PHYS 1010 – page 2
Lab Assignment Sheet Weight of IO Lab unit: 𝜇 : -1.952N Across counter top: 𝜇 : -0.711N Across the wooden floor: 𝜇 : -0.396N Across the carpet: 𝜇: -1.225N Data Graphs: [In this section, you may paste graphs that you have generated in MS Excel.] Weight of IO Lab unit IO Lab unit across granite counter top IO Lab across wood floor: PHYS 1010 – page 3
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Lab Assignment Sheet IO Lab across carpet Math Model(s): [Digital pictures or MS Word Equation Editor could be included if the equations cannot be easily typed.] Friction Force: N=W so N=-1.952N F= 𝜇N 𝜇=F/N Across the counter top: 𝜇=F/N 𝜇= -0.711N/-1.952N= 0.364N Across the wooden floor: 𝜇=F/N 𝜇= - 0.396N/- 1.952N= 0.203N Across the carpet: PHYS 1010 – page 4
Lab Assignment Sheet 𝜇=F/N 𝜇= -1.225N/-1.952N= 0.628N Diagrammatic Model: [Digital pictures or diagrams created within MS Word would be included here.] Verbal Representation: [Represent the results and the relationships between variables that you’ve found in words.] In this experiment I found that when moving in a constant velocity, the friction force must be equal to the normal force. I also found that the friction force of carpet was indeed more than granite countertop and wood, so my prediction was correct. I knew this would happen, because it took a harder pull on the IO Lab unit to get it to move, compared to the countertop and wood. Once it was in motion, it was easier to keep it in motion. PHYS 1010 – page 5 N: Force of table on IO Lab unit V Fa= Carpet, granite counter top or wood table Ffr T Cart W: Force of the earth on the IO Lab unit